新型Protein A免疫吸附膜材料制备及其特性

以纤维素复合膜为基质合成了Protein A免疫吸附材料，研究了微环境对固定化的Protein A吸附性能的影响，优化了合成方法并对Protein A免疫吸附膜材料的性能进行了评价。实验表明，当每g复合膜上的环氧基团为0．74mmol，间隔臂长度为18个原子，溶液pH为7－8时，Protein A免疫吸附膜能够达到良好的吸附性能和再生性能，每g膜对IgG的最大吸附能力为12．84mg，在连续使用100次时，仍能达到10．08mg。制备的Protein A免疫吸附膜柱具备良好的流动特性和抗压能力，同时非特异吸附小，能够满足免疫吸附治疗的要求。     

膜-序批式生物反应器生活污水处理特性研究

采用中空纤维膜-序批式生物反应器处理实际生活污水，考察了污染物的去除效果及膜污染情况．结果表明：在不排泥条件下连续运行，系统表现出良好的污染物去除效果，COD、氨氮、浊度等平均去除率分别达到89．8％，99．3％和99．6％；膜强化去除作用显著，且出水水质稳定，出水水质优于生活杂用水水质标准；在实验期间没有对中空纤维膜组件进行清洗，膜污染发展速度缓慢，膜过滤性能稳定．     

膜-生物反应器对双酚A的去除

双酚A是废水处理中一种典型的有害物,需要在废水处理中去除.该文研究了不主动排泥的运行模式下膜-生物反应器对双酚A的去除效果.考察了不同双酚A污泥负荷对双酚A去除的影响,以及污泥吸附和生物降解对去除的贡献.在双酚A污泥负荷为0.058～10.2 g·kg -1·d -1的条件下,膜-生物反应器对双酚A的去除率在93%以上.污泥对双酚A的吸附符合Freundlich型吸附等温式,但污泥吸附只占去除量的 0.2%以下.经过一段时间的驯化培养,反应器污泥可以降解双酚A.双酚A的加入没有对膜-生物反应器去除常规污染物的能力产生影响.     

高耐磨聚四氟乙烯复合材料的实验研究

利用MM-200摩擦磨损试验机考察了填充聚丙烯腈的聚四氟乙烯复合材料在干摩擦条件下的摩擦学性能．用扫描电子显微镜对样品的磨损面和转移膜进行了观察和分析．结果表明，聚丙烯腈的加入，使聚四氟乙烯的耐磨损性大幅提高，摩擦系数有所降低；填充聚丙烯腈的聚四氟乙烯样品的对磨面有完整而且不易脱落的转移膜，这是其具有良好耐磨性的主要原因；在复合材料中，聚丙烯腈与聚四氟乙烯有很好的相容性．     

聚四氟乙烯荷电微孔膜抗老化性能的实验研究

对利用Ar等离子体为引发手段对聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)膜进行表面处理,然后在PTFE膜表面接枝丙烯酸(AAc)制备的PTFE-g-AAc聚四氟乙烯荷电微孔膜的抗老化性能进行了室内试验研究.通过贮存、浸泡、化学清洗及高温清洗等试验,考察了不同条件下荷电微孔膜的流动电位、通量以及抗污染和对悬浮物的去除能力.试验结果表明,在一般条件下贮存或在油田含油污水处理装置中使用3年,对该荷电膜的通量、荷电性等基本性能以及流动电位、抗污染和对悬浮物的去除能力没有明显影响,而且该膜还具有较好的在含油污水处理中的稳定性能和耐化学腐蚀性能.     

基于RS—BP融合的裂缝监控模型

目前对大坝裂缝的监控主要是应用统计模型，然而在实际应用中，其分析精度易受因子相关性的影响．本研究提出了基于RS—BP耦合的裂缝监控模型，该方法首先应用RS对裂缝监控信息进行属性和样本集约简，以提高网络的泛化分析能力；然后用BP神经网络对约简的样本集进行模式训练；最后根据训练好的网络对裂缝进行分析，以掌握裂缝的演变性态．...     

空心率对GFRP-ECC-钢管组合空心柱轴压及抗震性能影响

GFRP-ECC-钢管组合空心柱（EDSTC柱）是利用GFRP管和钢管组成模具，并在GFRP管和空心钢管之间直接浇筑ECC而成的一种新型组合柱结构.使用ABAQUS有限元软件研究了空心率对EDSTC柱轴压性能和抗震性能的影响.通过研究发现：空心率对EDSTC柱的轴压性能和抗震性能有着显著的影响；随着空心率的增加，EDSTC柱的刚性、承载能力、耗能能力和抗震性能均逐渐降低，延性则逐渐增加；EDSTC柱的破坏最先出现在柱体的中部，因此在设计中应注意对EDSTC柱进行中部加固，并选择适当的空心率，以提高EDSTC柱的轴压性能和抗震性能.研究结果有助于进一步优化EDSTC柱的设计和应用，提高其在工程领域的实用性和可靠性.     

有机硅膜对醇—水混合物的渗透汽化分离

在硅橡胶中加入交联剂，制备成有机硅膜．该膜对醇－水混合物具有良好的分离性能，实验表明：交联剂的用量，交联方式均对膜性能有很大的影响，膜内支撑材料和料液浓度对膜的渗透性能也有影响，ＨＶ法和ＲＴＶ法制得的透醇膜对酒精的选择因子分别约为７和５，其通量分别约为１５×１０－３ｋｇ／（ｍ２·ｈ）和４０×１０－３ｋｇ／（ｍ２·ｈ）．     

双功能膜-序批式生物反应器处理洗浴污水

文章采用双功能膜-序批式生物反应器处理实际洗浴污水方法,在不排泥条件下考察了系统对污染物去除效果及膜污染的情况;结果表明,污染物去除效果良好,COD、可溶性正磷酸盐及浊度等平均去除率分别达到88.4%、90.0%和96.9%;膜组件对CDD的强化去除作用不明显,但对浊度的强化去除作用显著;通过膜曝气可以使膜比通量具有一定程度的恢复,但膜过滤性能仍不稳定,膜污染发展速度较快,过滤周期较短;污泥浓度对膜过滤阻力上升速率影响显著.     

NF和RO膜用于饮用水处理的研究

利用活性炭－膜技术，将高锰酸盐指数降至0．5mg/L左右，A254降至0．01以下，总有机碳质量浓度ρTOC降至700μg/L左右，对试验水质，ESNA1纳滤膜和ESPA2反渗透膜对电导率，总溶解固体和总碱度的去除率在70％左右，总硬度去除率在90％左右，二阶离子的去除率为90％以上，一价离子的去除率为70％左右；回收率加大，去除率略有升高，ESPA2膜去除无机离子的能力高于ESNA1；2种膜出水生物可同化有机碳值分别为60μg/L和47μg/L，生物稳定性较高。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the