CRC—3裂化催化剂被无机钒酸盐中毒活性的考察

采用微反应活性测试（ＭＡＴ）装置，以正庚烷为原料在反应温度为５５０℃和液空速为１０ｈ＾－１下，考察了ＣＲＣ－３裂化催化剂活性随水蒸汽处理时间的变化规律，模拟工业流化催化裂化（ＦＣＣ）条件，制备了无机钒酸盐中毒的催化剂，进而对其活性进行考察，ＭＡＴ活性评价数据表明，用水蒸汽处理ＣＲＣ－３裂化催化剂１２ｈ以后，其活性趋于平衡；而使ＣＲＣ－３裂化催化剂中毒的无机钒酸盐中钒含量高达０．５％时，催化剂活将发     

钒污染对CRC－3 FCC催化剂选择性的影响及钝钒剂的研究

以正庚烷为裂化原料，采用微反活性评价装置和气相色谱分析方法研究了重金属钒对ＣＲＣ－３裂化催化剂选择性的影响，并用Ｘ射线衍射仪测定了经钒污染后催化剂相对结晶度的变化．结果表明，ＣＲＣ－３催化剂上沉积的钒具有脱氢活性，明显降低了催化剂的裂化反应选择性和相对结晶度．向ＣＲＣ－３催化剂中加入高岭土或α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３担载的稀土氧化物（ＲＥ２Ｏ３），可明显提高催化剂的抗钒污染能力．     

Mo—Ni／γ—Al2O3甲烷化催化剂MoNi4合金的生成及其作用

通过变化浸渍液的ｐＨ 值、焙烧温度及还原温度制备了几种Ｍｏ－Ｎｉ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 甲烷化催化剂,用Ｘ 射线粉末衍射（ＸＲＤ）、透射电子显微镜（ＴＥＭ）法对催化剂的结构和性能进行了考察,用脉冲气相色谱法测定了催化剂的ＣＯ 甲烷化活性及抗硫性．结果表明,Ｍｏ－Ｎｉ催化剂经还原处理后有ＭｏＮｉ４ 合金生成,ＭｏＮｉ４ 合金是主要的抗硫活性相,提高了甲烷化反应的抗硫性     

去除难降解有机废水COD用高效从相催化剂的研究

以超细γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３为载体,制备去除有机废ＣＯＤ用高效超细γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＣｕＯ催化剂,采用ＴＥＭ和ＸＲＤ对粒子形态进行表征,以水溶性偶氮染料活性艳红Ｘ－３Ｂ为处理对象,采用不同载体制备催化剂,考察其催化效率,结果表明超细γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＣｕＯ催化剂的效率最高。     

Cu—Mn—Pt／γ—Al2O3系列催化剂中组分间的活性增强效应

通过ＣＯ氧化活性测试，采用ＸＲＤ、ＸＰＳ、ＴＰＲ等方法表征，研究了Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｐｔ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３系列催化剂中组分间的活性增强效应，并对其固相结构和表面组成进行表征．结果表明：（１）氧化型ＣｕＭｎ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂中Ｃｕ和Ｍｎ之间存在一定的活性增强效应，两种活性组分发生协同作用；（２）还原型Ｐｔ－Ｃｕ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和Ｐｔ－Ｍｎ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂的氧化活性在系列中最高，Ｐｔ－Ｍｎ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的ＣＯ氧化活性增强效应最为显著．这与加人Ｐｔ后，Ｃｕ２＋易被还原，Ｃｕ＋明显增多有关；（３）同时含有Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ组分的几种催化剂中，催化剂表面上Ｃｕ均有一定富集，加人Ｐｔ后，表相以Ｃｕ＋为主．由于Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｐｔ三元催化剂的制备方法不同，以致氧化活性相差很大，共浸制备较分浸制备的催化剂活性要好的多．     

FCC催化剂的钒危害与捕钒剂研究：Ⅰ.钒危害与MgO,γ—Al …

采用ＸＲＤ,ＢＥＴ,ＭＡＴ以及Ｐｙｒｉｄｉｎｅ－ＩＲ等方法,研究了钒对催化剂分子筛结构和裂化活性的危害,以及ＭｇＯ,γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３对钒破坏作用的抑制。结果表明,在水蒸气条件下,钒使催化剂表面积减小,分子筛晶体结构破坏,各种酸的数量下降,裂化活性降低。     

顺丁烯二酸二丁酯催化加氢制γ-丁内酯(Ⅰ)

顺丁烯二酸二丁酯（ＭＢ）催化加氢制γ－丁内酯（ＧＢＬ），是一个具有工业应用价值的反应．本文采用Ｃｕ／ＺｎＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂得到较高的收率和选择性．低压、低温有利于ＧＢＬ生成，Ｈ２／酯比对ＧＢＬ收率影响不大，助剂Ｂ使催化剂抗烧结能力提高．在０．５ＭＰａ反应压力下，经过１０００ｈ的寿命试验，结果表明，Ｃｕ／ＺｎＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂仍具有较高的活性，选择性及良好的寿命     

一氧化碳氧化的钯催化剂研究Ⅰ．钯催化剂性能和反应条件对催化活性的影响

用浸渍法制备了不同担载量的Ｐｄ／Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３和Ｐｔ／Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３催化剂，在固定床微反中测定了它们催化ＣＯ氧化为ＣＯ＿２的活性。结果表明，催化剂金属含量低于７×１０￣（－５）时，Ｐｄ／Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３的活性优于Ｐｔ／Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３。催化剂经高温（８００℃）水蒸汽预处理活性下降。稀释用的载体和ＧＨＳＶ在７５０～１５００ｈ￣（－１）范围内对催化活性没有明显影响。     

Friedel－Crafts反应合成无规支化聚苯乙烯及其支化结构表征

将阴离子聚合所得窄分布聚苯乙烯（ｄ＜１．１）在无水ＺｎＣｌ＿２催化下以氯甲醚对其进行氯甲基化（Ｃ１％＜１．５），再用自制无水ＡｌＣｌ＿３作催化剂，使氯甲基化聚苯乙烯（ＣＭＰＳ）发生大分子链间的Ｆｒｉｅｄｅｌ－Ｃｒａｆｔｓ反应，一步合成主链与支链等长的无规支化聚苯乙烯（ＡＢＰＳ）．研究了支化反应条件及支化结构，实验表明，反应条件：Ｔ＝４０～４５Ｃ、Ｃ＿（ＣＭｐＳ）＝０．１～０，１５ｇ·Ｍｌ￣（－１）、Ｃ＿（ｃａｔ）＝０．０５～０．１ｇ·ｍｌ￣（－１）、ｔ＞ｌ２ｈ达到良好的支化效果，支化臂数为１～２０．     

CuO/Cr2O3/Al2O3催化剂上1,4-丁二醇脱氢合成γ-丁内酯

在固定床反应器上研究了ＣｕＯ／Ｃｒ２Ｏ３／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂常压１,４－二醇催化脱氢合成γ－丁内酯的反应,γ－丁内酯的产率可达９９％以上,用Ｘ射线粉末衍射法（ＸＲＤ）、扫描电镜法（ＳＥＭ）、比表面及孔容测定法（ＢＥＴ）等手段对催化剂进行了表征,结果表明,Ｃｕ＾０为催化剂的脱氢活性中心,Ｃｒ的存在促进Ｃｕ在载体表面的高度分散,并与Ｃｕ形成ＣｕＣｒ２Ｏ４固溶体,提高了催化剂的活性及选择性。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.