NdB2Cu3O7—x／YBa2Cu3O7—y高温超导薄膜的稳定性研究

采用脉冲激光沉积方法，在钇稳定氧化锆（YSZ）衬底上制备了YBa2Cu3O7-y高温超导薄膜和NdB2Cu3O7-x/YBa2Cu3O7-y双层高温超导薄膜。X射线衍射分析结果表明，NdB2Cu3O7-x/YBa2Cu3O7-y双层膜在结晶度、表面光滑平整度和稳定性方面优于YBa2Cu3O7-x薄膜；电阻－温度曲线测量结果表明，NdB2Cu3O7-x/YBa2Cu3O7-y双层膜的转变温度为87.66K，转变宽度为0.34K;YBa2Cu3O7-y薄膜的则分别为86.64K和0.95K。与YBa2Cu3O7-y薄膜相比，NdB2Cu3O7-x/YBa2Cu3O7-y双层膜稳定性更高，在超导电子器件领域更具有应用潜力。     

添加剂对电泳法制备YBa2Cu3O7-δ超导涂层的影响

第二代高温超导带材YBa2Cu3O7-δ(YBCO)具有高载流能力、高不可逆场、低交流损耗和高转变温度,成为当前的热点研究对象.采用低成本的电泳沉积技术在Hastelloy合金上成功制备了YBCO超导层.添加剂对电泳液的稳定性及涂层性能有着重要影响.实验研究了添加剂(种类选择及添加量)与YBCO超导层的关系.结果表明,添加005gPVB时所制备的样品具有较好的超导电性,其临界电流密度可达100A/cm2(0T,77K).     

La部分替代Y对YBa2Cu3O7-δ氧传感器性能的影响

在Al2O3衬底上制备了Y1-xLaxBa2Cu3O7-δ(0≤x≤0.15)厚膜,研究了La部分替代Y对YBa2Cu3O7-δ氧传感器性能的影响和x=0.05样品的电阻与温度和氧分压的关系.与未掺杂膜相比较可看出,各组样品仍然表现出YBCO的基本性质,其中Y0.95La0.05 Ba2Cu3O7-δ样品表现出较高的灵敏度和较短的恢复时间,是替代 YBa2Cu3O7-δ作为氧传感器的良好的材料.     

高温超导薄膜的微波表面阻抗测量

本文介绍了用高温超导薄膜YBa2Cu3O7(YBCO)/LaAlO3(LAO)和Tl2Ba2CaCu2O10(TBCCO)/LAO制作共面微带谐振器的方法及进行微波表面阻抗测量的原理和相关技术.实验结果表明:温度较低时(对YBCO/LAO,T<70K;对TBCCO/LAO,T<80K),薄膜表面电阻随温度没有显著的变化.7GHz频率下TBCCO/LAO薄膜在77K和94K时的微波表面电阻值分别为120μΩ和250μΩ;同频率下YBCO/LAO薄膜在49K和77K时的微波表面电阻值分别为309μΩ和520μΩ.     

La0．67Ca0．33MnO3／YBa2Cu4O8／La0．67Ca0．33MnO3三效应研究层膜的时间

报导了La0．67Ca0．33MnO3／YBa2Cu4O8／La0．67Ca0．33MnO3薄膜中超导特性的时间效应。样品在空气中存放11个月后，超导转变温度都降低，而且每个系列样品的临界厚度增加。对用La0．67Ca0．33MnO3作保护层的YBa2Cu4O8薄膜进行时间效应测量，结果表明当La0．67Ca0．33MnO3层的厚度大于40nm时可以防止水对YBa2Cu4O8薄膜的影响。     

Ca掺杂的Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ超导体实验

应用固态反应法,制备了Ca掺杂的Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ(x=0、0.1、0.2、0.3)超导粉体及超导块体。主要研究了Ca掺杂对Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ超导体显微结构及捕获磁通能力的影响。结果表明,掺Ca量为x=0.2的Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ超导体,晶粒进一步长大呈棒状,晶粒尺寸在15 um左右,各晶粒间紧密结合,晶界尤为明显;其捕获磁场的峰值随外加磁场的增大而变化的幅度最小,这表明合适的摻Ca量为x=0.2。本实验对制备高临界电流密度Jc的YBa2Cu3O7-δ超导体具有重要意义。     

脉冲激光沉积YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)薄膜表面形态研究

用脉冲激光沉积法,在SrTiO3基板上获得YBa2Cu3O7-δ超导薄膜．对其超导性能、晶体结构、原子尺度的平面形态和均匀性等进行研究．观察到YBa2Cu3O7-δ超导薄膜的原子图像．     

高温超导陶瓷材料的实验研究

讨论了高温超导陶瓷YBa2Cu3O9-x体系的研制方法，研究了各种因素对YBa2Cu3O9-x体系电特性的影响，通过X射线衍射分析及扫描电镜观测，确定了该样品为钙钛矿结构，并获得了零电阻为98K的高温超导陶瓷材料，它具有良好的抗磁性，同时，还探讨了烧制TlBaCaCu2Oy新体系的工艺条件，获得了零电阻为116．5K的Tl系超导陶瓷材料，该材料具有良好的抗磁性。     

氧离子束辅助激光制备平面织构的YBCO膜

应用氧离子束辅助准分子脉冲激光沉积薄膜技术 ,先在不锈钢基底上室温下淀积出平面织构的钇稳锆(YSZ)缓冲层薄膜 ,再在YSZ/不锈钢上 750℃下制备出了平面织构和高临界电流密度YBa2 Cu3 O7-x(YBCO)薄膜 .YSZ和YBCO薄膜都为C 轴取向和平面织构的 ,YSZ( 2 0 2 )和YBCO( 1 0 3 )的X射线 (扫描衍射峰的全宽半峰值分别为 2 0°和 1 2°.YBCO薄膜的临界温度和临界电流密度分别为 91K(R =0 )和 7.2× 1 0 5A/cm2 ( 77K ,无外磁场 ) .     

BaTi0.99Fe0.01O3-Tb1-xDyxFe2-y复合双层结构中的磁电效应

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了BaTi0.99Fe0.01O3粉体,在1 350℃烧结成圆片状多晶样品.结构分析表明BaTi0.990.99Fe0.01O3依然是四方相钙钛矿结构,但是居里温度及相变潜热比纯净BaTiO3均略低.将BaTin0.99Fe0.01O3与Tb1-xDyx Fe2-y复合构成双层膜.研究了该层状结构的磁电(ME)效应.在2.8 kA/m的低磁场下,得到该双层膜最大横向磁电系数.并且BaTi0.99Fe0.01O3-Tb1-xDyx Fe2-y双层膜的横向磁电系数比BaTiO3-Tb1-xDyx Fe2-y双层膜的横向磁电系数大50%.因此掺杂BaTiO3可望成为ME复合结构中压电相的一个理想选择.另外由于不含铅、锆等有害物质,符合环保要求;改性的BaTiO3具有深入研究和应用价值.     

硅和蓝宝石基底上的高T_c薄膜

使用多层沉积和大块沉积两种技术，在硅和蓝宝石的单晶基底上沉积了Yba2XCu3O7高Tc薄膜,实验显示：在硅基底上得到了转变温度为80K的期待结果．     

Spontaneous macroscopic magnetization at the superconducting transition temperature of YBa2Cu3O(7-delta)

A noteworthy feature of the high-temperature superconductors is the unconventional symmetry of the superconducting order parameter. Several experiments have established that the order parameter has a four-fold d(x2 - y2) symmetry under rotation of the lattice (the order parameter of conventional superconductors is, in contrast, isotropic). An intriguing and much debated possibility is that, in certain cases, an additional imaginary component might be present, having an isotropic s-wave or d(xy) symmetry. A consequence of a complex order parameter of the form d(x2 - y2) + id(xy) is that it would break both reflection (parity, P) symmetry and time-reversal (T) symmetry, a clear signature of which would be the spontaneous appearance of a macroscopic magnetization at the superconducting transition temperature. Broken T symmetry has been reported, but searches for the effects of combined P and T symmetry breaking have so far yielded null results. Here we report the observation of a weak (approximately 10(-5) gauss) magnetic field that appears spontaneously at the superconducting transition temperature of epitaxial thin films of YBa2Cu3O(7-delta). The magnetic signal originates near the edges of the samples. One interpretation for this observation is that the order parameter carries an intrinsic angular momentum, related to the breaking of P and T symmetries, but other possibilities cannot yet be excluded.     

钙钛矿La2/3Ca1/3MnO3/YBa2Cu4O8/La2/3Ca1/3MnO3三层薄膜的磁输运性能

高温超导材料YBa2Cu4O8(YBCO)和铁磁材料La2／3Ca1／3MnO3(LCMO)形成的三层薄膜LCMO／YBCO／LCMO由对靶溅射技术制得．与YBCO单层薄膜相比，由于超导／铁磁系统中的磁性邻近效应，三层薄膜表现出较低的超导转变温度(Tc,ON)．与LCMO单层膜相比，三层薄膜的金属半导体转变温度(TMS)被提高并且强烈依赖于YBCO层的厚度．随中间层厚度的变化，磁电阻显示出非单调行为，长振荡周期被发现．结果表明，当YBCO处于正常态时两层LCMO膜之间存左着磁性自旋相互作用．     

Fabrication of MgB_2 superconducting films by different methods

MgB2 superconducting films have been successfully fabricated on single crystal MgO(111) and c-AL2O3 substrates by different methods. The film deposited by pulsed laser deposition is c-axis oriented with zero resistance transition temperature of 38.4 K, while the other two films fabricated by chemical vapor deposition and electrophoresis are c-axis textured with the zero resistance transition temperature of 38 K and 39 K, respectively. Magnetization hysteresis measurements yield critical current density Jc of 107 A/cm2 at 15 K in zero field for the thin film and of 105 A/cm2 for the thick film. For the thin film deposited by chemical vapor deposition, the microwave surface resistance at 10 K is found to be as low as 100μΩ, which is comparable with that of a high-quality high-temperature superconducting thin film of YBCO.     

Phase transitions in the incoherent lattice fluctuations in YBa2Cu3O(7-delta)

The growing body of experimental evidence for the existence of complex textures of charges and spins in the high-temperature superconductors has drawn attention to the so-called 'stripe-phase' models as a possible basis for the mechanism of superconductivity in these materials. Such observations have until now been restricted to systems where the texture dynamics are slow or suppressed altogether, and do not include the important case of YBa2Cu3O(7-delta). It seems likely that the dynamic behaviour of stripes, which has been suggested to undergo several phase transitions as a function of temperature, should also be reflected in the lattice properties of the host materials, and this forms the motivation for our present experiments. Specifically, we use MeV helium ion channelling, an ultrafast real-space probe of atomic displacements (with sub-picometre resolution), to probe incoherent lattice fluctuations in YBa2Cu3O(7-delta) as a function of temperature and oxygen doping. We detect lattice fluctuations that are larger than the expected thermal vibration component, and which show anomalies characteristic of the phase transitions anticipated for a dynamic stripe phase. Comparison of our lattice results with single-particle-tunnelling and photoemission data highlights the importance of spin-charge separation phenomena in the copper oxide superconductors.     

草酸盐一次共沉淀法制备YBa2Cu3O7—x超导体

用改进的双流加料共沉淀法和恰当的草酸盐沉淀剂组成,克服了草酸盐一次共沉淀不完全的缺点;依据共沉淀的钇钡铜草酸盐样品在净化氧气氛中的 DTA/TG 曲线特征,拟定共沉淀样品的合理灼烧程序,以防止混合草酸盐样品内部氧化还原的急剧反应,致使部分 Cu~(2+)被还原为 Cu~0,并释放出大量气体。按此法制得的高温超导体样品,经XRD,SEM,TEM,F_C,J_C 测定,说明样品属 YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x)斜方晶系;而且该样品未经研磨、压片和重新烧结,T_C 即已达到 91K,说明本方法具有一定的实用意义。     

La2/3Pb1/3MnO3外延膜的结构及磁电特性研究

通过射频磁控溅射法在单晶LaAlO3(100)衬底上成功的沉积了膜厚为300 nm的La2/3Pb1/3MnO3外延膜。利用X射线衍射仪、原子力和超导量子干涉仪、直流四探针法对其结构、磁电特性进行了系统的研究。结果表明,薄膜为赝立方钙钛矿结构,沿(100)方向择优生长,具有良好的单晶外延结构。居里温度TC=345 K,在居里温度附近,发生铁磁-顺磁转变。此材料呈现出一种典型的自旋玻璃特性,是由于应力造成的。对于顺磁态、自旋玻璃态及铁磁态时其磁矩分布给予了合理的解释。在1 T磁场下,其磁电阻极大值为23.4%。     

One-dimensional nature of the magnetic fluctuations in YBa2Cu3O6.6

There is increasing evidence that inhomogeneous distributions of charge and spin--so-called 'striped phases'--play an important role in determining the properties of the high-temperature superconductors. For example, recent neutron-scattering measurements on the YBa2Cu3O(7-x) family of materials show both spin and charge fluctuations that are consistent with the striped-phase picture. But the fluctuations associated with a striped phase are expected to be one-dimensional, whereas the magnetic fluctuations observed to date appear to display two-dimensional symmetry. We show here that this apparent two-dimensionality results from measurements on twinned crystals, and that similar measurements on substantially detwinned crystals of YBa2Cu3O6.6 reveal the one-dimensional character of the magnetic fluctuations, thus greatly strengthening the striped-phase interpretation. Moreover, our results also suggest that superconductivity originates in charge stripes that extend along the b crystal axis, where the superfluid density is found to be substantially larger than for the a direction.     

高温氧化物超导体氧含量的测定

用碘滴定法测定了高温氧化物超导体LLa2-xBaxCuO4-y在不同掺杂浓度下和YBa2Cu3O7-y在不同淬火温度下的氧含量，得到了氧含量与掺杂浓度x和淬火温度T的关系．     

Two-dimensional geometry of spin excitations in the high-transition-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O6+x

The fundamental building block of the copper oxide superconductors is a Cu4O4 square plaquette. The plaquettes in most of these materials are slightly distorted to form a rectangular lattice, for which an influential theory predicts that high-transition-temperature (high-T(c)) superconductivity is nucleated in 'stripes' aligned along one of the axes. This theory received strong support from experiments that indicated a one-dimensional character for the magnetic excitations in the high-T(c) material YBa2Cu3O6.6 (ref. 4). Here we report neutron scattering data on 'untwinned' YBa2Cu3O6+x crystals, in which the orientation of the rectangular lattice is maintained throughout the entire volume. Contrary to the earlier claim, we demonstrate that the geometry of the magnetic fluctuations is two-dimensional. Rigid stripe arrays therefore appear to be ruled out over a wide range of doping levels in YBa2Cu3O6+x, but the data may be consistent with liquid-crystalline stripe order. The debate about stripes has therefore been reopened.