聚合物/中空微球复合材料理论传热模型的实验验证

应用导热系数测量仪，测量了中空微球填充聚丙烯复合材料的等效导热系数（keff），并对前期研究中所得到的等效导热系数公式进行了初步验证．结果表明，除个别点外，keff的理论估算值和实测值有较好的一致性．当中空微球体积分数φf≤20％时，随着φf的增加，keff大致呈线性减小．当φf较低时，keff随中空微球粒径的增加而有所下降．     

复合材料等效导热系数的理论推算

藉最小热阻力法则和比等效导热系数相等法则,提出了用求复合材料的等效热阻及其限区来确定该复合材料的等效导热系数的方法,导出了推算复合材料等效导热系数的普遍式和一些具体式,给出了复合物中各组分的导热系数、容积比、相互组合的形状及取向等因素对等效导热系数影响的一些具体算值,将球堆积床的等效导热系数本文算值与已知实验数据作了比较,二者吻合良好。精度优于Eucken方程。     

玻化微珠保温砂浆导热系数模型研究

基于最小热阻力法则和均匀化方法估算了玻化微珠保温砂浆的等效导热系数.用ANSYS模拟玻化微珠保温砂浆二维单元胞体的热传导,发现对热阻网络的横向热阻的极端考虑会给计算结果带来误差.用ANSYS计算的三维单元体模型的等效导热系数值与3种理论计算值进行比较,发现用假设横向热阻无穷小与假设横向热阻无穷大求得的单元体等效热阻的平均值作为单元体的等效热阻来求单元体等效导热系数更精确,最后实验也验证了这一结论.实验值与本文提出的理论模型计算值偏差仅为0.2%,证明用该方法来估算玻化微珠保温砂浆的导热系数是可行的.     

气凝胶及其纤维复合材料等效导热系数预测

为了研究气凝胶及其纤维复合材料的隔热性能,分别数值重构了几种气凝胶及其纤维复合材料的微细观随机结构,采用格子Boltzmann方法数值求解了它们的等效导热系数,同时用基于瞬态平面热源法的Hot Disk热常数分析仪测量了它们在复杂环境下的等效导热系数。研究表明:骨架连续的开孔型微观结构比骨架不连续的颗粒型微观结构更符合气凝胶的实际结构,开孔型结构等效导热系数的数值预测值与实验值的偏差大部分在±10%内;气凝胶的密度值会影响它的隔热性能,且存在着最佳的密度使得气凝胶的等效导热系数最低;纤维复合气凝胶的等效导热系数随着纤维体积分数的增加而增加;纤维在垂直于热流方向的水平面内随机排布时对气凝胶的隔热性能影响最小。     

基于球型填充相复合材料有效导热系数的计算

文章运用数值单元体法建立了计算填充二硫化钼聚甲醛基复合材料有效导热系数的模型,提出了用有限元法和用求单元体模型的等效热阻来确定该复合材料等效导热系数2种计算方法,通过计算表明2种方法的计算结果比较接近,并运用上述方法研究了二硫化钼含量对聚甲醛基复合材料导热系数的影响规律.     

陶瓷微球填充型隔热涂料的有效导热系数

利用SEM对一种陶瓷微球填充型隔热涂料进行了分析,在此基础上运用数值单元体法建立了计算其有效导热系数的模型.分别讨论了球壁厚度、球壁有效导热系数及陶瓷微球填充率等3个主要因素对该涂料有效导热系数的影响.为验证计算结果,利用稳态平板法测试了几种隔热涂料的导热系数.研究发现:选用壁面薄的陶瓷微球可制成性能较好的隔热涂料;陶瓷球壁的有效导热系数对涂料的有效导热系数影响很大,前者必须很低,比如小于0.05 W/(m·K),才可显著降低涂料有效导热系数;增加填充率可明显降低涂料有效导热系数;填充陶瓷微球确可改善涂料隔热性能,但程度有限.     

热塑性复合材料等效导热系数测定方法

为了提高热塑性复合材料的导热性,为热塑性复合材料的开发与应用提供依据,研究了一种热塑性复合材料等效导热系数测定方法。将聚酰亚胺模塑粉、胶体石墨和炭纤维作为原料,制备热塑性复合材料,搭建复杂环境下导热系数测试实验平台,通过稳态法对理论上单一材料的导热系数进行计算。把填料转换成体积含量,研究热塑性复合材料导热性能,发现填充石墨和炭纤维的热塑性复合材料导热性能有很大的不同,需研究一种通用的热塑性复合材料等效导热系数测定方法。生成等效结构,在此基础上,依据常物性、无内热源与稳态热传导对热塑性复合材料等效导热系数进行测定,利用从底向上的计算方式求出等效导热系数。通过实验测试平台测量炭纤维填充热塑性复合材料和石墨填充热塑性复合材料,结果表明,所提测定结果基本分布于实测数据周围。通过人为添加满足正态分布的实验误差当成实验测量值对等效导热系数进行测定,所提方法可在测量误差情况下给出准确的热塑性复合材料等效系数测定结果。可见所提方法测定结果准确。     

不同形状颗粒弥散复合材料的等效导热系数

根据最小热阻力法和比等效导热系数法对不同形状颗粒弥散复合材料的等效导热系数进行预测。采用以颗粒在传热方向上的特征长度为边长的立方体体积与实际颗粒体积之比作为形状因子,对不同颗粒形状等效为立方体时的无量纲相对特征长度进行修正,基于形状因子进一步推导了适用于不同形状颗粒弥散复合材料在中低体积分数情况的等效导热系数通用计算公式。此通用计算公式与实验值及其它模型计算值吻合较好,对于导热增强型复合材料,体积分数一定时,其等效导热系数与颗粒形状因子呈正比,增加颗粒在传热方向上的尺寸能有效提高复合材料的导热性能。     

增强相对热塑性聚酰亚胺复合材料性能的影响

采用热模压成型的方法，在热塑性聚酰亚胺（TPI）中添加玻璃微珠（GB）、玻璃纤维粉（GFP）和短切玻璃纤维（SGF）进行复合增强，研究了3种不同形态填充材料及其含量对复合材料力学、摩擦磨损及热性能的影响。结果表明，随着填充物填充量的增加，所制得复合材料的刚性明显提高；并且填充物长径比越大，其作用效果越明显，由此制得的复合材料同时具有较低的体积磨损率及线膨胀系数。采用SGF增强复合材料的力学强度也随其填充量的增加显著增大，而采用GB及GFP填充的材料则呈下降趋势。采用SEM观察了复合材料断裂面的结构形貌，初步分析了其增强机理。     

填充氩后单壁碳纳米管的导热系数

采用平衡态分子动力学(EMD)模拟方法,计算了填充氩后的(10,10)型和(15,15)型的单壁碳纳米管分别在不同温度下的导热系数.研究了它们随温度的变化情况,并将其与相应的空的碳纳米管的导热系数进行比较,分析在相同温度下,充氩对碳纳米管导热系数的影响.模拟结果发现:在500~1 200 K的温度范围内,(10,10)型碳纳米管和(15,15)型碳纳米管在填充了氩后其导热系数值均随着温度的升高呈下降趋势,这与空的碳纳米管的导热系数随温度的变化关系相似;在相同温度下,这2种类型的碳纳米管在填充了氩后的导热系数值均比相应的空的碳纳米管的导热系数值明显高很多.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.