直接数字频率合成及其杂散分析

直接数字频率合成采用全数字技术，具有分辨力高、频率转换快和相位噪声低等优点。该文介绍了直接数字频率合成原理，分析了在没有相位截断和Ｄ／Ａ转换器理想情况下，正弦波输出及脉冲输出中的杂散分量．     

基于DDS技术的L波段收发系统设计

提出了以直接多通道数字频率合成(DDS)技术为基础设计的收发系统,应用到连续波体制穿墙动目标探测雷达的设计方案。讨论了DDS技术和连续波体制雷达原理和特点。在该系统中,采用了多通道同时输出、切换速率快和低相位噪声的DDS频率合成源,为工程实现雷达发射输出复杂调制波形,以及多通道信号的相位一致性提供了很好的解决途径。     

L波段FH频率合成器的设计与实现

设计具有快速频率捷变与低相位噪声性能的Ｌ波段ＦＨ频率合成器,利用ＤＡＣ电路对ＶＣＯ控制电压进行快速预置,大大缩短了频率捷变时间,优选环路分频比Ｎ值和参考分频比Ｒ值,使输出频率与Ｎ值呈非线性关系,即采用非等间隔频方式,有效降低了因环路分频分Ｎ过大的输出相位噪声,当参考源使用普通晶体时,测量结构表明：频率捷变时间〈１０μｓ,输出单边带相位噪声谱密度约为－７０ｄＢ／Ｈｚ（偏离载频１ｋＨｚ）。     

一种极化和频率捷变主动雷达信号处理技术

为提高现代制导雷达的电子战性能,该文提出了一种频率和极化捷变的雷达系统,探讨了相应的信号处理技术。阐述了极化捷变单脉冲雷达系统的原理和结构,介绍了2种极化和频率捷变雷达发射信号波形,根据雷达目标的极化散射理论,建立了相应的全极化回波信号模型。在回波信号处理过程中,对回波信号进行正交解调和采样,经过目标和干扰信号的极化参数估值、极化匹配计算,实现了对目标的有效检测,最后利用可靠的目标信号数据进行单脉冲测角和跟踪。该文还探讨了极化捷变体制和频率捷变体制之间的兼容性问题。理论分析和仿真实验表明,当目标和干扰在极化域可分辨时,极化捷变技术可提高传统频率捷变雷达的抗干扰能力。     

锁相式雷达频率合成器的相位噪声分析

本文详细分析混频锁相式雷达频率合成器的各组成部分的相位噪声情况,从中得出了各环节的相位噪声对输出相位噪声的影响,并给出了系统输出的总相位噪声表达式。     

一种低杂散低相位噪声频率合成器的设计

本文介绍了一种宽频带、捷变频、低相位噪声、低杂散的频率合成器,并对主要指标的进行了分析,实际设计的频率合成器达到了预期目标。在设计中,采用了微波电路计算机辅助设计(CAD)软件对部分电路进行了设计、优化和仿真,提高了设计效率和产品可靠性。     

基于DDS的LFM信号发生器的FPGA设计

直接数字频率合成技术DDS,在现代雷达信号波形产生中具有重要的地位。文章主要介绍了基于FPGA的DDS设计的基本原理、电路结构和设计优化方法;利用Altera公司Cyclone系列芯片采用线性插值法进行设计实现与仿真,并且很方便地实现线性调频信号(LFM)的产生;它具有较高的频率分辨率、频率转换速度快以及相位噪声低等优点。     

程控直接数字合成的相位噪声

程控直接数字频率合成技术在雷达和其他系统中应用非常广泛 .先从相位控制出发导出相位噪声 ,并就相位噪声进行了分析 ,给出了相位噪声矢量的一种新的求法 .最后在实测的基础上对相位噪声的特性作了实际的分析和研究 .     

一种双环锁相频率合成器的研究

频率合成器对现代雷达性能有着重要的影响,文章介绍了一种S波段数字锁相频率合成器的实现,该合成器采用了主辅环双环锁相设计,降低了环路等效分频系数,有效解决了合成器相位噪声、频谱纯度、宽频带和微型化等综合性问题,成本低廉,综合性能优良;文章对主、辅环路相位噪声进行了分析、计算;最后给出了研究结果.该合成器已应用于现代多普勒雷达系统.     

雷达发射机频率稳定度的研究

研究了雷达发射机发射频率不稳定对目标显示MTI雷达改善因子的影响,提出了在不增加雷达系统设备的条件下,利用数字稳定单元DSU的雷达发射样本采样值计算发射机频率稳定度的方法.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…