固定床有效导热系数的研究

采用稳态法和非稳态参数估值法测定了气体静止时固定床有效导热系数(以下简称固定床的有效导热系数),前者采用圆柱体导热模型,求得在某特定温度下固定床有效导热系数;后者根据固定床拟均相非稳态传热模型,获得了适用于宽温度范围的固定床有效导热系数与气体导热系数和固体导热系数之间的关联式。并将填充挤条型氧化铁系催化剂、催化剂载体Al2O3和玻璃珠的固定床的测定结果与前人推荐的固定床有效导热系数的多种计算方法进行比较。结果证明,对于气-固体系计算固定床的有效导热系数较为适宜的经验式为:λb0=λf×10(0.785-0.057lg(λs/λf))×lg(λs/λf)。该经验式在20～500℃对于高、中、低导热系数多种物系的固体颗粒床层均适用。     

接触模式对球床堆有效导热系数影响的数值分析

为了分析相邻颗粒的接触模式对有效导热系数的影响,数值分析了3种不同的接触模式下有序堆积球床堆的有效导热系数。首先采用间隙模型分析了不考虑接触导热下的球床堆有效导热系数,然后采用面接触和短圆柱模型分析了考虑接触导热下的球床堆有效导热系数,最后分析了不同温度下接触模式对球床堆有效导热系数的影响。计算结果表明,在不考虑接触导热时,间隙模型下的球床堆计算结果与ZS关联式吻合很好。当考虑接触导热时,由于受网格质量限制,面接触计算模型的接触半径较大,因此计算的球床堆有效导热系数与ZSK关联式的结果相比误差较大;采用短圆柱接触模式计算发现,接触半径越小,计算得到的结果与ZSK关联式的结果吻合越好,因此在网格生成质量允许的情况下,推荐使用较小接触半径的短圆柱接触计算模型。同时发现随着温度的升高,接触模式对球床堆有效导热系数的影响减弱。     

颗粒堆积床接触导热的数值分离和分析

为了分析不同固体-流体导热系数比下接触导热对有效导热系数的影响,提出了基于孔隙尺度的接触导热的数值分离方法,在不同固体-流体导热系数比(6～4 400)下对简单立方结构堆积床中的接触导热进行了数值分析。当忽略接触导热时,计算模型中相邻颗粒之间的接触点采用间隙处理;当考虑接触导热时,计算模型中相邻颗粒之间的接触点采用短圆柱连接处理,接触导热通过这两种模型计算结果的差值获得。研究发现,有效导热系数随温度变化的趋势受接触导热的影响显著。考虑接触导热并且固体-流体导热系数比很大时,固相导热起主导作用;忽略接触导热时,流体导热起主导作用。随着固体-流体导热系数比的增大,接触导热对有效导热系数的贡献显著增大;当固体-流体导热系数比大于150时,接触导热对有效导热系数的贡献起主导作用。     

功能晶体导热性能影响因素的理论分析与预测

应用微观导热理论，依据功能晶体导热系数实测数据，得到了功能晶体导热系数与平均原子密度和平均相对原子质量之间的关联式，并给出了Ⅲ－Ⅴ族化合物半导体和碳化物晶体关联式中的常数，为这类晶体导热系数的预测提供了一种依据和方法。     

甲醇-水、水-丙酸和甲醇-丙酸体系汽液平衡的热力学性质

用新型泵式沸点仪测定了在101.325kPa下甲醇-水、水-丙酸、甲醇-丙酸3个二元系在不同液相组成时的沸点,并用间接法Tpx推算了甲醇-水、水-丙酸、甲醇-丙酸3个二元系的汽相平衡组成y.3个二元体系活度系数的关联分别用W ilson模型、NRTL模型、Margules模型和VanLaar模型进行关联,用最小二乘法求出了它们的液相活度系数模型参数.同时,用这些模型参数来计算它们的汽相组成y.所得的液相活度系数来计算3个二元体系的过量吉布斯自由焓函数GE/RT,并且研究的所有体系之间不存在共沸点.计算的沸点温度与实验的所测得的沸点温度吻合良好,由面积积分法检验这些模型参数计算的3个二元体系相平衡数据得到很好的热力学一致性.     

四氢呋喃水合物热物性非原位测量方法

利用Hot Disk热常数分析仪对四氢呋喃(THF)水合物导热系数和热扩散系数进行了非原位测量。实验结果表明,温度在254. 0～267. 0 K时非原位测得的THF水合物导热系数为0. 52～0. 57 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1);且随着温度的增加而线性增大。非原位测量导热系数值与原位测量导热系数值绝对值相差0. 045～0. 065 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1),误差为8%～12%。当温度从267. 0 K升高到277. 0 K时,非原位测得的THF水合物的导热系数增加剧烈,表现出非线性关系。在254. 0～267. 0 K时,非原位测得的THF水合物的热扩散系为0. 26～0. 31 mm~2·s~(-1);并随温度增加而减小。非原位测量的热扩散系数值与原位测量的热扩散系数绝对值相差0. 028～0. 068 mm~2·s~(-1),误差为10%～22%。原位测量与非原位测量产生的误差,分析认为可能是样品的转移过程中,空气中的水蒸气在水合物表面凝结成冰所致。     

纵向导热对错流式微型换热器总包换热系数的影响

采用三维数值模拟获得错流式微型换热器温度分布、总包传热系数和传热单元数,给出了总包传热系数关联式,通过一维对流一导热耦合模型给出纵向导热影响系数K．K为流体质量流量、流体比定压热容、流体和间壁固体热导率及换热器结构尺寸的函数．用K和关联式求得的总包换热系数相乘的方法预测错流式微型多通道换热器的总包换热系数,与模拟结果吻合较好．     

巷道变温圈内温度分布及不稳定传热系数求解方法

巷道围岩变温圈趋于稳定时的外缘半径处温度变化率趋于零,可近似理解为"变温圈趋于稳定时,半径为R0处围岩环形面单位面积导热量趋于0";将此特点描述为变温圈内导热微分方程求解的第二类边界条件,避免了求解温度场分布时复杂的积分问题,降低了求解难度.通过分离变量法将巷道围岩内部导热微分方程转换成斯特姆—刘维尔解问题;引入特征函数与范数,利用傅里叶—贝塞尔级数展开式与贝塞尔函数积分性质,推导得出巷道围岩内部温度分布函数,求得围岩内部温度分布函数在壁面的温度梯度,得到巷道围岩不稳定传热系数的解析式.采用MATLAB软件的计算功能,对比分析了推导得出的巷道围岩不稳定传热系数解析式的可信度与计算精度,表明推导得出的围岩内部温度分布函数及不稳定传热系数解析式是正确的、可信的.     

丙酮—三氯甲烷二元混合体系导热系数的瞬时测定

用瞬时法测定了２０℃和４０℃两个温度点下５个丙酮—三氯甲烷二元混合体系的导热系数，并且用５个已知导热系数的标准物质标定了装置，平均相对误差小于１％，实现了用计算机自动完成数据采集和处理，建立了导热系数与浓度的关联式，该法快速，便捷，测量时间为１ｓ，是快速分析混合物组成的有效方法     

烟草导热系数与含水率的变化关系

推导出了烟草导热系数与湿基含水率的关系式，并用实验测定值检测了推算式的精度。对于烟叶堆积床，推算值与实验测定值的绝对平均偏差为1．75％，算术平均偏差为0．15％；对于烟丝堆积床，推算值与实验测度值的绝对平均偏差为2．36％，算术平均偏差为0．25％。其精度均满足工程需求。该关系式也可推广应用于其他含湿多孔介质导热系数的计算。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.