Ti-47．5Al-2．5V-1．0Cr注射成形

以Ti-47.5Al-2.5V-1.0Cr(原子分数,%)气雾化预合金粉末为原料,采用粉末注射成形工艺制备了TiAl合金材料,研究了该TiAl合金脱脂工艺对脱脂坯碳氧残留量和组织的影响规律及烧结工艺对烧结体显微组织、密度和压缩性能的影响规律. 结果表明:在脱脂温度600℃、保温时间为1h和真空脱脂气氛条件下脱除坯体中剩余粘结剂,坯体中残余碳氧含量(质量分数)分别为0.059%和0.12%;脱脂温度从600℃升到1000℃,粉末由枝状组织转变为近γ组织;烧结温度在1410～1450℃,保温时间在1h以内,烧结体可以快速致密化;在1450℃保温30min,烧结体相对密度可以达到95%,烧结体的抗压强度为2105MPa,压缩率达到30.9%,接近铸态合金力学性能;随烧结温度升高,烧结体中的γ相逐渐减少,组织由近片层组织逐渐转变为全片层组织.     

锡的添加对TiAl基合金的影响

研究了Sn的添加对Ti-34wt％Al合金的室温力学性能、显微组织、相组成和断口形貌的影响。试验发现,在TiAl基合金中添加Sn,能够使合金室温延性得到提高。还发现,添加1.14wt％Sn,使合金的层状组织呈较细的等轴晶,晶界光滑且较宽,合金表现出较好的室温综合力学性能,断口形貌出现准解理特征。     

高能球磨Ti/Al复合粉固相反应烧结工艺

采用金相和能谱方法对Ti、Al箔的固相扩散反应行为进行了研究,建立了TiAl3相层厚度生长的计算公式.并在此基础上,探讨了球磨Ti/Al复合粉的两步固相烧结工艺.研究表明:两步固相烧结法可有效抑制烧结引起的粉末体变形,获得具有典型显微组织的致密烧结材料;尽管延长低温预烧时间可获得由TiAl与Ti3Al组成的热稳定性较好的组织,但组织致密度偏低,为了获得高致密的TiAl合金,仍需后续高温烧结.实验还表明,高能球磨促进了TiAl基合金组织细化,且球磨时间越长烧结组织晶粒越细小;双态组织中的层片组织含量随球磨时间延长而增加,但长时间球磨由于非晶化的出现又会引起层片组织含量下降.     

放电等离子烧结快速凝固Al75Si25合金的组织及力学性能

高硅铝合金粗大的初晶硅严重影响其力学性能与机械加工性能.本文利用熔融纺丝快速凝固技术、球磨与放电等离子烧结相结合的方法制备了Al₇₅Si₂₅合金.研究发现,放电等离子烧结Al₇₅Si₂₅能够遗传其快速凝固组织的特点.500 MPa,320℃烧结条件可获得密度达到98%以上的块体,其初晶硅弥散分布,组织尺寸细小,具有超细晶粒特征.此外,硅元素过饱和固溶于α（Al）基体.维氏硬度值和抗压强度分别达到298 Hv和674 MPa,具有优异的力学性能.      

TiAl基合金热机械处理新工艺技术的研究

探讨了包套锻复合热机械处理新工艺技术对（Ｔｉ－３３％Ａｌ－３％Ｃｒ）－０．５％Ｍｏ（质量分数）合金显微组织、变形亚结构和室温、高温力学性能的影响。试验结果表明，经过包套锻复合热机械处理，可以在ＴｉＡｌ基合金整个试样上获得均匀、细小的各种典型形态的显微组织。其中，具有均匀、细小全层片状显微组织的试样，显示出良好的室温和高温综合力学性能。     

添加钨和稀土元素对TiAl合金性能的影响

采用机械合金化结合粉末冶金技术制备Ti-44.7Al、Ti-44.7Al-xW、Ti-44.7Al-xLa-yCe合金材料,采用透射电镜和金相显微镜研究不同W、La、Ce添加量对机械合金化TiAl基合金的显微组织的影响,并对合金的力学性能进行测试.研究表明,在不添加任何元素时TiAl合金颗粒的平均尺寸为30～60 μm,但添加微量稀土元素La、Ce对TiAl基合金的细化作用非常明显,其平均尺寸为20 μm;通过机械合金化在TiAl基合金系统中添加微量W元素会形成新的固溶体相,这种新成分相大大提高TiAl基合金的抗弯强度σb,当W添加量为1.0%时,σb达到峰值,随后随着W原子数分数的增加,抗弯强度降低;TiAl合金的抗弯强度σb开始随着稀土元素La的增加而增加,在0.5%原子数分数处达到峰值,然后强度随稀土原子数分数的继续增加而下降;而合金的强度却随添加Ce的原子数分数的增加而直线下降,同时添加W的TiAl合金的强度高于加稀土La、Ce的TiAl合金的强度.     

W-Ni-Fe高比重合金的SPS烧结行为

采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)设备制备了93W-5.6Ni-1.4Fe高比重合金,烧结温度范围为1 100～1 180 ℃,保温时间为5 min.对不同烧结温度下的样品进行了密度、硬度、抗弯强度等性能测试,采用场发射SEM观察了样品表面形貌及断裂行为.结果表明:采用SPS烧结,可以在较低的温度下实现93W-5.6Ni-1.4Fe高比重合金的固相烧结,使合金致密化,并能有效控制钨晶粒长大,提高材料的硬度、抗弯强度等力学性能.     

烧结温度对Ti-15Nb-25Zr-2Fe合金组织与力学性能的影响

采用放电等离子烧结技术制备Ti-15Nb-25Zr-2Fe钛合金，研究了烧结温度（800，1 000和1 200 ℃）对合金致密度、相组成、显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明：合金的致密度随烧结温度的升高逐渐升高。800 ℃烧结的样品主要由β相、α"相、α相和单质Zr组成。1 000 ℃和1200 ℃烧结的样品主要由β相和α"相组成，α"相含量随烧结温度的升高逐渐降低。三种温度烧结的样品中均观察到未固溶的Nb，其含量随烧结温度的升高逐渐降低。随着烧结温度的升高，合金的抗压强度逐渐升高，塑性先升高后降低。     

放电等离子烧结制备Mg2-xNdxNi（x=0～0.3）储氢合金

采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)工艺制备了Mg2-xNdxNi(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3)储氢合金.通过X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)研究了合金的相结构和表面形貌,利用等容压差法分析测试了合金的压力--组成--温度(PCT)曲线和吸放氢动力学性能,研究了烧结温度、稀土元素Nd对储氢合金微观组织结构和储氢性能的影响,比较了SPS技术与真空感应熔炼法制备的Mg基合金组织结构和储氢性能的异同.结果表明:SPS制备的Mg2-xNdxNi(x=0～0.3)系列储氢合金具有多相结构,储氢合金的吸放氢动力学性能良好;Nd元素有利于Mg合金化,不利于储氢量;烧结温度对储氢量、PCT曲线平台性能有明显影响;当Mg2-xNdxNi系合金中含有Mg和NdMg12相,PCT曲线出现双平台现象;与铸态合金相比,SPS制备的Mg1.7Nd0.3Ni储氢合金的吸放氢动力学性能较好,但储氢容量、放氢率和PCT曲线平台性能更差.     

机械合金化方法制备细晶钛合金

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、力学性能分析等手段探讨了采用机械合金化技术制备细晶钛合金的工艺,研究了工艺参数对钛合金显微组织与力学性能的影响.研究结果表明,采用机械合金化技术和热压工艺可以制备出高致密度、显微组织均匀细小的钛合金,且延长机械合金化时间有利于提高显微组织的均匀度和细化晶粒,球磨36 h的粉末所制得样品的晶粒尺寸为6 μm,所制备的钛合金的力学性能与显微组织符合Hall-Petch关系.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.