不同脱乙酰度壳聚糖对活性FM黑的吸附性能研究

以壳聚糖为吸附剂,研究了其对活性FM黑染料的吸附性能.探讨了温度、时间、介质pH值、壳聚糖脱乙酰度以及用量对壳聚糖吸附活性FM黑的影响.结果表明,随着壳聚糖脱乙酰度的增大,壳聚糖的吸附能力随之增强;壳聚糖用量增加,吸附能力先增强后减弱;介质的pH在4～7范围内,对活性FM黑染料废水的吸附性能较好,在中性条件下达到最强;温度对吸附性能的影响较小.由此得出在壳聚糖脱乙酰度为97%、用量为0.006 0g、温度为25℃、反应时间为50min、活性FM黑质量浓度为30mg/L、体积为100mL、介质的pH为7的条件下,吸附量达到273.23mg/g.且其吸附行为满足Langmuir等温式.     

改性壳聚糖对苯酚吸附条件筛选

开发新型低成本苯酚吸附剂是处理含酚废水的研究重点.将苯酚采用吸附法固定在戊二醛交联的壳聚糖(CTS)上,研究改性壳聚糖对苯酚的吸附效果,并对影响吸附率的主 要因素pH值,吸附时间等进行了研究.结果表明,改性后的壳聚糖对苯酚的吸附能力增强,在pH=5.8,吸附时间为2h时,对苯酚的吸附效果最佳,能够达到52mg/g.改性壳聚糖微球的洗脱和重吸附试验表明:重复使用的微球对苯酚的吸附量保持不变,重复性能良好,因此由戊二醛交联的改性壳聚糖是含酚废水较好的苯酚吸附剂.     

季铵化壳聚糖微球的制备及其对酸性媒介黑PV的吸附性能研究

本文采用反相悬浮交联法制备了壳聚糖微球,并以3-氯-2-羟基丙基三甲基氯化铵为改性剂在微球上引入了季铵盐基团．考察了改性后的微球对染料酸性媒介黑PV（PV）的吸附性能．实验结果表明季铵化壳聚糖微球对偶氮染料PV有较好的吸附能力．实验条件下,最大平衡吸附量为1759mg／g,等温吸附很好地符合Langmuir等温方程,表明为单分子层吸附．吸附量受染料初始浓度、温度和溶液pH等因素影响．负载染料的微球容易洗脱,洗脱再生后的微球可重复使用．     

微球形固定化α-葡萄糖苷酶的制备

将粉末状壳聚糖制备成微球形多孔载体 ,采用吸附 -交联的方法将TGL固定化 .研究表明 ,制备微球形多孔壳聚糖载体的关键取决于壳聚糖原料的分子量分布、壳聚糖的稀酸溶液浓度以及凝结液的组成等因素 ;当壳聚糖的相对分子质量为 3.0× 10 5左右 ,壳聚糖溶液浓度为 2 .5% ,凝结液组成为 2mol/LNaOH∶4 0 %甲醛 =3∶2 (体积比 )或2mol/LNaOH∶甲醇 =3∶1(体积比 )时 ,可制得微球形多孔壳聚糖载体 .最佳固定化条件研究表明 ,对于脱乙酰度为 88%的壳聚糖载体 ,加酶量为 3× 10 5Unit/g时 ,在 pH 6.0条件下 ,室温吸附 8h ,然后用 2 .0 %的戊二醛在 4 5℃交联 9h ,可得到固定化酶的活力为2 .34 2× 10 5Unit/g ,酶活力回收率为 78.1% ,并具有较好的强度 .     

CCCS与ECCS树脂对Au(Ⅲ)吸附性能的比较

分别以环硫氯丙烷和环氧氯丙烷作为交联剂,合成交联壳聚糖树脂,测定其对Au(Ⅲ)的静态吸附性能.采用正交试验法全面考察了环硫氯丙烷交联壳聚糖(CCCS)树脂和环氧氯丙烷交联壳聚糖(ECCS)树脂吸附Au(Ⅲ)过程中,各主要因素对吸附性能的影响.结果表明,环硫氯丙烷交联壳聚糖树脂比环氧氯丙烷交联壳聚糖树脂所能适应的pH值、温度、初始离子浓度等条件范围更广,且在同样吸附条件下,环硫氯丙烷交联壳聚糖树脂比环氧氯丙烷交联壳聚糖树脂有更优良的吸附性能.环硫氯丙烷交联壳聚糖树脂对Au(Ⅲ)的吸附量可达296.67μg/mg,吸附率可达98.1%.     

季铵型木质素的合成及其对AuCl4-的吸附性能

以稻草为原料,经酚化、交联和胺化后合成了季铵型木质素,并研究了其对AuCl-4的吸附性能.通过傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)和差热-热重分析(TG-DSC)对合成产物进行了表征,考察了AuCl-4初始浓度、盐酸浓度和吸附时间对AuCl-4吸附效果的影响.研究结果表明,合成的产物为热稳定性好且含有大量孔隙和表面粗糙的不规则块状季铵型木质素;在盐酸浓度为0.5 mol·L-1,AuCl-4初始浓度为6.0 mmol·L-1,吸附100 h时AuCl-4的最大吸附容量为3.27 mol·kg-1,在0.5 mol·L-1盐酸和1.0 mmol·L-1 AuCl-4的条件下吸附达到平衡时间为360 min.经扫描电镜和X射线衍射分析和傅里叶红外光谱分析表明吸附后的AuCl-4被季铵型木质素中的酚羟基还原而以单质形态析出.     

壳聚糖微球的制备及对有机染料的吸附性能

利用液体石蜡作有机分散介质,戊二醛作交联剂,制备了微米级窄分布壳聚糖微球,研究了壳聚糖微球对酸性偶氮染料的吸附特性,测定了吸附动力学和吸附等温线.结果表明,壳聚糖微球对酸性偶氮染料的吸附具有Langmuir吸附特性,染料溶液在pH值为2～5的吸附率接近100%,并且具有较好的再生性能.     

壳聚糖对活性染料的脱色效果

比较了3种壳聚糖对活性红BF-DB染料的脱色效果.探讨了壳聚糖用量、pH值、吸附温度、搅拌速度与搅拌时间对染料脱色效果的影响.结果表明,3种壳聚糖对活性红BF-DB染料溶液的最佳脱色工艺为：壳聚糖1、2、3的质量浓度分别为200、200、150 mg/L时,在20℃,pH值为6.0左右的条件下,以350 r/min搅拌10 min,再以150 r/min搅拌15 min,静置2 h,脱色率可达95%以上.分子量和脱乙酰度较大的壳聚糖对活性染料的脱色效果最好.     

壳聚糖对活性染料的脱色效果

比较了3种壳聚糖对活性红BF-DB染料的脱色效果.探讨了壳聚糖用量、pH值、吸附温度、搅拌速度与搅拌时间对染料脱色效果的影响.结果表明,3种壳聚糖对活性红BF-DB染料溶液的最佳脱色工艺为:壳聚糖1、2、3的质量浓度分别为200、200、150 mg/L时,在20℃,pH值为6.0左右的条件下,以350 r/min搅拌10 min,再以150 r/min搅拌15 min,静置2 h,脱色率可达95%以上.分子量和脱乙酰度较大的壳聚糖对活性染料的脱色效果最好.     

壳聚糖磁性微球对偶氮品红的吸附

利用反相悬浮交联法,以Fe3O4为核,制备了壳聚糖磁性微球.将其用于水中偶氮品红的吸附,研究了溶液酸度、吸附时间、偶氮品红初始浓度、温度、离子强度对吸附的影响.结果表明:在40℃,pH 4.0,无盐条件下吸附效果最佳,壳聚糖磁性微球对偶氮品红的饱和吸附量达到357.1 mg/g.运用相关数学模型拟合实验数据得出,该吸附同时符合Freundlich和Langmuir模型(均R2>0.96).经3次重复使用再生后壳聚糖磁性微球对偶氮品红的吸附率仍高于90%.该种新型吸附剂吸附能力强、速度快且易分离和可再生.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.