平面电涡流线圈的结构参数设计

为提高平面电涡流传感器的灵敏度,以Biot-Savart-Laplace定理为基础,研究了传感器线圈结构参数对其灵敏度的影响。推导了平面电涡流线圈的磁场分布梯度公式,仿真计算、分析了不同结构参数条件下线圈的磁感应强度-距离曲线,并进行了实验验证。结果表明:增加外径和圈数,减小内径,可以有效地提高平面电涡流线圈的灵敏度。     

电涡流传感器的有限元仿真研究与分析

电磁场的分布情况是影响电涡流传感器灵敏度和线性度的主要原因。从电涡流传感器的基本原理出发,采用有限元方法,利用ANSYS语言,通过建模、定义材料特性、划分网格、设置边界条件、加载及求解等,对电涡流传感器的电磁场进行仿真研究,并由理论公式验证模型的正确性。通过计算3种尺寸参数不同的线圈,研究分析了线圈的形状结构对传感器灵敏度和线性度的影响,对于电涡流传感器线圈的设计具有指导意义。     

带包覆层铁磁性金属管道局部腐蚀的脉冲涡流检测

为提高脉冲涡流检测技术在检测包覆层下铁磁性金属管道局部腐蚀时的灵敏度,从仿真和实验两个方面对探头设计进行了研究.采用反向联接结构的双线圈作为激励源,达到线圈电流不过大而磁场能够在局部得到聚焦增强的目的.采用有限元仿真比较了单线圈和双线圈激励时磁场及涡流的分布情况和对局部腐蚀型缺陷的检测灵敏度,并进行了系列检测对比实验.仿真与实验结果相一致,表明使用反向联接双线圈激励探头对带包覆层管道局部腐蚀类缺陷进行脉冲涡流检测可以达到远高于单线圈激励检测的灵敏度.本研究可为带包覆层金属管道局部腐蚀的脉冲涡流检测探头设计提供参考.     

油气管道变形涡流检测线圈探头的有限元仿真分析

涡流测距法是油气管道变形检测的一种有效手段,该方法要求电涡流线圈探头的量程较大,以便检测器能够顺利通过管道的变形区域。为提高线圈探头在较远距离上的检测分辨率,利用有限元方法,在保持线圈探头上激励功率不变的条件下,对线圈探头产生磁场的空间分布进行了仿真,并研究了线圈探头的内外径之差、厚度和等效半径对检测分辨率的影响。仿真结果表明:线圈探头的内外径之差增加,其检测分辨率增加;线圈探头的厚度增加,其检测分辨率增加;线圈探头的等效半径增加,其在较远距离下的检测分辨率先增加后减小。试验结果表明:在保持激励功率不变的条件下,增加线圈探头的内外径之差和厚度确实能够提高传感器的检测分辨率和灵敏度,与仿真结果一致。     

电涡流位移传感器线圈优化设计

高速磁悬浮转轴间隙的精确测量是磁悬浮转轴系统可靠工作的重要保障.电涡流位移传感器被广泛应用于这种间隙的测量.由于磁悬浮转轴系统空间有限,所以要求传感器既要有很高的灵敏度同时检测线圈的尺寸要尽可能缩小,为此提出了1种电涡流位移传感器检测线圈的多参数设计方法.该方法利用线圈的品质因数和所激发的磁感应强度梯度以及线圈导线的总长度3个参数构成1个优化函数,并采用遗传算法求解该函数,从而得到了最佳的检测线圈尺寸.通过MATLAB仿真已验证了该方法的有效性.     

基于三维光电传感器的接触式探头优化设计

文章设计了一种适用于微纳米三坐标测量机(coordinate measuring machine,CMM)的光学接触式探头,介绍了该探头的结构和原理,并建立了探头的灵敏度模型;依据三维方向等刚度和等灵敏度的原则,得出了探头结构的最优参数;对探头刚度进行仿真验证,并对探头在三维方向上的灵敏度和重复性进行了测试。实验结果表明,探头在三维方向灵敏度约为0.26 V/μm,灵敏度近似相等且线性度良好,重复性优于14 nm。     

隐式与参数曲面间的混合曲面设计方法

针对管道曲面设计中如何构造过渡曲面问题,提出了一种隐式曲面与参数曲面间的混合曲面设计方法.对于给定的隐式曲面与参数曲面,存在着等距曲面族,每一对相关的曲面均产生交线,混合曲面即为一系列相关曲面交线的集合.采用该方法能更加方便有效地调整混合曲面的范围与形状,并能满足工程要求.文章还证明了混合曲面与隐式曲面及参数曲面之间为G1-连续.     

一种新型光纤电流传感器的实验研究

利用在感应线圈内加入带气隙的铁磁材料,将大电流线性地转换成感应电压。利用铌酸锂晶体(LN)在电场作用下的线性电光效应,测出感应电压的大小.实验研究表明:调整铁磁材料气隙的间隔和LN晶体的半波电压,可满足不同测量范围的要求,并具有较好的线性.     

线性电子枪的计算机辅助设计与实验研究

为满足实验研究工作的需要,采用计算机辅助设计,完成了线性电子枪的结构设计。为使电子枪形成的电子束偏转１８０°或２７０°来加热金属,又进行了线圈磁场的理论计算,并采用等Ｂ磁铁设计,产生满足要求的均匀磁场。通过计算,分析了电子枪结构参数与束流特性的关系及磁靴结构与磁场强度的关系。在理论分析的基础上,进行了大量实验研究,最后得到了满足设计要求的电子枪。     

倾角传感器的特性分析与测试

基于霍尔效应设计了一种倾角传感器,对其动态特性进行了分析,并进行了测试.结果表明,这种传感器线性度好,灵敏度高,测量范围大,能够满足大角度测量.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the