分解尾气路面材料制备及紫外光辐照度对其催化性能影响的研究

针对尾气分解型路面存在的问题,研发了适用于光催化分解汽车尾气性能的测试系统,提出了光催化分解汽车尾气性能的评价指标及其计算公式。利用SBS改性剂、基质沥青、乳化剂、稳定剂、纳米二氧化钛、六偏磷酸钠、盐酸等制备出了具有光催化分解汽车尾气性能的乳化沥青;并分析了紫外线辐照度对光催化分解汽车尾气性能的影响。研究结果表明:有效分解效率等能够有效的评价路面光催化性能,尾气分解型路面对CO、NO、HC的分解性能受紫外光辐照度影响显著,随着紫外线辐照度的增大而增大。     

TiO2覆膜PTFE滤料光催化甲醛特性的实验研究

用纳米TiO2作为光催化剂覆膜于工业中普遍使用的PTFE滤料,得到了一种新型滤料。设计搭建了仿真空气净化系统的光催化实验台,分析了初始浓度、净化风速、紫外光强度、温度和相对湿度对甲醛光催化降解效率的影响。实验结果发现,在实验区间内,降解效率随初始浓度和紫外光强度的增加而提高;净化风速和温度对降解效率有双重影响;低的相对湿度对应了较高的降解效率。     

超声波降解废水中十二烷基苯磺酸钠的实验研究

通过超声波作用于废水中的十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)试验，讨论了辐照时间、溶液温度、溶液初始浓度、pH值、外加H2O2等因素对DBS降解效果的影响。结果表明：DBS的降解率随辐照时间的延长而增加；溶液温度在低于60℃时，DBS的降解率随温度的升高而增加，高于60℃降解率随温度的升高反而降低；溶液初始浓度增大降解率增加；溶液pH对降解率影响不大；外加H2O2可明显提高DBS降解率。     

ACF担载TiO_2光催化降解甲醛的影响因素研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法（sol-gel）在活性炭纤维（ACF）表面制备了纳米TiO2薄膜光催化材料,利用XRD和SEM对薄膜进行了表征。使用该负载型纳米TiO2光催化材料处理室内空气中的甲醛污染物,分别研究了TiO2涂膜次数、甲醛初始浓度、相对湿度、温度以及光源等因素对甲醛降解效率的影响。实验结果表明,所制得的TiO2为锐钛矿型,平均粒径为20nm左右,TiO2涂膜次数为3层时甲醛降解效率最高;甲醛初始浓度越高降解效率越低,甲醛降解效率随温度升高而增大,相对湿度为48%时甲醛降解效率最高;一定波长（λ〈387nm）的紫外光照射是使用TiO2光催薄膜降解甲醛的必要条件。     

TiO_2/SiO_2复合材料的制备及其光催化性能的研究

以钛酸丁酯和正硅酸乙酯为主要原料,用两步溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO2/SiO2复合材料,并对其光催化降解活性艳红X-3B溶液的性能进行了研究,考察了Ti∶Si摩尔比、焙烧温度、初始浓度和催化剂用量对其光催化降解率的影响。结果表明,当n(Ti)∶n(Si)=6∶1,焙烧温度为500℃时TiO2/SiO2复合材料的光催化活性最好,比相同条件下纯TiO2的光催化活性有明显提高;相同条件下,降解率随溶液初始浓度的升高而降低,催化剂用量存在最佳值,25 mg/L的活性艳红X-3B溶液,催化剂用量的最佳值为1.6 g/L。     

纳米TiO_2光催化降解甲醛的影响因素

为了研究自制的纳米TiO2对环境空气中有机污染物的光催化降解能力,文中通过自制光催化反应系统,研究了纳米TiO2光催化降解甲醛的过程,考察了环境相对湿度、光照强度、气体流量、甲醛初始质量浓度等因素对甲醛的气相光催化降解反应的影响.结果表明:纳米TiO2光催化降解甲醛的最佳相对湿度为50%,适宜气体流量为1.20 L/m in;光降解率并不会随光照强度的增加无限制地增大,甲醛初始质量浓度的增加将降低光催化氧化降解速率.     

基于复合纳米光催化材料的隧道尾气降解研究

将复合光催化材料TiO_2-CeO_2应用于隧道钢渣沥青混合料中,研究复合光催化材料TiO_2-CeO_2对隧道内汽车尾气的降解效能.首先研发了一套能模拟隧道环境的尾气降解试验装置,然后研究了复合光催化材料TiO_2-CeO_2对隧道钢渣沥青混合料路用性能的影响,最后通过降解效能与降解速率的评价得出了复合光催化材料TiO_2-CeO_2在隧道钢渣沥青混合料中的最佳用量.结果表明:将复合纳米光催化材料应用于隧道钢渣沥青混合料中,在纳米TiO_2的掺量为50%、纳米CeO_2掺量为0.7%时会达到光催化效率、光催化效能的峰值,该掺量下对NO和HC的降解效率峰值高达89%和95%,30 min内降解速率分别高达626.3 mg/(m~3·min)和74.75 mg/(m~3·min),且隧道钢渣沥青混合料的路用性能符合要求.     

纳米TiO2光催化降解甲醛的影响因素及动力学研究

本文通过自制光催化反应系统,研究了纳米TiO2光催化降解甲醛的过程,考察环境相对湿度、光照强度、气体流量、甲醛初始浓度等因素对甲醛的气相光催化降解反应的影响,并在此基础上建立了甲醛的光催化降解动力学方程。结果表明：纳米TiO2光催化降解甲醛最佳相对湿度为50%,气体流量为1.2 L/min,光降解率并不会随光照强度的增加无限制地增大,甲醛初始浓度增加将降低光催化氧化降解速率。光催化氧化动力学研究表明该过程可以采用朗格缪尔-欣伍德（Langmuir-Hinshelwood,L-H）动力学方程来表征。其速率方程式为 。     

光催化防火涂料的制备及对甲醛气体降解实验研究

利用溶胶凝胶法制备了TiO2粉体,同时使用磷酸氢二钠、十水合四硼酸钠和氢氧化镁制备阻燃胶体液,二者复合制备了具有自洁净特性的光催化防火涂料.利用该防火涂料对甲醛气体的光催化降解进行了实验研究.研究结果表明：该防火涂料在焙烧温度520℃发挥最佳的降解甲醛气体效果,随着初始浓度的升高降解率也不断升高,一级动力学方程表明紫外光光照40 min后,甲醛气体降解率达到68.98%.进一步添加聚乙二醇和银离子使涂料改性,使涂料光催化甲醛的活性分别提高了11%和14%,效果显著.     

TiO2光催化臭氧氧化降解全氟辛酸的研究

TiO_2光催化臭氧氧化可以有效降解全氟辛酸(PFOA),反应4 h后的脱氟率达到44.3%.考察了PO_4~(3-)、PFOA初始浓度、反应温度对PFOA脱氟率的影响.结果表明,TiO_2光催化臭氧氧化降解PFOA过程发生在催化剂表面,PFOA和O_3在TiO_2表面的吸附是降解反应发生的必要条件;反应过程的前半段温度占主导因素,脱氟率随温度升高而升高,反应过程的后半段吸附作用影响更大,温度越低脱氟率反而越高;降解过程中产生的中间产物主要是5种短链全氟羧酸化合物,包括C_6F_(13)C_OOH、C_5F_(11)C_OOH、C_4F_9C_OOH、C_3F_7C_OOH和C_2F_5C_OOH.TiO_2光催化臭氧氧化降解PFOA的机理类似于Photo-Kolbe反应.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to