聚氨酯改性TDE-85/MeTHPA体系的固化反应

采用聚氨酯预聚体、扩链剂和交联剂对TDE-85/甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐(MeTHPA)树脂进行改性,通过红外光谱和示差扫描量热法(DSC)分析,探讨聚氨酯(PU)改性TDE-85/MeTHPA树脂体系固化反应。研究表明:固化反应的表观活化能由TDE-85/MeTHPA树脂体系的83.14 kJ/mol降至PU改性TDE-85/MeTHPA树脂体系的67.91 kJ/mol。确定的PU改性TDE-85/MeTHPA树脂体系合适的固化工艺条件为:120℃,2 h 140℃,2 h 160℃,2 h。在该固化工艺制度条件下,PU改性TDE-85/MeTHPA体系固化反应完全,能满足固化工艺要求。     

高性能TDE-85/E-51环氧树脂的聚氨酯增韧改性

以混合芳胺为固化剂,通过聚氨酯（Pu）对4,5-环氧环己烷-1,2-二甲酸二缩水甘油酯（TDE-85）与二酚基丙烷缩水甘油醚（E-51）环氧树脂的混合树脂体系的改性,制备了高性能聚氨酯改性环氧树脂（PU／EP）。通过红外光谱图、扫描电镜（SEM）、热重（TG）分析及力学性能的表征讨论PU／EP体系的结构与性能特征。研究结果表明：PU和EP分子链之间存在着化学接枝反应,能有效地改善PU／EP体系中PU和EP分子间的相容性及相互贯穿;与TDE-85与E-51的混和环氧树脂比,PU改性TDE-85与E-51的混和环氧树脂仍然具有很强的耐热性能,并且冲击强度、拉伸强度均获得显著提高;PU／EP体系断口裂纹呈明显的韧性断裂特征,说明TDE-85与E-51的混和环氧树脂PU改性增韧效果明显。     

聚氨酯改性环氧树脂的制备及固化动力学

采用聚丙二醇(PPG)和4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)为反应原料,制备端异氰酸根聚氨酯(PU)预聚体,并利用它对E-51型环氧树脂进行接枝改性,制得PU预聚体与E-51型环氧树脂的接枝共聚物(g-PU/EP)。采用非等温差示扫描量热(DSC)法研究其与二聚酸聚酰胺固化剂的固化动力学。研究表明:固化体系的活化表观能为66.10 kJ/mol,反应级数为0.930。固化反应的凝胶温度、固化温度和后固化温度分别为310.77、364.62和397.18 K。     

聚醚多元醇和醇类扩链交联剂并用对聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响

用4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯（MDI）和聚四氢呋喃聚醚(PTMG)为原料合成聚氨酯（PU）预聚体,以三官能度聚醚多元醇（330N）,三羟基甲基丙烷（TMP）和1,4-丁二醇（BDO）为原料制备PU弹性体。讨论了聚醚多元醇与醇类扩链剂并用和醇类扩链交联剂并用对PU弹性体性能的影响。结果表明,随着330N与BDO羟基数比增大,软段玻璃化转变温度（T_gs）随之降低、拉伸强度和硬度下降、拉断伸长率增加;而随着TMP与BDO羟基数比增加,T_gs随之升高、拉伸强度与拉断伸长率下降、硬度保持不变。     

有机硅改性水性聚氨酯乳液的研究

由甲苯二异氰酸酯、聚醚多元醇与二羟甲基丙酸反应制得聚氨酯预聚体,加入含侧氨乙基氨丙基聚二甲基硅氧烷齐聚物水乳液扩链改性,得到一系列有机硅改性水性聚氨酯乳液.用红外光谱对产物进行结构表征.考察了有机硅含量对胶膜耐水性和力学性能的影响.结果表明改性后的水性聚氨酯分散体稳定性好,膜的手感柔软,吸水性降低,对力学性能的影响不大.     

聚硅氧烷改性水性聚氨酯的合成及应用

以聚四亚甲基醚二醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、DMPA、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)制备聚醚型水性聚氨酯预聚体.采用氨基硅油(AEAPS)对预聚体进行改性制得聚硅氧烷改性水性聚氨酯乳液和薄膜.采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、强力测试、乳液粒径测试、吸水率和接触角对聚氨酯的结构和性能进行表征.采用聚硅氧烷改性聚氨酯乳液对羊绒织物进行整理,测试其抗起毛起球效果.结果表明,氨基硅油改性能够明显改善聚氨酯膜的耐水性和机械强度,经过整理的羊绒织物的起毛起球效果有一定的提高.     

聚(己二酸/丁二醇-co-己二酸/乙醇胺)的合成

以1,4-丁二醇、己二酸和乙醇胺为原料合成了聚'(己二酸/丁二醇-co-己二酸/乙醇胺)（PBEA）预聚体，再以对苯二甲酰双己内酰胺(TBC)为扩链剂对其进行扩链，合成出了高分子量的聚酯酰胺。研究了预聚体分子量、扩链剂/预聚体摩尔比、反应温度等因素对扩链反应的影响。在扩链温度为220?℃，预聚体的分子量为1700左右，扩链剂/预聚体的摩尔比为1.1时，扩链效果最好，所得PBEA的特性黏度达082dL/g。并采用GPC和DSC分别对扩链前后的聚酯酰胺的分子量和熔点进行了表征，发现其分子量成倍增加，而熔点则有所降低。     

含HTPB的扩链脲改性环氧树脂/双氰双胺固化体系反应活性研究

分别以分子量为1800、2200、2600、3300的端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)与2.4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)在一定条件下进行反应制得预聚体,然后将预聚体与二甲胺进行封端反应,利用FT-IR进行监测和控制此反应过程,合成了一系列环氧树脂固化体系的扩链脲促进剂Ui对E-51/双氰胺(dicy)/Ui固化体系的DSC固化反应活性研究结果表明,所合成的端羟基聚丁二烯扩链脲促进剂对E-51/dicy体系具有明显的促进作用.     

混合扩链剂对聚氨酯弹性体宏观性能的影响

以4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯（MDI）和聚四氢呋喃均聚醚（PTMG）为原料合成聚氨酯（PU）预聚体（A组分）,三羟基聚醚多元醇（330N）分别与1,4-丁二醇（BDO）或乙二醇（EGO）混合作为扩链剂（B组分）,将A、B组分聚合制备PU弹性体。探讨330N/BDO与330N/EGO不同体系以及各体系不同质量比对PU弹性体热性能和机械性能的影响。结果表明,330N/BDO体系的软段玻璃化转变温度（T_gs）较低,硬段熔融热较高,随着330N/BDO质量比的下降,T_gs 上升,硬段熔融热增加;330N/EGO体系的拉伸强度、硬度稍高,而断裂伸长率和滞后损失（tan δ ）有较大落差,随着330N/EGO质量比的下降,弹性体的拉伸强度和硬度增加,断裂伸长率和滞后损失降低。     

丝素蛋白/聚氨酯两性水凝胶的制备及性能研究

采用2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和N-甲基二乙醇胺(MEDA)分别作为阴、阳离子型扩链剂,在聚氨酯(PU)预聚体结构上先后引入两种离子型的亲水基团,再将制得的聚氨酯预聚体与丝素蛋白(SF)水溶液混合交联,得到SF/PU两性水凝胶.通过衰减全反射(ATR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征其结构、微观形貌及多孔结构.结果表明:制备出的SF/PU两性水凝胶具有明显的孔洞结构,孔径分布在15μm左右.通过测试在不同条件下的吸水溶胀比(SR)和平衡溶胀含水量(EWC),分析了两性水凝胶的溶胀动力学机理.通过万能实验拉力机测试了两性水凝胶的机械性能,当SF/PU比例为65/35时,水凝胶材料的压缩强度达到最大值,为0.577 MPa;当SF/PU为50/50时水凝胶有着最大变形率,为85.8%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with