纳米La3+/TiO2光性能的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出了不同La3+掺杂量、不同煅烧温度的La3+/TiO2的光催化剂,并对所制得的光催化剂进行了SEM、XRD、FT-IR表征;以亚甲基蓝为目标降解物进行光催化活性研究.结果表明,所得粉体为锐钛矿相纳米TiO2,且La3+掺杂后,纳米TiO2特征衍射峰宽化,强度降低,说明稀土La3+的掺杂能细化晶粒,稀土离子掺杂也有利于抑制高温时的TiO2晶型由锐钛矿向金红石型的转变;以亚甲基蓝为目标降解物的光催化实验表明,在500℃煅烧,含量0.5%La3+/TiO2的催化剂,加入2mL助催化剂,提供了光催化基元反应的中间介质羟基自由基,使基元反应中的活化能降低,反应更易进行,在三基色节能灯照射3.0h,降解率可77.56%,时间短见效快.     

Sm~(3+)/TiO_2光催化剂降解酸性品红实验研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了不同Sm3+掺杂量、不同煅烧温度的Sm3+/TiO2的光催化剂,并对所制得的光催化剂进行了系统的表征和光催化活性研究.XRD分析表明,所得粉体为锐钛矿相纳米TiO2,且Sm3+掺杂后,纳米TiO2特征衍射峰宽化,强度降低,说明稀土Sm3+的掺杂能细化晶粒;以酸性品红为降解物的光催化实验表明,在450℃下煅烧,Sm3+/TiO2摩尔数比为0.1%的催化剂,加入2mL助催化剂,在三基色节能灯照射2.5h,降解率可达81.1%,结果令人满意.     

超声波法复合纳米Nd_2O_3/TiO_2的光性能研究

以Nd2O3和TiO2为原料,采用超声波共振法合成了不同掺杂量、不同煅烧温度的纳米Nd2O3/TiO2光催化剂.对所制样品进行XRD、FT-IR、SEM表征;以有机染料罗丹明B为降解物来进行光催化性能实验的研究.结果表明稀土Nd3+掺杂纳米TiO2能细化晶粒,抑制金红石相生成;在550℃下煅烧,n(Nd3+):n(TiO2)=0.2%的催化剂,加入协同催化剂30%的双氧水后,不仅降低基元反应活化能,而且是氧化剂具有捕获电子的能力,使催化反应在实验室中无灯源照射,催化时间6h,降解率达到93%.     

太阳光照射下Sm3+-Ce3+/TiO2降解有机染料废水

为提高TiO2 的光催化性能，采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了不同Sm3+,Ce3+掺杂量,不同焙烧温度的TiO2 光催化剂，并对所制得的样品进行了系统的表征和光催化活性研究。SEM，XRD 和 FT-IR结果表明：所得粉体均为锐钛矿相纳米TiO2,稀土Sm3+，Ce3+掺杂能细化晶粒，提高样品热稳定性；以孔雀石绿为目标降解物的光催化实验表明：400 ℃焙烧，当Sm3+，Ce3+掺杂量为5%时其光催化活性最好，太阳光自然照射，常温常压下，加1 mL 30% H2O2的氧化剂，降解6 h降解率达到83%。
     

Pr 3+/TiO2催化剂的制备及光催化性能分析

采用溶胶凝胶法制备了不同浓度、不同煅烧温度下Pr3+掺杂TiO2光催化剂。对所制样品进行XRD、FT-IR、SEM表征,通过降解碱性品红溶液来测试样品的光催化性能。结果表明稀土Pr3+掺杂TiO2能细化晶粒,提高热稳定性;在400℃下煅烧,n(Pr3+)/n(TiO2)=0.2%的催化剂,加入氧化剂1mL30%的双氧水,可以抑制电子和空穴复合,提高催化性能,在无灯源照射条件下,催化时间120min,降解率达到100%。     

稀土掺杂纳米TiO2光催化降解氯胺磷

采用溶胶一凝胶法制备稀土掺杂纳米TiO2光催化剂,利用x射线衍射仪和FE-SEM等对样品的结构和形貌进行表征.以有机磷农药氯胺磷为光催化降解对象,研究稀土掺杂浓度、热处理温度、溶液初始浓度及溶液的pH值等因素对光催化降解效果的影响.结果表明:稀土掺杂可以抑制TiO2锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变,抑制纳米晶体的生长,从而提高光催化活性;La3+最佳掺杂量为0.5%,Ce3+最佳掺杂量为1%,合适的热处理温度为500℃,氯胺磷溶液初始质量浓度为20 mg/L,酸性或碱性条件下的降解效果比中性条件的好.     

Eu~(3+)/TiO_2光催化剂降解罗丹明B

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了不同Eu3+掺杂量、不同煅烧温度的Eu3+/TiO2的光催化剂,利用XRD和FT-IR对样品进行表征和分析.以罗丹明B为目标降解物,对所制样品光活性进行了研究;同时,考察了助催化剂对其光催化性能的影响.结果表明,稀土Eu3+的掺杂能细化晶粒,在500℃下煅烧,Eu3+/TiO2摩尔数比为0.05%的催化剂,加入5 mL助催化剂,三基色节能灯照射3 h,降解率可达91.8%.     

Eu~(3+)/TiO_2光催化剂降解罗丹明B

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了不同Eu3+掺杂量、不同煅烧温度的Eu3+/TiO2的光催化剂,利用XRD和FT-IR对样品进行表征和分析.以罗丹明B为目标降解物,对所制样品光活性进行了研究;同时,考察了助催化剂对其光催化性能的影响.结果表明,稀土Eu3+的掺杂能细化晶粒,在500℃下煅烧,Eu3+/TiO2摩尔数比为0.05%的催化剂,加入5 mL助催化剂,三基色节能灯照射3 h,降解率可达91.8%.     

纳米Yb3+-Er3+/TiO2的制备 及其在降解染料废水中的应用

为提高TiO2的催化活性,采用溶胶凝-胶法合成了不同Yb3+和Er3+掺杂量,不同焙烧温度的Yb3+-Er3+/TiO2光催化剂,并对所制得的样品进行了FT-IR、XRD、SEM表征,用亚甲基蓝溶液模拟有机染料废水,来测试样品的催化性能.结果表明：所得粉体均为锐钛矿的TiO2,稀土Yb3+、Er3+掺杂TiO2能细化晶粒;摩尔比n(Yb3+-Er3+):n(TiO2)=2%的样品在400℃焙烧,无需灯源照射,常温常压不通氧气条件下,加入1mL氧化剂30%的H2O2,降解10mg.L-1亚甲基蓝溶液6h,降解率可达95%.     

La~(3+)-Yb~(3+)/TiO_2纳米功能材料光催化性能的研究

采用超声波震荡法合成了不同La3+、Yb3+掺杂量、不同焙烧温度的La3+-Yb3+/TiO2纳米光催化剂,并对所制得的样品进行了SEM、XRD、FT-IR表征;以碱性品红为目标降解物测试了样品的光催化性能.结果表明:所制样品为纳米级粉体,稀土元素La3+、Yb3+掺杂能细化晶粒,使样品表面积增大,提供更多活性位,提高了样品的催化活性;样品晶型为锐钛矿相TiO2,稀土元素La3+、Yb3+掺杂能抑制金红石相生成,提高样品的热稳定性;随着稀土元素La3+、Yb3+掺杂量的增加,纳米TiO2表面将吸附更多的羟基,羟基具有很高的氧化性,能降解有机物,提高样品的催化性能;光催化实验表明,在500℃焙烧,当n(La3+-Yb3+)∶n(TiO2)=5%时,光催化性能最好,催化剂用量为0.15g/150mL加入1mL氧化剂30%双氧水,在无灯源照射、常温常压不需通氧的条件下,降解浓度为10mg/L碱性品红溶液50min时,降解率达到98.7%.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.