玉米弯孢叶斑病菌ATMT转化条件优化及转GFP单孢的获得

为了明确玉米弯孢叶斑病菌的侵入机理,对农杆菌介导法（ATMT）转化弯孢叶斑病菌的条件进行了探究。以农杆菌AGL-1为侵染菌系、pCAMDGFP作为转化载体。结果表明,玉米弯孢叶斑病菌的ATMT最佳转化条件为：分生孢子萌发12 h后,与农杆菌在25℃黑暗条件下共培养48 h,共培养介质为微孔滤膜。转化效率可达到100～1...     

Proteomic comparison of four maize inbred lines with different levels of resistance to Curvularia lunata(Wakker)Boed infection

Protein profiles of leaves in four maize inbred lines with different disease resistance to pathogen Curvularia lunata(Wakker)Boed were studied by two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE)and mass spectrometry.Proteins were extracted from the forth leaf of maize seedlings 24 h after fungal inoculation,and fractionated by polyethylene glycol to precipitate the most abundant leaf protein,Rubisco,before gel separation.Protein profiles from 2-DE showed that total numbers of protein spots were increased in all four inbred lines inoculated with C.lunata CX-3 strain compared with the control.The numbers of changed protein spots in abundance were higher in resistant inbred lines than in susceptible ones,which implied that resistant inbred lines were more sensitive than susceptible ones to pathogen infection.Among proteins identified by MALDI-TOF MS,germin-like protein GLP and translation initiation factor eIF-5A were supposed to play important roles in maize resistance against C.lunata infection.     

Comparative proteomic analysis of the response in resistant and susceptible maize inbred lines to infection by Curvularia lunata

Proteins differentially expressed from maize leaves in response to the infection by Curvularia lunata strain CX-3 were identified through a high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) method. Two inbred lines, 78599-1 and E28, were used, respectively, as resistant and susceptible lines to CX-3 infection. Proteins were extracted from the fourth leaves of six- or seven-leaf stage plants sampled at 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 h after inoculation with CX-3. Twenty-seven differentially expressed protein spots resolved on the 2-DE gels were identified by MALDI-TOF MS/MS. The results showed that these proteins are associated with photosynthesis, respiration,oxidative and drought stress tolerance as well as signal transduction in maize. Among stress-related proteins, the 22 kDa drought-inducible protein, putative glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and translation initiation factor (eIF-5A) were up-regulated in the resistant inbred line and were implicated in host defense response to C. lunata infection. It suggests that drought-inducible and oxidation stress-related proteins might directly contribute to maize resistance to C. lunata.     

Proteomic comparison of four maize inbred lines with different levels of resistance to Curvularia lunata （Wakker） Boed infection

Protein profiles of leaves in four maize inbred lines with different disease resistance to pathogen Curvularia lunata(Wakker)Boed were studied by two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE)and mass spectrometry.Proteins were extracted from the forth leaf of maize seedlings 24 h after fungal inoculation,and fractionated by polyethylene glycol to precipitate the most abundant leaf protein,Rubisco,before gel separation.Protein profiles from 2-DE showed that total numbers of protein spots were increased in all four inbred lines inoculated with C.lunata CX-3 strain compared with the control.The numbers of changed protein spots in abundance were higher in resistant inbred lines than in susceptible ones,which implied that resistant inbred lines were more sensitive than susceptible ones to pathogen infection.Among proteins identified by MALDI-TOF MS,germin-like protein GLP and translation initiation factor eIF-5A were supposed to play important roles in maize resistance against C.lunata infection.     

化学农药对玉米中后期几种病虫害的田间防治效果

在玉米抽雄期喷施化学农药防治玉米生长中后期的几种病虫害,结果表明,40%氯虫·噻虫嗪WG 225 g/hm2剂量对玉米螟虫和蚜虫均有较高的防治效果,田间防效分别为81.08%和89.91%,小区产量比对照增加20.8%.10%吡虫啉WP 450 g/hm2剂量对蚜虫的防效为63.64%,对玉米螟虫效果较差.12.5%烯唑醇WP 450 g/hm2剂量对玉米锈病的防效为76.60%.30%苯甲·丙环唑对小斑病和弯孢霉叶斑病的防效分别为62.04%和51.72%.氯虫·噻虫嗪与烯唑醇混合喷施对中后期的玉米螟虫、蚜虫和锈病具有较好的控制作用.     

河北省丝孢菌的研究：Ⅱ.弯孢属

对弯孢属(Curvularia Boedijn)的分类学作了简短的阐述。报道了河北省弯孢属真菌的10个种,其中4种为国内新记录种,5种为河北省新记录种。国内新记录种是枝孢弯孢(C.brachyspora Boedijn),香茅弯孢(C. cymbopogonis Grove & Skolko),中隔弯孢(C. intermedia Boedijn)和管突弯孢(C. protuberata Nelson & Hodyes);河北省新记录种是须芒草弯孢(C. andropogonis (zimm.)Boedijn),苍白弯孢(c.pallescens Boedijn),棒状弯孢(C. clavata Jain),膝曲弯孢(C. geniculata(Tracy & Earle)Boedijn)和近缘弯孢(C. affinis Boedijn)。文中有种的鉴定特征描述和分种检索表。     

用同工酶分析法鉴定黑杨派无性系

<正>本试验采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳,分析了黑杨派13个无性系。试验表明,美洲黑杨,欧洲黑杨及其杂种欧美杨的过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱图式有明显的差异。美洲黑杨具有3—4条谱带,Rf值为0.667的谱带是美洲黑杨特有的。加龙杨(Populus nigra cv.‘blanc de garonne’)是典型的欧洲黑杨,具有7条谱带,Rf值为0.533和0.613的谱带是欧洲黑杨特有的。欧美杨无性系具有4—8条谱带,其酶谱图式是不同的。高优势的欧美杨杂种兼有美洲黑杨和欧洲黑杨的谱带。 黑杨派各无性系的谱带数不同,其Rf值亦有差异。有的无性系酶谱相近似,Rf值相同,但在酶的活性上却有明显的不同。我们认为,用同工酶分析法对黑杨派无性系进行鉴定是可行的。     

Graphene/SrTiO3 hetero interface studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

The present paper focuses on study of graphene and strontium titanate(SrTiO_3 or STO) interface. An ambient pressure chemical vapour deposition(AP-CVD) setup is used to grow graphene on STO(110)substrates in the presence of methane, argon and hydrogen gases at 1000 °C for 4 h. Raman spectroscopy measurements confirm the presence of graphene on STO substrates due to the existence of typical D and G peaks referring to graphene. These characteristic peaks are missing in the spectrum for bare substrates.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) is carried out for elemental analysis of samples, and study their bonding with STO substrates. We employed the valence band spectrum to calculate the valence band offset(VBO) and conduction band offset(CBO) at the G-STO interface. Also, we present an energy band diagram for Bi-layer and ABC(arranging pattern of carbon layers) stacked graphene layers.     

芦笋雌雄性别间同工酶酶谱的比较分析

采用聚丙烯酰胺不连续垂直平板凝胶电泳(PAGE)技术,对芦笋雌雄株叶片中的过氧化物酶(POD)、酯酶(EST)、谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)和淀粉酶(AMY)同工酶进行了比较分析.结果表明,芦笋雌株与雄株之间的过氧化物酶及酯酶同工酶酶谱存在显著差异,过氧化物酶在雄株中比在雌株中多了Rf值为0.86的一条酶带;酯酶在雄株中多了Rf值为0.18和0.30的两条酶带.谷氨酸脱氢酶和淀粉酶在雌雄株间具有相同的酶谱带,没有表现出性别差异.     

Structure of an ABC transporter in complex with its binding protein

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins carry diverse substrates across cell membranes. Whereas clinically relevant ABC exporters are implicated in various diseases or cause multidrug resistance of cancer cells, bacterial ABC importers are essential for the uptake of nutrients, including rare elements such as molybdenum. A detailed understanding of their mechanisms requires direct visualization at high resolution and in distinct conformations. Our recent structure of the multidrug ABC exporter Sav1866 has revealed an outward-facing conformation of the transmembrane domains coupled to a closed conformation of the nucleotide-binding domains, reflecting the ATP-bound state. Here we present the 3.1 A crystal structure of a putative molybdate transporter (ModB2C2) from Archaeoglobus fulgidus in complex with its binding protein (ModA). Twelve transmembrane helices of the ModB subunits provide an inward-facing conformation, with a closed gate near the external membrane boundary. The ATP-hydrolysing ModC subunits reveal a nucleotide-free, open conformation, whereas the attached binding protein aligns the substrate-binding cleft with the entrance to the presumed translocation pathway. Structural comparison of ModB2C2A with Sav1866 suggests a common alternating access and release mechanism, with binding of ATP promoting an outward-facing conformation and dissociation of the hydrolysis products promoting an inward-facing conformation.     

牡丹品种酯酶同工酶分析

<正>牡丹为我国特有名花,具有很高的观赏价值。应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法检测了49个品种的酯酶同工酶,其总酶带数为34条。可分为三个区段,第1区段Rf=0.14～0.26,第Ⅱ区段Rf=0.31～0.66,第Ⅲ区段Rf=0.7～0.92。根据各酶带出现的频率,计算各品种间酶带的不相似值,经Q型聚类分析,可分为8个类别。并以类间与类内的不相似系数,绘出各类间遗传距离图。     

石刁柏器官发生型和胚胎发生型愈伤组织增殖过程中同工酶差异的研究

石刁柏器官发生型愈伤组织(OTC)和胚胎发生型愈伤组织(ETC)的增殖曲线均呈“S”型,可分四个时期。ETC的平均增殖率是OTC的1.45倍。在ETC中POD和SOD的活性高于OTC,而在ETC中NSE的活性低于OTC。在OTC和ETC中分别具有一条Rf=0.052和0.072专一的POD同工酶酶带,及分别具有一条Rf=0.75和0.55专一的ESA同工酶酶带。     

解淀粉芽孢杆菌Q426可湿性粉剂的研制

通过对载体、润湿剂、分散剂、紫外保护剂的筛选,确定了解淀粉芽孢杆菌Q426可湿性粉剂的最佳配方。最终所得制剂中载体D10％、润湿剂6％、分散剂6％、紫外保护剂0．5％。测得制剂的芽孢数量为2．82×10”efu·g-1,润湿时间为43s,悬浮率为76％,指标均达到国家标准及预期目标。     

介质厚度对一维三元结构光子晶体透射谱的影响

用传输矩阵法研究各介质层厚度对一维三元光子晶体（CBA）m（ABC）m透射谱的影响,结果发现：在很宽的禁带范围内,仅出现一条透射峰,且随着m的增加透射峰越加精细;随着A、B、C各介质层厚度的增加,透射峰均向长波方向移动,三者厚度同时增加时透射峰移动速度最快,单层厚度增加时,增加C层厚度透射峰移动最快,B层次之,A层最慢;随着各层介质厚度增加,光子禁带向长波方向移动,各层厚度同时增加时主禁带移动的速度最快,单层厚度增加时,移动速度快慢依次为C层、B层、A层。随着各层介质厚度同时增加或是C、A单层增加,禁带加宽,但B层厚度增加禁带反而变窄。一维三元结构光子晶体的这些特性,为光子晶体设计不同频率范围的光学滤波器、反射器等提供指导。     

复超球上H~p函数的一个特征

本文给出Ｃｎ单位球上Ｈｐ函数的一个特征，即ｆ∈Ｈｐ（Ｂ）（０＜ｐ＜＋∞）当且仅当∫Ｂ（１－｜ｚ｜）｜ｆ（ｚ）｜Ｐ－２｜（Ｒｆ）（ｚ）｜２ｄυ（ｚ）＜＋∞，其中Ｒｆ是ｆ的径向导数     

几类特殊图的ABC能量

图G的ABC能量定义为图G的ABC矩阵的n个特征值的绝对值之和，记为EABC(G)＝|(n)λi|.该文利用图的ABC能量的定义和性质，结合几类特殊图的结构，分析了路图、星图、完全图、完全二部图、友谊图以及风车图的ABC特征多项式，给出了ABC能量，并给出了路图、星图、完全图分别删去一条边后其ABC能量的变化趋势.     

湖北神农架自然保护区土壤中的暗色丝孢菌I.(英文)

采用土壤平板法和稀释平板法,自湖北神农架自然保护区的14份土壤样品中分离得到40个暗色丝孢菌分离物,鉴定为16属23种。其中,湖北弯孢Curvularia hubeiensis为一新种,嗜热革节孢Scytalidium thermophilum和禾色串孢Torula graminis为中国新记录种。对新种及中国新记录种作了详细的描述。其余20种为国内已报道种。所有研究菌株的干制培养物标本与活菌种均存放在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP)。     

Complexes of MADS-box proteins are sufficient to convert leaves into floral organs

Genetic studies, using floral homeotic mutants, have led to the ABC model of flower development. This model proposes that the combinatorial action of three sets of genes, the A, B and C function genes, specify the four floral organs (sepals, petals, stamens and carpels) in the concentric floral whorls. However, attempts to convert vegetative organs into floral organs by altering the expression of ABC genes have been unsuccessful. Here we show that the class B proteins of Arabidopsis, PISTILLATA (PI) and APETALA3 (AP3), interact with APETALA1 (AP1, a class A protein) and SEPALLATA3 (SEP3, previously AGL9), and with AGAMOUS (AG, a class C protein) through SEP3. We also show that vegetative leaves of triply transgenic plants, 35S::PI;35S::AP3;35S::AP1 or 35S::PI;35S::AP3;35S::SEP3, are transformed into petaloid organs and that those of 35S::PI;35S::AP3;35S::SEP3;35S::AG are transformed into staminoid organs. Our findings indicate that the formation of ternary and quaternary complexes of ABC proteins may be the molecular basis of the ABC model, and that the flower-specific expression of SEP3 restricts the action of the ABC genes to the flower.     

单个红细胞的拉曼光谱研究

研究了不同物种的血红细胞的拉曼光谱,采用一个波长为785nm的半导体激光束来囚禁血红细胞和激发血红细胞的拉曼光谱。结果显示不同物种血红细胞的拉曼光谱在1603cm^-1苯丙氨酸和色氨酸的C=C平行振动模及1616cm^-1酪氨酸和色氨酸的C=C拉伸模有明显的差异,这可以用来作为不同种血红细胞鉴定的特征标记。表明激光镊子拉曼光谱技术可以成为血红细胞分析的有效手段。