海洋水文预报方法研究

海洋水文预报是对一定海域未来一定时段内的水文状况作出的预测和通报,是海洋环境预报的重要内容。文章结合工作实际,通过对水文预报中＂经验统计预报＂和＂数值预报＂理论的论述,提出海流数值分析预报、回归分析预报和海浪预报的基本方法。     

我国海浪理论及预报研究的回顾与展望

作者从海浪谱,海浪统计分析,海浪预报方法及动力机制,破碎波和近岸的海浪5个方面回顾与总结了我国在海浪理论及预报研究方面所取得的成果,最后对我国新世纪的海浪研制做一展望。     

基于交叉谱法的C波段机载SAR海浪反演

传统的初猜谱海浪反演方法,需要先使用海浪预报模式来获取初猜谱,其优劣直接影响着反演的精度。为了摆脱对初猜谱的依赖,在不需要先验信息的情况下实现海浪反演,提出了基于交叉谱法的海浪反演方案。该方案采用C波段全极化机载SAR探测数据,利用全极化信息反演海面风矢量,作为WVW算法的风场输入,再通过WVW算法获取海浪谱,进而提取海浪信息。研究结果表明,海浪反演精度得到显著提高,海浪传播180°模糊问题也得到了有效解决。该方案对机载SAR海浪反演业务化应用具有借鉴意义。     

三维随机海浪模拟研究

三维随机海浪的模拟对于研究海浪的本质特征以及海浪对船舶结构物的作用等问题有重要意义。讨论了基于海浪谱特性模拟海浪的方法,对线性叠加原理的两种方法(频率等分法和能量等分法)的优缺点进行了分析,采用能量等分法对三维随机海浪进行了模拟,并给出了三维随机海浪的仿真结果。     

近海近岸海浪的研究进展

从海浪谱、风浪及涌浪的预报方法、卫星海洋学及资料同化在波浪计算中的应用、增减水和环境流对波浪相互作用5个方面对近海近岸波浪的研究成果进行了较为系统的归纳总结和评述。在此基础上分析了近海近岸海浪研究的发展趋势，提出今后的研究方向。     

国际海事组织参数横摇Level 2衡准运动预报方法选型

针对参数横摇Level 2衡准运动预报方法的选型研究,对于制定合理的动稳性衡准、提高船舶的安全水平具有重要意义.基于模型试验数据验证并对比了3种备选的非线性力学方法的预报精度,包括时域方法和平均方法,并分析了引起差异的原因.在此基础上,通过对比大量实船以及事故船的敏感性水平预报结果,为Level 2衡准预报方法的选型提出了若干建议.该研究首次针对参数横摇Level 2衡准运动预报方法开展了精度验证和对比分析,并提出了时域方法参数设置建议,有助于第2代完整稳性衡准的制定.     

海浪的数值模拟及其仿真

研究了海浪的频谱模型 .依据海浪的数学模型和海浪的频谱特性 ,对海浪反演的线性叠加法进行了研究 .大量仿真结果说明 ,线性叠加法是反演海浪的一种有效方法 .     

船舶遭遇海浪要素长期分布的研究

本文根据波浪的随船统计资料，研究了波浪要素的长期分布，海浪谱函数和船舶 性能长期预报方法．应用ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ函数拟合波高和周期的长期分布；沿用第１２届 ＩＴＴＣ（１９６９）海浪谱得到我国沿海海域修正的海浪谱，并给出了各种概率意义下的 波高、周期以及相应的谱矩。     

中国灾害性海浪研究进展

 海浪灾害是海洋灾害的重要组成部分,是各种海洋灾害中导致人员死亡或失踪的最主要致灾因素,是各种涉海工程设计、施工和运维工作必须考虑的动力因素,是中国海洋安全与保障工作必须面对的自然灾害。通过讨论灾害性海浪的常用定义和分类,评述了有关典型灾害性海浪特性的主要研究成果,总结了主要灾害性海浪预报业务化现状,提出了灾害性海浪研究尚存的主要问题和未来的研究方向。     

随机横浪中船舶倾覆概率的时域分析方法

为了研究随机海浪中船舶航行安全域的构造及生存概率的预报方法，考虑阻尼和复原力矩的非线性及海浪的随机性，建立随机横浪中船舶运动的随机非线性微分方程．综合考虑船舶运动的瞬时状态和窄带海浪谱，采用简谐加速度方法在时域内求解横摇随机微分方程，进行随机倾覆过程的数值模拟，构造船舶航行的安全域，计算船舶安全航行的生存概率．选取不同的初始蒂件及随机波浪参数，在横摇初值平面上构造了一手长30．27m渔船航行的安全域，预报了不同有义渡高作用下渔船安全航行的生存概率．采用本文方法，可以从数量上预报船舶在随机海浪中的生存概率．     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.