固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料La1-x Srx Fe1-y Mny O3-δ的合成与性能表征

固体氧化物燃料电池技术提供清洁、高效的发电方式。La1-x Srx Fe1-y MnyO3-δ（LSFM）钙钛矿作为中温固体氧化物阴极材料受到人们的关注。本文用柠檬酸盐法合成了La1-x SrX Fe1-y Mny O3-δ（x=0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4；y=0．1，0.2，0．3）钙钛矿阴极材料。使用同步热分析仪（TG／DTA）研究了钙钛矿结构的形成历程。XRD衍射结果证明单一钙钛矿相的最佳形成温度是800℃。采用直流四探针法测试了样品的电导率，其中La0.6 Sr0.4 Fe0.9 Mn0．1O3-δ。显示了最高值。用碘量法测量了LS-FM中的非化学计量氧值。随着sr与Fe的增加，非化学计量氧值增大。通过XRD与SEM分析，La0.06 Sr0.4 Fe0.9 Mn0.1O3-δ与La0.9 Sr0.1 Ga0.8 Mg0.2 O3-δ之间显示出较好的化学和热相容性。结果表明LSFM有望作为中温固体氧化物燃料电池的阴极材料。     

固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料La1-xSrxFe1-yMnyO3-δ的合成与性能表征

固体氧化物燃料电池技术提供清洁、高效的发电方式。La1-xSrxFe1-yMnyO3-δ(LSFM)钙钛矿作为中温固体氧化物阴极材料受到人们的关注。本文用柠檬酸盐法合成了La1-xSrxFe1-yMnyO3-δ(x=0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4;y=0.1,0.2,0.3)钙钛矿阴极材料。使用同步热分析仪(TG/DTA)研究了钙钛矿结构的形成历程。XRD衍射结果证明单一钙钛矿相的最佳形成温度是800℃。采用直流四探针法测试了样品的电导率,其中La0.6Sr0.4Fe0.9Mn0.1O3-δ显示了最高值。用碘量法测量了LS-FM中的非化学计量氧值。随着Sr与Fe的增加,非化学计量氧值增大。通过XRD与SEM分析,La0.6Sr0.4Fe0.9Mn0.1O3-δ与La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-δ之间显示出较好的化学和热相容性。结果表明LSFM有望作为中温固体氧化物燃料电池的阴极材料。     

熔融碳酸盐燃料电池新型阴极材料的耐蚀性能

通过对几种新型的钙钛矿结构材料在熔融碳酸盐燃料电池(MCFC)熔盐电解质(Li0.62K0.38) CO3中的耐蚀性能的研究,探讨了这些材料用作MCFC阴极的可行性.研究表明:SrFe0.5Co0.zO3虽然有着优良的混合导电特性,但在高温熔盐中腐蚀严重;La0.8Sr0.2MnO3,La0.8Sr0.2Ce0.1Mn0.9O3和La0.8Sr0.2Ni0.1Mn0.9O3在高温熔盐中严重锂化,且Sr大量溶解;而经Li2O掺杂的LaMnO3(Li与La的摩尔比为1:1),在高温熔盐中的稳定性良好.     

La2/3Sr1/3Mn1-xCoxO3(x=0,0.2,0.25)体系的热膨胀和电性能研究

制备了钙钛矿锰氧化物La2/3Sr1/3Mn1-xCoxO3(x=0,0.2,0,25)体系,研究该材料的热膨胀性能和电输运性质.研究发现,所有样品具有相近的热膨胀性能,200-800 ℃温区内的平均线热膨胀系数约为1.2×10-5K-1;x=0和x=0.2掺杂样品在高温下的电输运机制符合小极化子模型;x=0.25掺杂样品具有最高的电导率,在800℃时的电导率为100S/cm.     

聚丙烯酰胺溶胶凝胶法制备LaxSr1-xMO3纳米粉体

用一种新方法-聚丙烯酰胺溶胶凝胶法合成了广泛应用于中温固体氧化物燃料电池关键材料的钙钛矿型纳米粉体:La0.8Sr0.2MnO3(LSM)、La0.8Sr0.2CrO3(LSC)和La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg 0.2O3(LSGM).用TG-DSC和X射线衍射仪分析了钙钛矿相的形成过程,以TEM 观察了不同纳米粉体的颗粒尺寸及其形貌特征.研究结果表明聚丙烯酰胺溶胶凝胶法为省时、效率高的一种钙钛矿型复合氧化物纳米粉体制备过程,用该方法合成钙钛矿纳米粉体成相温度低,有利于提高纯度,有效降低团聚现象.     

Mn掺杂La0．1Sr0．9TiO3中温热敏电阻研究

为了探索钙钛矿结构复合金属氧化物中温热敏电阻材料,对La0.1Sr0.9TiO3掺杂Mn元素.研究发现,采用Mn部分替代La0.1Sr0.9TiO3的Ti导致电阻率和热常数B显著变小.对于Mn掺杂量为0 1的样品,其在300 ℃时的电阻率为3 0×102 Ω·m,热常数B为5 900 K;而未掺杂的样品电阻率高达9 8×104 Ω·m,B为13 000 K.掺Mn还显著抑制了材料电阻随时间的漂移.这可能缘于掺Mn后形成了Mn3+-O-Ti4+键,电子的传导机理发生了变化.Mn掺杂的La0.1Sr0.9TiO3有希望作为中温热敏电阻应用.     

中温固体氧化物燃料电池复合阴极材料的性能

利用甘氨酸法合成复合材料La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ-Ce0.8Ca0.2O1.9,该材料作为中温固体氧化物燃料电池的阴极材料被研究,XRD、SEM-EDS、O2-TPD等被用于检测材料的各种性能.得到优化的合成温度是1 100 ℃,在该温度条件下晶粒的平均粒径为400 nm,而且所合成的样品的元素比与所设计的化学计量比吻合.LSCF70-CDC的电导率在700℃温度下最高.氧的解吸结果表明结构中存在着几种不同类型的氧.     

La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-δ的甘氨酸-硝酸盐燃烧法制备和表征

分别采用固相反应法、甘氨酸一硝酸盐燃烧法合成了具有钙钛矿结构的中温固体电解质La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-δ（LSGM）。用XRD、直流四电极和扫描电镜分析了电解质的晶体结构、电化学性能和显微结构。扫描电镜分析表明：用甘氨酸-硝酸盐燃烧法制备LSGM成相温度低,1400℃烧结2h即可获得单相的LSGM。SEM表明烧结体具有良好的微观结构。用甘氨酸-硝酸盐燃烧法制备的LSGM在850℃时的电导率为0.1 S·cm-1,高于固相反应法制备的样品的电导率。与固相反应法制备LSGM相比,用甘氨酸-硝酸盐燃烧法合成LSGM有利于降低烧结温度,提高纯度,改善电解质的性能。     

BaCo_(0.7)Fe_(0.2)Nb_(0.1)O_(3-δ)钙钛矿型混合导体透氧膜的性能

混合导体固体透氧膜与POM制氢工艺相耦合,可以较大幅度地降低制氢成本.由于透氧膜在高温、强还原性气氛下工作,仅仅具有较高的透氧能力并不能满足实际应用需求,还必须具有较高的化学稳定性.通过O2-TPD,CO2-TG及透氧实验研究了两种透氧能力最高的膜材料BaCo0.7Fe0.2Nb0.1O3-δ及Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ.研究发现,由于Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ钙钛矿中A位的Sr2+被Ba2+取代及B位的Co4+部分被Nb5+取代,有效地提高了BaCo0.7Fe0.2Nb0.1O3-δ钙钛矿材料的化学稳定性.     

中温固体氧化物燃料电池PrBa0.5Sr0.5Co2O5+δ-Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95复合阴极的性能研究

采用固相法制备PrBa0.5Sr0.5Co2O5+δ(PBSC)中温固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料.研究结果表明:PrBa0.5Sr0.5Co2O5+δ为正交钙钛矿结构.交流阻抗谱的测试结果表明,PBSC-40%GDC电极在800℃时的极化电阻为0.039Ω.cm2.以电解质为支撑体的单电池在800℃时的功率密度达到645 mW.cm-2.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to