淫羊藿苷的提取分离与含量测定的研究

用超声醇提法、超声水提法、乙醇回流法从淫羊藿中提取苷类化合物，并进行初步分离，测其含量，结果表明：超声醇提法所得产品中淫羊藿苷含量最高，为72．2％；乙醇回流法次之，为64．3％；超声水提法最低，为62．8％。在该实验中，最佳提取方案是在40℃条件下，70％乙醇超声提取2次，每次30min，溶剂用量依次为药品用量的13倍、8倍。     

微波技术应用于银杏黄酮浸提的研究

以银杏叶为原料，研究了微波技术在银杏黄酮浸提中的应用．实验通过改变溶剂浓度、提取时间、料液比等条件对产品提取得率的影响进行了探讨，并比较了传统浸提法、微波法、微波结合浸提法三种方法的提取，结果表明微波法提取银杏黄酮是一种快速、高效、节能的新型提取方法，具有一定的实用价值．     

正交试验法优选养心安神颗粒醇提工艺

优选养心安神颗粒的最佳醇提取工艺.采用正交试验法以含五味子醇甲的量、干膏得率为指标,考察乙醇体积分数、溶剂倍数、提取时间和提取次数四因素对醇提工艺的影响.色谱条件:Diamonsil C18色谱柱(5μm,4.6 mm×250 mm);流动相为甲醇-水(55:45);流速1.0 mL/min;柱温30℃.结果确定养心安神颗粒的最佳醇提取工艺为70％的乙醇溶液提取3次(第1次8倍量,第2次6倍量,第3次4倍量),每次2 h.优选的醇提工艺合理,验证了优选醇提工艺的可行性,为养心安神颗粒醇提取工艺的确定提供了实验依据.     

灵芝主要有效成分超声提取工艺的优化

目的研究灵芝三萜和灵芝多糖的超声提取工艺.方法采用超声波辅助法,探讨了提取剂的pH(碱醇)、提取剂用量、提取温度、超声时间4个因素对灵芝三萜提取效果的影响,并用无水乙醇做对照实验.探讨超声时间、提取温度、提取剂用量3个因素对灵芝多糖提取效果的影响.结果醇的pH和超声时间对灵芝三萜的提取效果有明显影响,其他两因素影响效果不大;提取时间和提取温度两个因素对灵芝多糖提取效果达到极显著水平.结论灵芝三萜最佳提取条件为:乙醇用量30倍+提取温度60℃+提取时间60 min+碱醇pH8.5,对无水乙醇调pH可以明显提高乙醇提取灵芝三萜的能力;灵芝多糖提取最佳条件为:超声提取时间55 min+提取温度55℃+提取剂用量50倍.     

从鱼腥草中提取鱼腥草素分离工艺研究

利用溶剂提取法从鱼腥草中提取鱼腥草素．研究了乙醇浓度、固液比、提取时间、提取温度等工艺条件对鱼腥草素提取率的影响,最佳提取工艺条件为:以50%乙醇溶液为溶剂,固液比1:30,温度50℃,时间65min,提取率可达11．0%．     

溶剂热法从银杏叶中提取银杏黄酮的研究

采用溶剂热法提取银杏黄酮,利用高效液相色谱进行含量分析,通过正交实验对影响提取率的主要因素进行了考察。研究结果表明溶剂热法提取银杏黄酮的最佳条件为：乙醇体积分数70%,溶剂体积对样品质量比为40mL/g,热处理温度和时间为90℃下加热3h。与传统的热回流提取法相比,溶剂热法在提取银杏黄酮时具有提取率高、操作简便、无污染等优点。     

正交设计法优选银线莲黄酮类化合物提取工艺研究

本实验采用正交设计法对银线莲黄酮类化合物提取工艺参数进行优化.以黄酮提取率为指标,以乙醇浓度、提取时间、料液比、提取温度、萃取液比为考察因素,采用正交试验优选最佳提取工艺.结果表明最佳提取工艺应为在80℃条件下提取,乙醇浓度90％,提取时间为2.0h,料液比1：20,萃取液用量为提取液的0.75倍,最后黄酮得率为1.697％.     

竹叶总黄酮提取工艺研究

探讨用醇提法提取竹叶中黄酮类成分的最佳工艺,为竹叶的开发利用提供理论依据。以竹叶为试材,以乙醇为溶剂,采用分光光度法对竹叶中的黄酮类化合物的含量进行测试。通过单因素实验研究乙醇浓度、料液比、提取温度、提取时间对总黄酮提取率的影响,再采用正交试验法优化提取总黄酮的最佳工艺条件。单因素实验和正交试验表明：影响黄酮提取率的因素主次顺序是：料液比〉乙醇浓度〉提取温度〉提取时间。最佳实验条件为料液比1：20,60%的乙醇,60℃提取4h,竹叶中黄酮的含量为7.88mg.g-1。     

以乙醇、乙醇/水为溶剂提取白桦树皮中桦木醇的工艺研究

分别以乙醇、乙醇/水、水为提取剂,研究从白桦树皮中提取桦木醇的工艺,确定了用乙醇作提取剂的最佳提取工艺条件:固液比(g∶mL)为0.083,抽提时间6,h;分别用异丙醇和乙醇作溶剂,通过两步重结晶操作,纯化桦木醇,得到桦木醇产品的产率达19.8%,熔点257.7～258.9,℃,纯度98%.     

红枣芦丁提取工艺的研究

研究了从红枣中提取芦丁的工艺条件。实验结果表明,用热水提取芦丁,加水量为原料重量的17倍,提取温度为70℃,时间60min;用乙醇提取芦丁,75％的乙醇溶液的用量为原料重量的16倍,提取温度75℃,时间120min。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.