基于Kriging模型的大客车侧翻安全性多目标优化

建立某型客车的有限元模型,依据ECE R66法规对客车侧翻安全性进行了多目标优化.根据侧翻仿真结果,选取客车上部结构关键零件截面形状为变量,以最大质心加速度和质量为目标,以侧围立柱与地板间夹角θ为约束条件,并结合最优拉丁方试验设计法生成了高精度的Kriging模型.利用NSGA(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm)-II算法对大客车侧翻安全性进行了多目标优化并得到了Pareto最优解集.优化结果表明利用截面形状优化法可以在质量增加较小的条件下提高整车的侧翻安全性能.     

基于ECE R66号法规的客车车身截段侧翻试验方法

客车车身截段侧翻试验是ECE R66号法规规定的等效试验方法之一。国内对客车车身截段侧翻试验相关研究较少,本文在经过大量试验数据分析的基础上,对客车车身截段试验的重心匹配技术、试验车身段的选取等关键影响因素进行了研究,研究成果可对我国GB 17578修订后的标准实施提供一定程度的技术指导。     

客车侧翻碰撞中安全带对乘员损伤的影响分析

参照欧洲ECE R66法规要求,建立客车侧翻仿真模型及其乘员约束系统模型。利用LS_DYNA软件对客车侧翻碰撞试验和客车座椅动态试验进行模拟分析,并与试验结果进行对比,结果表明,有限元模型具有较高的精度。将4个HybridⅢ50%男性假人模型放置在客车最薄弱的车身段座椅上。对客车侧翻过程中,3种约束条件(无安全带、两点式安全带和三点式安全带)的乘员损伤情况进行分析。研究结果表明:无安全带约束时,假人头部和颈部将受到严重损害;两点式安全带和三点式安全带对于所有假人颈部及胸部的保护效果相近;两点式安全带能有效降低大部分假人的头部损伤风险,但碰撞侧外侧假人头部损伤值仍较高。     

纯电动客车侧碰撞有限元建模及仿真分析

以有效开展纯电动客车侧碰撞仿真为目标,建立了纯电动客车BK6122EV整车骨架、覆盖件、动力电池包有限元模型以及移动壁障有限元模型,按照碰撞法规对车体后部(后轮后)位置进行了侧后碰撞仿真,分析了电动客车车身、动力电池包在碰撞过程中的变形情况,评价了动力电池包在碰撞过程中的安全性,指出了电池箱门骨架刚度小、电池模块固定能力差、碰撞区侧围骨架缓冲吸能能力弱等影响安全性的缺陷.      

侧翻安全性的校车侧围结构轻量化设计

根据《客车上部结构强度的规定》对校车车身结构侧翻安全性的规定,建立和验证某校车有限元分析模型.采用均匀设计方法对校车的侧围结构厚度参数进行多水平多因素实验设计和侧翻仿真分析,并拟合实验设计数据获得轻量化水平较优的因素水平组合.结果表明:在侧围结构满足法规对生存空间要求的前提下,选择因素水平组合U₂₄₆₅并参考实际型钢的厚度规格(1(1.0,1.0),2(2.0,1.5),3(3.0,2.0),4(2.5,2.0)),可使侧身结构质量轻量化24.39%.     

基于HyperMesh的6125型大客车正碰安全性研究

以6125型客车为研究对象,利用CATIA软件对该型客车车身骨架进行建模,通过HyperMesh软件进行网格划分,建立有限元模型,应用非线性有限元软件LSDYNA对该客车有限元模型进行正面碰撞仿真计算。参照欧盟ECE R94《正面碰撞乘员保护》标准和美国FMVSS208《碰撞的乘员保护》标准中对碰撞的变形和碰撞安全性的要求,提出增加前段地板骨架及车架(司机地板区域)纵梁厚度以及增加前围保险杠和吸能盒的改进方案。结果表明,该优化方案达到了行业标准的要求,可为大客车碰撞事故分析及改进提供参考。     

一种新的客车侧翻试验仿真评价方法

 依据有限元建模理论,建立整车车身骨架有限元模型,介绍并分析了在真实试验中和在仿真试验中对生存空间现有的评价方法,针对在仿真试验中现有生存空间评价方法的不足,提出了一种新的评价方法——穿透式生存空间评价方法。运用新的评价方法对有限元模型进行仿真试验,仿真试验结果表明：客车上部结构侵入到生存空间,该客车不满足法规要求。之后,针对该车上部结构强度的不足之处,对车体结构提出合理的改进方法,即将车体结构改成封闭环结构和在腰梁与地板横梁连接部位加入脚板,进一步的仿真试验验证了结构改进后的模型满足法规要求。从而验证了新的评价方法是一种简单实用、准确可靠的方法,也为国内客车生产厂家侧翻试验有限元分析提供借鉴和参考。     

某款半承载式客车车身有限元建模的分析研究

客车车身骨架的设计直接影响客车安全性、寿命等性能.为了更真实的模拟车架强度和刚度,文章建立了某客车车身骨架的纯梁、梁体和梁板3种有限元模型;分析了在各种工况下不同模型的静态特性,找出应力应变分布的特点;结合该款客车电测试验结果,得到了此款客车最佳的有限元模型.     

减少侧面碰撞假人胸部肋骨变形量的方法研究

基于某型车在未配置侧面座椅安全气囊和帘式气囊的情况下,由于假人胸部肋骨变形量存在超标问题,对车型进行综合分析和成本考虑,故采用通过对座椅骨架的局部优化来改善假人背板受力情况,以降低假人胸部肋骨变形量,从而使其满足欧洲经济委员会法规ECE R95和中国汽车侧面碰撞标准GB 20071-2006要求.试验结果表明,优化座椅骨架的局部结构来改善假人背板受力情况,进而降低了假人胸部肋骨变形量,满足了ECE R95和GB 20071-2006法规要求.     

基于ECE R66号法规的客车车身截段侧翻试验方法研究

客车车身截段侧翻试验是ECER66号法规规定的等效试验方法之一。国内对客车车身截段侧翻试验相关研究较少,本文在经过大量试验数据分析的基础上,对客车车身截段试验的重心匹配技术、试验车身段的选取等关键影响因素进行了研究,研究成果可对我国GB17578修订后的标准实施提供一定程度的技术指导。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.