MoSi_2基复相材料的研究进展

通过对MoSi2 复相材料近年来研究进展的总结 ,阐述了合金化和复合化对MoSi2 基复相材料性能的改善 .着重叙述了MoSi2 SiC系复相材料的制备方法 ,以及增强相的含量对力学性能的影响 .研究结果表明 ,通过基体的改性和复合化 ,使复相材料的强韧性得到很大程度的提高 ,而不同的制备工艺所得到材料的性能有成倍的差异 .因此 ,协同优化增强剂种类、数量和多种制备工艺的有机结合 ,是制备高性能复相材料的关键 .同时 ,介绍了几种有发展前景的复相材料 ,并提出了MoSi2基复相材料的研究发展趋势 .     

高岭土原位碳热还原制备Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷材料的研究

详细介绍了利用高岭土通过原位反应及热压烧结制备Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷材料.探索了以天然矿物高岭土,碳作为原材料,低成本合成制备高性能Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷的新方法.首先,在原位碳热还原反应中,高岭土和碳在流动氩气氛中合成制备Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷粉,对合成反应的热力学过程进行理论分析和实验研究,对合成的Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷粉进行了DTA和XRD分析,分析表明陶瓷粉的合成过程分两步,第一步是高岭土自身的脱水,第二步是SiO2被还原的过程及制备出Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷粉.研究表明,最佳的粉末合成温度为1550℃;其次,Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷粉通过热压烧结合成制备Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷,烧结助剂的添加有助于降低烧结温度.复相陶瓷抗弯强度达到420 MPa,相对密度达到98%,硬度HRA89.     

纳米TiO_2的低温制备及光催化活性研究

以钛酸丁酯为前躯体,在低温(40℃)下制备了TiO2薄膜,并评价其光催化活性.结果表明:在40℃条件下制备的光催化剂,具有锐钛矿相和板钛矿相两种晶相,粒径为5 nm.光催化甲醛实验表明,制备的TiO2薄膜不需经过高温处理,光照2 h甲醛的降解率达60%,且稳定性较好,可重复使用.     

等离子热喷金属有机物液料制备TiO_2纳米颗粒

为了制备有光催化作用的纳米TiO2,采用等离子喷涂设备热喷金属有机物液料,在不同电弧功率条件下,用钛酸丁酯的乙醇溶液作为喷涂原料,制备出了纳米TiO2颗粒.用透射电镜和X射线衍射仪分析了颗粒的显微组织和晶型结构。计算了颗粒中的锐钛矿相和金红石相的质量分数与晶粒尺寸.研究表明,液料等离子喷涂制备的纳米TiO2颗粒平均粒径为10-50nm,其晶型为具有光催化作用的锐钛矿相和金红石相,锐钛矿相为主,且随着电弧功率的增大,锐钛矿质量分数减少.     

特殊形貌Cu_2O的制备及其光催化性能研究

以Cu(NO_3)_2为铜源、葡萄糖为还原剂,利用不同种类模板剂,制备出不同形貌的Cu_2O.讨论了NaOH用量对产物晶相的影响;还原剂用量、模板剂种类对产物晶相、形貌及光催化活性的影响.研究发现还原剂用量、模板剂种类对制备出的Cu_2O的形貌有很大影响,而对晶相影响不大;所制备出的催化剂对甲基橙则表现出一定的降解率及显著的吸附性.由于制备出的Cu_2O光催化活性不高,于是在制备Cu_2O过程中加入异丙醇钛,得到Cu_2O-TiO_2复合催化剂.研究发现Cu_2O-TiO_2的光催化性能与纯Cu_2O相比有所提高.     

La2Mo2O9氧离子导体的合成及XPS研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了La2Mo2O9氧离子导体,并利用XRD、X射线光电子能谱对其制备条件和氧物种进行了分析.研究表明,凝胶前驱体在600℃焙烧可以形成La2Mo2O9晶相.提高焙烧温度,有利于晶粒生长和致密化.XPS分析表明,La2Mo2O9中金属离子均处于其最高价态,只有晶格氧物种存在,没有吸附态的氧物种.高温相中各元素的结合能均较低温相高,可能归结于高温相立方结构中金属和氧的键合程度高于其在低温相的键合程度.     

双频大气压冷等离子体射流制备TiO_2的表面形貌研究

利用N_2携带先驱体钛酸异丙酯,通过双频驱动的Ar/O_2大气压冷等离子体制备了TiO_2薄膜,探究了不同放电参数对TiO_2表面形貌的影响.研究结果表明,不同的放电参数可以制备出纳米纤维状、球状和塌陷的球状不同形貌的TiO_2.制备的TiO_2包含锐钛矿相和金红石相.同时利用光谱仪和射频分析仪对离子体的光学特性和电学特性进行了检测.     

自蔓延高温合成MgB2粉末

利用自蔓延高温合成法成功制备了MgB2粉末.通过热力学计算、X射线衍射图谱分析了各相生成的先后顺序及转化关系,探讨了合成反应产物中的相组成、MgB2的分解温度等.结果表明,自蔓延高温合成法能制备无MgB4等杂质相的单相MgB2,且晶粒细小易于分解.     

羟基磷灰石/钛网状复合材料的制备及其性能

以Ca(OH)2和H3PO4为反应物,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了羟基磷灰石(HA)粉体;用机械混合法制备了TiH2包覆HA的粉体;用热压法制备了纯HA陶瓷材料及HA/Ti复合材料.XRD相分析结果表明:通过溶胶-凝胶法制备的HA粉体,经过900℃煅烧2 h后,粉体的主晶相为HA,有少量的CaO;HA/TiH2包覆粉末经1 050℃热压后,复合材料中的主要相是HA和Ti,同时出现了Ca2P2O7和Ca3(PO4)2相.1 050℃热压的HA/25%Ti(体积分数)复合材料的断裂韧性为2.4 MPa.m-1/2,抗弯强度为54 MPa,均高于纯HA材料.显微组织的观察表明金属钛在材料中呈网状分布,网状...     

负载型纳米TiO2/Al光催化降解丙酮

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以钛酸丁酯为原料在酸浸蚀的A l片上制备了纳米级的TiO2薄膜光催化剂,并用XRD、SEM等技术对薄膜进行表征.研究了在紫外光照射下,负载型TiO2/A l催化剂对丙酮的光催化降解行为.表明,将TiO2制备成负载型纳米TiO2/A l薄膜,可有效地抑制TiO2在高温下由锐钛矿相到金红石相的转变,提高了TiO2的光催化活性.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.