动车运用所调车作业计划优化

动车运用所的调车计划编制随着检修任务的增加而变得越来越复杂,调车计划编制的自动化对于增强动车运用所的检修能力具有重要意义。以最小化动车组检修任务完成时的时刻之和为目标,考虑动车运用所的股道占用冲突等约束构建优化模型,设计的贪婪算法结合邻域搜索的启发式算法可以对调车计划编制的自动化问题进行快速求解。最后,设计算例验证本文算法的有效性。研究发现,对于15组动车组规模的5个算例,平均Gap值为0.87%,且有3个算例直接求出了最优解;对于20组动车组规模的5个算例,邻域搜索改进的平均值为1.35%。     

动车所选址和列车开行方案编制协同优化

在列车开行方案现有研究成果基础上,考虑动车所选址对列车始发/终到站选择的影响,以列车运行成本、动车所建设成本、动车组出入动车所的空驶成本为优化目标,提出动车所选址与列车开行方案协同优化模型.根据模型特点,采用拉格朗日松弛技术对复杂约束进行松弛,将原问题分解为客流路径分配子问题和列车开行及动车所选址子问题,以珠三角城际网络为案例背景对模型和算法进行验证.计算结果表明:在不考虑动车所与其直接关联车站间空驶里程时,与初始方案相比,优化方案的动车组出入动车所产生的空驶里程降低了56 160列·km,减少了1组车底;与对比方案相比,动车组出入动车所产生的空驶里程降低了13 250列·km,增加了3组车底.通过分析不同服务水平下的列车开行方案与动车所选址方案的联动关系,验证了将两者协同优化的必要性.     

考虑翻箱作业时出口箱堆场作业调度优化

基于出口箱的堆场操作实务,考虑堆场起重机取箱作业的现实约束,以作业过程中翻箱次数最少为目标,对堆场作业调度问题进行建模,提出了两阶段混合动态规划算法,将启发式规则嵌入动态规划算法中,以避免出现状态数"组合爆炸"增长的情况.通过仿真算例,并与实际调度规则及现有研究方法所得调度方案进行对比,验证了模型以及优化算法的有效性与实用性.结果表明,所提出的模型和算法可以在较短的求解时间内获得多组装船方案,且其翻箱次数显著降低.     

基于优化随机森林算法的浮动车GPS数据插补模型

为改善浮动车GPS数据因采集过程中受到干扰造成数据缺失问题,通过分析法研究了浮动车GPS数据与交通流状态和道路线形之间的关联性,提出一种基于优化随机森林算法的浮动车GPS数据插补模型,本模型针对随机森林算法插补过程中,因自身的随机性而引起插补结果具有波动性问题,在结果输出部分引入权重因子,通过线性优化算法,调节权重因子大小使输出结果波动性降低的同时满足道路线形特征。实验对6名志愿者21天的出行轨迹数据进行插补,结果表明：本文所构建的模型平均误差12.3m,相较于随机森林模型、决策树模型和线性回归模型分别减少14.9m、24.3m和239.3m,可见采用优化随机森林算法建立的插补模型有效提升了浮动车GPS数据插补精度,为交通状态分析、地图匹配等应用提供数据基础。     

列车到发不确定的客站咽喉利用与股道分配

研究了列车到发时刻不确定条件下的铁路客站咽喉利用优化与股道分配问题.首先,建立了基于不确定列车运行图的咽喉利用与股道分配优化模型,模型考虑股道占用时间与均衡使用性,满足列车、咽喉、股道三者的耦合关系.然后分析并统计了不确定列车运行图的列车到、发站时刻的均值与方差,通过函数模拟的形式抽离出列车时刻表.此外,考虑到问题的NP-hard性,设计了基于模拟退火算法的启发式算法.最后,以宝鸡车站一个阶段计划内的咽喉利用与股道分配问题为实例进行了仿真验算.     

基于启发规则的双向冲压生产线调度研究

根据冲压车间生产的无等待并行流水作业的特点,提出了一种基于启发式规则的双向冲压生产线的调度模型.在该模型中,建立在满足工序约束、机器约束、无等待约束等约束条件下的优化模型,提出了冲压作业的重复、折回和前行等排程规则,解决在冲压作业调度中的机器占用冲突问题,保证得到可行的调度解.并设计嵌入启发式规则的混合遗传算法来进行求解.最后通过一个例子对调度模型和求解算法进行了验证.     

具有双重时间窗约束的作业车间调度算法

为解决实际生产调度中等待时间受限引起的工件加工时间窗约束和设备能力有限引起的机器可加工时间窗约束,以工件完工率最大为优化目标,建立了具有双重时间窗约束的作业车间调度模型,提出了求解该模型的基于启发式规则的禁忌搜索算法。在分析优化目标与约束条件关系的基础上,提出了工件选择和机器分配的启发式规则,并利用启发性规则生成初始调度方案;设计具有块邻域结构的禁忌搜索算法,减小了邻域规模,通过迭代优化最终获得较优的调度方案。选择多种不同规模的算例与传统算法进行对比分析,实验结果表明了所提算法的可行性和有效性。     

一种实用的启发式资源平衡优化算法的改进

资源平衡优化问题即资源有限项目调度问题,是一个NP难问题,现在商用项目管理软件系统中的资源平衡优化问题多采用基于优先规则的启发式算法.通过定义一个新的作业集合和一个巧妙的修改动态参数的方法,使算法在实现上极大地减少了调度时间,进一步增强了启发式算法的实用性.     

基于项目网络拆分决策的多项目协同调度问题建模

以大型工业品资源共享型节拍式流水装配过程为背景,提出基于项目网络拆分决策的多项目协同调度问题.根据装配过程作业的周期性调度需求,将单个项目的作业集合划分成共享资源的多个并行执行的协同子项目,以最小化节拍时间为目标,建立了项目网络拆分与项目调度同时决策的数学优化模型,设计了一种双层循环迭代算法以对模型进行求解.算法的上层是基于有效时序约束数量的作业划分构造型启发式算法,可在多项目网络之间调整作业的从属关系;算法的下层采用基于优先规则的启发式算法对上层拆分后的多项目网络进行求解,并将调度结果反馈至上层,通过循环迭代不断优化项目来调度计划.数据实验结果表明,所提算法能够有效提高资源利用率,且其求解质量和效率较高.     

多停泊基地约束下港口拖轮作业的一体化调度优化

在分析拖轮调度问题基本性质的基础上,结合多处理器任务调度理论,构建了以拖轮总作业时间最小化为目标函数、考虑多停泊基地条件下的一体化调度优化模型;针对问题特点设计了混合模拟退火算法并对其进行求解;以二维实整数的方式作为解的表现形式,在初始解的生成过程中加入首艘可用拖轮的启发式规则,并运用三点交叉的方式产生新解.数值实例结果表明,所提出的算法收敛性较好,求解结果比现行调度规则所得结果的优化率提高了20%.对系统参数的分析表明:移泊作业所占比例和到港船舶类型对目标函数的影响较大;在拖轮配备中,总作业时间对拖轮配备情况具有极弱的敏感性,而在不同装卸作业时间下总作业时间的变化无规律性.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to