Ce~(3+)/TiO_2光催化剂降解孔雀石绿的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了不同Ce3+掺杂量、不同煅烧温度的Ce3+/TiO2光催化剂,并对所制得的光催化剂进行了系统的表征和光催化活性研究.XRD分析表明,所得粉体为锐钛矿相纳米TiO2,且Ce3+掺杂后,纳米TiO2特征衍射峰宽化,强度降低,说明稀土Ce3+的掺杂能细化晶粒,稀土离子掺杂也有利于抑制高温时的TiO2晶型由锐钛矿向金红石型的转变;以孔雀石绿为降解物的光催化实验表明,在500℃下煅烧,n(Ce3+)∶n(TiO2)=0.5%的催化剂,加入5mL助催化剂,三基色节能灯照射2.5h,降解率可达70.2%.     

Sm~(3+)/TiO_2光催化剂降解酸性品红实验研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了不同Sm3+掺杂量、不同煅烧温度的Sm3+/TiO2的光催化剂,并对所制得的光催化剂进行了系统的表征和光催化活性研究.XRD分析表明,所得粉体为锐钛矿相纳米TiO2,且Sm3+掺杂后,纳米TiO2特征衍射峰宽化,强度降低,说明稀土Sm3+的掺杂能细化晶粒;以酸性品红为降解物的光催化实验表明,在450℃下煅烧,Sm3+/TiO2摩尔数比为0.1%的催化剂,加入2mL助催化剂,在三基色节能灯照射2.5h,降解率可达81.1%,结果令人满意.     

掺杂Zn2+纳米TiO2光催化降解亚甲基蓝

印染废水治理是水系环境治理的重点,而亚甲基蓝是印染废水中典型的有机污染物。本研究选用掺杂Zn2+的纳米TiO2作为光催化剂对亚甲基蓝进行降解研究。XRD谱图分析表明,Zn2+的掺入可改变纳米TiO2锐钛矿型和金红石型的组成。制备工艺参数对样品光催化降解亚甲基蓝的活性具有很大影响,纯TiO2样品在450℃焙烧时的活性较其他温度的高;而掺杂Zn2+的样品则在500℃焙烧时的光催化活性相对最佳。催化剂的加入量过高或过低都不利于光催化活性的提高,催化剂的加入量为1g/L时,光催化剂对亚甲基蓝的降解效果最好;Zn2+掺入量为0.5%时,掺杂粉体的光催化活性相对较高。随着掺杂量的进一步增加,光催化活性降低。被降解有机物浓度过高时,紫外光较难到达催化剂表面,光的利用率降低,导致催化剂活性降低。亚甲基蓝的初始浓度为5mg/L时的降解速率较快。     

Ce/S共掺杂TiO2制备及其光催化活性

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了沸石负载型Ce/S共掺杂TiO2光催化剂,探讨了可见光下负载型共掺杂TiO2光催化剂的光催化降解亚甲基蓝的可行性和工艺条件.研究结果表明,催化剂焙烧温度300℃,反应体系pH值为7.02时的亚甲基蓝降解效果最好.共掺杂复合光催化剂活性要好于单掺杂和不掺杂的光催化剂活性,负载型复合光催化剂具有很好的重复使用性能.     

La-Ce共掺杂制备La3+-Ce3+/ZnO及其对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解

采用溶胶凝胶法制备了La-Ce共掺杂的La3+-Ce3+/ZnO光催化剂,同时用同种方法制备了ZnO、La3+/ZnO和Ce3+/ZnO以作对比.通过X射线衍射仪、透射电镜、紫外可见分光光度计,比表面及孔隙度分析仪等对制备的光催化剂进行了表征.以亚甲基蓝为模型污染物对所制备的光催化剂的光催化特性进行了评价.结果表明,所制备的La3+-Ce3+/ZnO光催化剂基本呈长方柱状,尺寸平均为57.3 nm,La-Ce共掺杂提高了ZnO的结晶度,促进了晶粒的长大.根据光催化实验结果,La-Ce共掺杂能够显著提高ZnO的光催化活性.在光催化降解500 mL的10 mg.L 1亚甲基蓝实验中,La3+-Ce3+/ZnO光催化剂对亚甲基蓝的降解率达93.7%,比纯ZnO、La3+-ZnO和Ce3+-ZnO分别提高了21.4%、19.2%和9.3%.     

稀土离子(Sm~(3+),La~(3+))掺杂纳米TiO_2光催化性能研究

以钛酸四丁酯和稀土氧化物Sm2O3、La2O3为原料,分别制备了掺杂稀土离子Sm2+和La3+的纳米TiO2光催化剂,分别进行了两种离子掺杂纳米材料在甲基橙溶液中的光催化降解实验,通过对制备条件优化,研究了光降解条件对降解效果的影响.结果表明:La2+掺杂纳米TiO2材料的光催化活性要优于Sm3+掺杂纳米TiO2材料.     

掺铟TiO_2/蒙脱土复合光催化剂的制备及光催化性能研究

以TiCl4为前驱物,采用溶胶凝胶法结合超临界流体干燥法(SCFD),制备纳米级In/TiO2/MMT复合光催化剂,采用XRD,TEM,XRF、紫外漫反射光谱等手段对催化剂进行了表征,TiO2以锐钛矿型存在,催化剂粒径在13～18nm之间.以亚甲基蓝溶液的脱色降解为反应模型,对催化活性进行了评价,当In掺杂量为2%(质量百分数),煅烧温度为700℃时,In/TiO2/MMT复合光催化剂的催化活性最好,亚甲基蓝降解率达99.2%,总有机碳(TOC)的去除率为63.9%.     

Fe~(3+)/La~(3+)共掺杂纳米TiO_2制备及其性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备系列Fe3+/La3+共掺杂的纳米TiO2,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM),X-射线能谱仪(EDS),紫外-可见吸收光谱等技术对催化剂进行表征,并以甲基橙溶液为降解目标,测定其在紫外光下光催化活性.结果表明:Fe3+,La3+的掺杂能有效减小TiO2纳米粒子的平均晶粒尺寸,提高了TiO2纳米粉体的分散性;Fe3+/La3+共掺杂的纳米复合光催化剂的吸收强度明显增加,在紫外光下2h后,Fe3+/La3+共掺杂TiO2对甲基橙溶液的降解率达98%以上.     

超声波法复合纳米Nd_2O_3/TiO_2的光性能研究

以Nd2O3和TiO2为原料,采用超声波共振法合成了不同掺杂量、不同煅烧温度的纳米Nd2O3/TiO2光催化剂.对所制样品进行XRD、FT-IR、SEM表征;以有机染料罗丹明B为降解物来进行光催化性能实验的研究.结果表明稀土Nd3+掺杂纳米TiO2能细化晶粒,抑制金红石相生成;在550℃下煅烧,n(Nd3+):n(TiO2)=0.2%的催化剂,加入协同催化剂30%的双氧水后,不仅降低基元反应活化能,而且是氧化剂具有捕获电子的能力,使催化反应在实验室中无灯源照射,催化时间6h,降解率达到93%.     

Eu~(3+)/TiO_2光催化剂降解罗丹明B

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了不同Eu3+掺杂量、不同煅烧温度的Eu3+/TiO2的光催化剂,利用XRD和FT-IR对样品进行表征和分析.以罗丹明B为目标降解物,对所制样品光活性进行了研究;同时,考察了助催化剂对其光催化性能的影响.结果表明,稀土Eu3+的掺杂能细化晶粒,在500℃下煅烧,Eu3+/TiO2摩尔数比为0.05%的催化剂,加入5 mL助催化剂,三基色节能灯照射3 h,降解率可达91.8%.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to