食品营养学教育对大学生校内食品消费行为的影响

为了研究大学生校内食品消费行为特点,提出针对高等教育阶段食品与营养学教育的建设性意见.本研究对首都师范大学校内大学生进行简单不重复随机抽样,通过问卷调查研究大学生的饮食消费行为习惯以及所学食品营养学知识的应用.调查结果显示大学生饮食消费注重口味满足感,对配料表的认知程度偏低,仅有28. 0%的学生总是或经常查看配料表;对食品营养学知识的掌握和应用不够深入,86. 0%的大学生了解一些营养知识,了解很多或很少的大学生占14. 0%.因此应结合大学生日常食品消费实际开展食品营养学教育,改善食品营养与健康意识.     

线性扫描吸附伏安法测定食品中痕量氟

报道了食品中氟的线性扫描溶出伏安法测定 .在 p H=4 .9的 0 .0 2 mol/L六次甲基四胺的缓冲溶液中 ,铈 -茜素络合剂 -氟的络合物产生一灵敏的阴极峰 ,峰电位为 -0 .85V( vs.SCE) ,峰高与 F- 浓度在 2 .0× 1 0 - 8～ 4 .0× 1 0 - 7mol/L范围内呈线性关系 ,检出限为 1 .0× 1 0 - 8mol/L .该法用于食品中的痕量氟的测定 ,结果满意 .另外 ,对峰电流的性质和电极反应的机理进行了研究     

236名学龄前儿童营养调查

采用3日称重法及体格检查和生化检查对目前学前儿童的营养素摄入状况和机体营养状况进行调查分析,为合理配餐提供科学依据.结果表明:热能及三大营养素的摄入量达到了相应供给量标准,但3岁组蛋白质和脂肪的摄入量偏高;优质蛋白质的摄入量达60%,但豆类蛋白质的摄入量明显偏低.建议减少3岁组儿童的动物性食品摄入,增加豆类食品的摄入量;营养不良发生率为0 08%;贫血率为0 08%.结论:该幼儿园幼儿营养状况良好,但要注意提高钙和VA的摄入量.营养过剩的问题应引起家长、学校和社会的关注.     

二次微分电位溶出法测定食品中镉、锌含量

建立了二次微分电位溶出法测定食品中镉、锌含量的方法.优化了试验条件如pH值、电沉积电位、平衡电位等,线性范围:镉0～16 ng,锌0～800 ng;检出限分别为0.24 ng/mL、0.71 ng/mL,RSD<2.5%(n=7).该法测定食品样品结果与石墨炉原子吸收法一致.     

麦芽糊精水解物对低聚糖测定影响的探讨

研究了提取溶剂的浓度对含麦芽糊精的低聚糖食品的影响,确定了以高效液相色谱(HPLC)法检测麦芽糊精糖分的色谱条件为:流动相配比(乙腈∶水)=80∶20(v v);流速为0 7mL min;检测器灵敏度为+8;并且用4%的乙醇提取麦芽糊精,其四糖以上糖类的含量最高,效果最好.本实验对含麦芽糊精食品营养成分的识别,产品质量的管理和配方的确定都有一定的参考价值,对麦芽糊精的生产、品质控制及其在食品中的应用提供了分析依据.     

从食品原料与资源学角度解析“食品设计”的发展趋势

探讨了有关食品原料与资源的全球重要议题;阐述了"食品设计"的基本概念和研究范围;分析了食品原料作为天然设计材料的特征、优势和局限;之后阐述了食品行业全球消费趋势,新食品原料与资源的开发与合理利用;提出上述两点对"食品设计"发展趋势的影响.最后总结倡议未来设计师需要全局思考食品原料的可持续发展途径,即兼顾社会、经济、环境3个方面.     

催化褪色光度法测定痕量铁的研究

研究了在稀 H2 SO4 介质中 ,痕量铁催化 H2 O2 氧化甲基红褪色反应 ,建立了一种高灵敏、高选择性测定痕量铁的新方法 .检出限为 5 .0× 1 0 - 7g/L,线性范围 0 .0 μg/1 0 m L～0 .4μg/1 0 m L,用于食品中铁的测定 ,结果令人满意     

我国食品召回现状及完善对策研究

近年来,我国食品安全事件频发,严重危害着人民群众的生命健康,完善食品相关法律制度,健全相关法律法规成为当务之急.分析我国食品召回制度存在的问题主要有：食品召回相关法律法规上位法与下位法、新法与旧法有冲突;食品召回主体范围过窄;食品召回监管部门不明确,责令召回执法力度不足;企业诚信体系不完善,企业违法成本过低.建议进一步完善食品召回的法律制度体系;扩大食品召回主体的范围;建立和健全食品企业信用法律制度;提高召回违法成本.     

铜(Ⅱ)-2-(2,3,5-三氮唑偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯甲酸络合物吸附波的研究及应用

研究了新试剂 2 (2 ,3,5 三氮唑偶氮 ) 5 二甲氨基苯甲酸 (TZAMB)与铜 (Ⅱ )的络合物极谱行为 .在 0 .0lmol/LKHP HNO3 0 .1mol/LKNO3 底液中 ,络合物Cu(Ⅱ ) TZAMB在 - 0 .0 9V (Vs.SCE)产生灵敏的阴极化二阶导数波 ,峰电流与Cu(Ⅱ )的浓度在 2 .0× 10 -7～ 2 .0× 10 -6mol/L范围内呈线性关系 ,检测限达 1.0× 10 -8mol/L .该法成功检测出食品中铜的含量 ,结果满意     

食品微生物检验实验教学改革的初步探索

结合当今社会对人才的需求及教学实践,分析了食品微生物检验传统实验课教学存在的弊端;着重对食品微生物学检验实验课中教学内容、教材、教学方法、考核办法及教学手段进行了探讨,旨在提高食品微生物检验实验的教学质量.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.