等离子发射光谱法同时测定西红柿叶标样(ESP-1)中铜、锌等含量

采用微波消解技术对西红柿叶标准样品(ESP-1)进行前处理,用等离子发射光谱法同时测定西红柿叶标准样品(ESP-1)中铜、锌、铁、锰、铅、镉的含量,结果表明:该方法快速准确,对同时测定植物样品以及其它固体样品中多种金属元素的含量具有很好的参考价值.     

微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定植物油中铅的方法研究

建立微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(AAS)测定植物油中重金属元素铅。研究了微波消解体系和消解条件,优化了植物油样品用硝酸微波消解分解,不需赶酸,直接定容上机测定。实验结果表明,采用本方法省时省试剂,避免沾污或赶酸损失,降低空白值,具有样品消解快、彻底、待测元素损失少等优点,为食用植物油重金属铅检测提供技术支持。     

基于凹凸棒土的水杨酸表面印迹聚合物的制备及吸附性能评价

以水杨酸(SA)为模板分子,改性凹凸棒土为载体,制备表面印迹聚合物(MIP)。用静态吸附实验考察MIP的吸附性能,用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X线衍射仪(XRD)和Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)比表面积及孔径分析仪表征MIP表面官能团、晶体结构和孔结构。结果表明:MIP对水杨酸的吸附约在120 min达到平衡且动力学符合准二级动力学模型,Langmuir方程能较好地解释吸附等温行为且为单层吸附。初始pH通过影响吸附剂与SA间的氢键而影响MIP对模板分子的吸附,MIP具有较好的再生性能。MIP相对于非印迹聚合物(NIP)对SA有更好的选择吸附性能。     

锡铅合金中高含量锡,铅的火焰原子吸收测定

提出了用混合酸（盐酸＋硝酸）溶解样品，在混合酸介质中，于同一份溶液里，用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定锡铅合金中主含量元素锡、铅。该法简便。快速，实用，共存离子不相互干扰，回收率在９８％￣１０２％间，所测样品和国家标准样品均获得令人满意的结果。     

茶园土壤中铅形态分布与茶叶中铅质量分数关系的研究

基于茶园土壤中0~100 cm剖面不同层位各种形态铅及茶叶样品中总铅质量分数(w)的测定分析结果,定量分析了各种形态铅在不同土壤层位中的w及其分布特点,同时利用灰色关联度分析方法,估算了土壤剖面不同层位中5个形态铅即可交换态(EXE)、碳酸盐结合态(CA)、铁锰氧化物结合态(OX)、有机结合态(OM)和残渣态(REX)的w与茶叶中总铅w的相关性.研究结果显示:茶园土壤中不同形态铅w在所测剖面范围内的平均值由大到小排序为:w(REX)>w(OX)>w(OM)>w(CA)>w(EXE);同一剖面内铅的分布特点为:w(EXE),w(OM),w(REX)为表层高于底层,w(CA)和w(OX)则是底层高于表层;各形态铅所占总铅的比例,随其在土壤剖面各层中w值的变化而变化,其中EXE铅在各土壤层中所占比例最小,REX铅所占比例最大(除底层外);灰色关联度分析结果显示,茶叶中的铅w与不同形态铅在土壤各层中的w均呈正相关,但关联度最大的是EXE铅,其次为OM铅,且以表层土壤中的铅对茶叶中铅的w影响最大.     

信阳地区常见食用菌重金属含量的测定及安全性评价

对信阳地区市售鲜食用菌香菇、黑木耳、银耳样品中的铅、镉、汞、砷含量进行检测,并结合国家卫生质量标准(GB7096-2014)及食用菌行业标准(NY 749-2012)对被测食用菌的重金属含量进行安全评价。结果表明,信阳地区市售食用菌的重金属含量总体上是安全的。     

茶园土壤中铅形态分布与茶叶中铅质量分数关系的研究

基于茶园土壤中0～100 cm剖面不同层位各种形态铅及茶叶样品中总铅质量分数(w)的测定分析结果,定量分析了各种形态铅在不同土壤层位中的叫及其分布特点,同时利用灰色关联度分析方法,估算了土壤剖面不同层位中5个形态铅即可交换态(EXE)、碳酸盐结合态(CA)、铁锰氧化物结合态(OX)、有机结合态(OM)和残渣态(REX)的w与茶叶中总铅硼的相关性.研究结果显示:茶园土壤中不同形态铅w在所测剖面范围内的平均值由大到小排序为:叫(REX):>w(OX)>硼(0M)>w(CA)>w(EXE);同一剖面内铅的分布特点为:w(EXE),w(OM),w(REX)为表层高于底层,w(CA)和w(OX)则是底层高于表层;各形态铅所占总铅的比例,随其在土壤剖面各层中w值的变化而变化,其中 EXE铅在各土壤层中所占比例最小,REX铅所占比例最大(除底层外);灰色关联度分析结果显示,茶叶中的铅叫与不同形态铅在土壤各层中的w均呈正相关,但关联度最大的是EXE铅,其次为OM铅,且以表层土壤中的铅对茶叶中铅的w影响最大.     

原子吸收分光光度法测定焊锡材料中的锡和铅

提出了一种用原子吸收分光光度法测定焊锡材料中主含量元素锡和铅的方法 :先用盐酸和硝酸的混合酸溶解样品 ,然后用原子吸收分光光度计直接测定焊锡材料中主含量元素锡和铅。其共存离子不干扰 ,回收率在 99%～ 10 2 %之间 ,所测结果与国家标准方法测定结果相符 ,且测定所需时间短     

悬浮液进样原子吸收法测定鲜贻贝中的镉和铅

本文对悬浮液进样、平台石墨炉原子吸收法测定鲜贻贝中镉、铅含量的研究结果表明:悬浮液进样法所测值与湿法消化法之间无显著性差异.但该法简化了操作步骤,节省了时间,避免了样品在消化过程的损失和污染。本文提出的方法相对偏差:铅为3.7％(10次),镉为11.3％(9次);加入回收率:铅为98～100％(6次),镉为93.9％～102.1％(6次)。     

铀-铅测年数据聚焦分析

铀-铅同位素测年是最古老和最精确的地质年龄测定方法。该方法还包括钍-铅年龄测定,是利用母同位素（放射性元素铀、钍）与其衰变形成的子同位素（铅同位素）的相对丰度测定样品年龄的方法。锆石是最常用的铀-铅同位素测年矿物,其他矿物如独居石、晶质铀矿、沥青铀矿、钍矿等也可以用于测年。随着计算机技术、质谱技术的不断发展,铀-铅同位素地质年代学获得了突飞猛进的发展,并推动了整个地球科学的发展。目前,铀-铅同位素测年已广泛应用于测定成岩和成矿年代,以及岩石成因、壳幔相互作用、区域地质演化等研究。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.