高铝硅氰化渣中铁回收工艺

研究一种处理磁选前高铝硅氰化渣的新工艺。采用复合添加剂焙烧-水浸-磁选工艺对一种铁品位为27.69%(质量分数),SiO2含量为23.9%,Al2O3含量为6.35%的高铝硅氰化渣进行杂质与铁分离的研究。研究结果表明:在最佳焙烧条件下,当水浸温度为60℃,液固比为15:1,水浸时间为5 min,转速为20 r/min,在激磁电流为2 A时,可获得铁品位57.11%,铁的回收率为72.58%的铁精矿。铁的品位和回收率都比单纯的复合添加剂还原焙烧-磁选法所获得的铁精矿的指标高,铁的品位提高了10%左右,回收率提高了30%左右。X线荧光(XRF),X线衍射(XRD)及能谱(EDS)分析研究结果表明:经水浸后,复合添加剂焙烧过程中所产生的可溶性复杂杂质化合物被洗除,不溶性物质经磁选后随之进入非磁性物,实现铁与杂质矿物之间的有效分离。     

湖南某伟晶岩型钽铌矿资源综合利用研究

为实现对某伟晶岩型钽铌矿床的绿色、资源化高效利用,采用XRF,XRD,SEM-EDS和化学定量分析等检测手段分析钽铌原矿性质,通过重选、浮选和磁选研究钽、铌及非金属矿物的回收,并考查回收的长石、石英和云母矿物的应用.研究结果表明:原矿金属矿物主要为钽铌锰矿和细晶石,非金属矿物主要为长石、石英和云母;Ta2O5和Nb2O...     

从底吹转炉含铌渣中提取铌化学精矿

对包头底吹转炉含铌渣用硫酸—过氧化氧法进行了提取铌化学精矿的实验室研究。原渣含Nb_2O_55～8％。经破碎、球磨及除铁后加浓硫酸及硫酸铵在200～250℃进行硫酸化焙烧。焙烧渣在固∶液=1∶3,硫酸酸度为4N及低于25℃的条件下用过氧化氢浸出。滤液经煑沸分解过氧化氢络合物以沉淀铌酸。铌由渣中浸出率为81～85％,由液中沉淀率为95～99％,总回收率为79～82％。铌化学精矿含Nb_2O_5>65％。     

石煤氧化焙烧-酸溶液浸出提钒工艺

针对某地石煤原料组成特点,为提高石煤中钒的浸出率本试验采用氧化焙烧-酸溶液浸出提钒的工艺,研究了焙烧温度,添加剂氯化钠的用量,焙烧时间,酸浸出液用量及浸出温度时间对钒浸出率的影响.结果表明:,焙烧水浸后渣再用稀酸浸出的方法,钒的浸出率可提高10 %左右,钒的浸出率可达到75 %~80 %.     

利用硫酸铵焙烧工艺提取硼精矿中的硼

为了更加合理有效地利用硼精矿,以辽宁硼铁矿经磁选得到的硼精矿为原料,采用硫酸铵焙烧的方法处理得到熟料,将熟料加水溶出、固液分离得到含硼溶液和提硼渣,含硼溶液用于提取硼酸,提硼渣可用于提取SiO2和MgO.通过单因素实验考察了焙烧温度、焙烧时间、铵矿比对B2O3浸出率的影响.通过正交试验得到提取B2O3的适宜工艺条件为:焙烧温度400℃,焙烧时间90 min,铵矿比1.6,该条件下B2O3的浸出率可达85%以上.对原料及提硼渣进行化学成分和物相组成分析,结果表明本工艺可使大部分硼化物生成可溶物并被提取出来,可实现硼精矿的绿色综合利用.     

NbH还原制备新型电容器阳极材料低价铌氧化物

采用NbH还原Nb2O5工艺制备低价铌氧化物粉末,经压制成型、阳极烧结、阳极氧化工艺,获得电性能优良的低价铌氧化物电解电容器阳极。采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、成分分析及电容器阳极电性能检测等方法,对比研究高能球磨与玛瑙研磨2种不同混料工艺。研究结果表明:高能球磨工艺制备的低价铌氧化物有明显片式化现象,粒度小,比容可达107.00 mF.V.g-1,但球磨过程中引入的杂质难以在后续的洗涤过程中彻底除去,导致阳极漏电流大。用正交试验法及方差分析对玛瑙研磨工艺进行优化,得到制备低价铌氧化物最佳条件是:焙烧温度为1 000℃,焙烧时间为40 min,NbH用量与理论量之比为1.1,所制得的产物杂质含量低,比容为69.50mF.V.g-1,损耗为11.25%,漏电流为1.8×10-4A.F-1.V-1,其电性能指标高于FTa16—300电容器钽粉国家标准(GB/T 3136—1995)所规定的值。     

钛白废酸无焙烧直接浸出提钒短流程新工艺及装备研究

钒钛磁铁矿是我国主要提钒资源,广泛地分布于我国的攀枝花、承德地区。以钠化焙烧—水浸为代表的焙烧浸出工艺存在着污染环境、金属回收率不高的问题,目前正被逐步改进。据统计每生产1 t钛白粉就会排出20%的废酸8~10 t,而中国钛白行业年产废硫酸达到600万吨,直接排放将造成严重的环境污染。该报告围绕无焙烧直接加压酸浸提钒技术中的直接加压酸浸、浸出液中有价元素分离、新型加压连续浸出反应器研发、系统内物流循环与利用、浸出渣的综合利用、工艺放大等研究内容进行,通过相关研究取得以下成果:(1)研究并对比了无焙烧常压酸浸、无盐氧化焙烧常压酸浸、无焙烧氧压酸浸3种提钒过程的现象,结果表明:相比无焙烧常压酸浸、无盐氧化焙烧常压酸浸等2个工艺,明显地具有反应快速、高效的特点。(2)采用硫酸体系加压浸出四川攀枝花地区的转炉钒渣,矿物学表明,转炉钒渣中的主要物相为尖晶石相、钛铁矿相以及铁橄榄石。加压浸出过程中,铁橄榄石和尖晶石相逐渐分解,钒、铁被浸出进入浸出液,部分未反应的钛、硅相在浸出渣中富集。(3)对该技术核心加压酸浸过程进行了放大实验研究,对实验室研究结果进行了验证,放大实验研究结果表明:钒的浸出率随着初始酸度的增加而增加,随着液固比的增大而增大。在加压温度150℃,硫酸浓度300 g/L,搅拌转速300 rpm,浸出时间90 min,液固比8∶1的条件下,钒的浸出率可达到99.10%。(4)提钒酸浸液萃取最优工艺条件为:常温,还原剂用量20 g/L、浸出液p H=2.0、有机相组成为20%P2O4,5%TBP,75%磺化煤油、相比(O/A)=1∶1、震荡时间5 min,钒的一级萃取率达到74.49%,Fe的萃取率仅为1.92%。在最优条件下,进行4级错流萃取,钒的总萃取率可达97.89%。以硫酸为反萃液进行反萃,其最优工艺条件为:反萃时间t=4 min、反萃液浓度200 g/L、反萃相比(O/A)=1∶1时,钒的反萃率达到98%以上。     

用液膜技术分离铌(Ⅴ)和钽(Ⅴ)

探索用液膜技术提取铌(Ⅴ)的实验条件.采用HNO3-HF体系溶解Nb2O5和Ta2O5,经试验以仲辛醇为载体时,铌(Ⅴ)的萃取受H+浓度和HF浓度的控制;以TNOA为载体时,在6 mol.L-1H2SO4-2 mol.L-1HF介质中能对铌(Ⅴ)进行有效的萃取.根据铌(Ⅴ)和钽(Ⅴ)的萃取条件,采用液膜技术对铌、钽进行分离.结果表明,以仲辛醇为载体,在6 mol.L-1H2SO4-0.5 mol.L-1HF介质中,能对铌、钽进行有效的分离.     

用液膜技术分离铌（Ⅴ）和铌（Ⅴ）

探索用液膜技术提取铌 ( )的实验条件 .采用 HNO3- HF体系溶解 Nb2 O5和 Ta2 O5,经试验以仲辛醇为载体时 ,铌 ( )的萃取受 H 浓度和 HF浓度的控制 ;以 TNOA为载体时 ,在 6mol·L-1H2 SO4 - 2 mol· L-1HF介质中能对铌 ( )进行有效的萃取 .根据铌 ( )和钽 ( )的萃取条件 ,采用液膜技术对铌、钽进行分离 .结果表明 ,以仲辛醇为载体 ,在 6mol· L-1H2 SO4 - 0 .5mol· L-1HF介质中 ,能对铌、钽进行有效的分离 .     

矿样中镍的二次强化浸出及X-射线衍射分析

采用焙烧、水浸实现了原生硫化镍钼矿中镍和钼的分离.对得到的矿渣进行二次强化浸出,考察得到的较优工艺条件为:酸浸后的矿样在固液比为1:6、浸出温度95℃、超声波振荡、浸出时间为4 h、硫酸浓度为15%和加入0.5 g添加剂条件下,镍渣中镍的二次强化浸出率为56.37%,总浸出率达到69.34%.并通过X射线衍射图谱,对矿样中镍的物相及走向进行了初步分析.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.