一株茶树内生放线菌的分离鉴定及抗菌活性测定

从茶树内生真菌芒果球座菌(Guignardia mangiferae)的菌落表面分离获得1株放线菌菌株BF-01,通过形态学观察和16S rDNA序列分析及抗菌活性测定,初步鉴定该菌株为卡伍尔链霉菌(Streptomycescavourensis).对其代谢产物进行了抑菌活性的初步研究,发现该菌发酵产物对除1株木霉外的7株茶树内生真菌及6株植物病原真菌均表现出不同程度的抑制作用.其发酵液氯仿萃取物对供试的5种病原细菌、1种白假丝酵母菌有较明显的抑制作用,对2种植物病原真菌的孢子萌发也有较强的抑制作用,表明菌株BF-01及其代谢产物具有广谱的抑菌活性.     

梵净山土壤来源链霉菌Streptomyces sp.FJS11-2次级代谢产物分析及抗菌活性研究

为了分析链霉菌Streptomyces sp. FJS11-2菌株次级代谢产物及次级代谢产物抗菌活性筛选,采用UPLC-DAD-HRMS方法对其次级代谢产物进行组分分析.用纸片扩散法对菌株次级代谢产物进行抗菌活性测试,测试菌株为金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌、粪肠球菌及布氏杆菌. UPLC-DAD-HRMS分析结果表明,该菌株含有多种未知代谢产物.且抗菌活性研究结果表明,该菌株代谢产物具有抗金黄色葡萄球菌、布氏杆菌活性. UPLC-DAD-HRMS分析结果及抗菌活性结果,为后续从该菌株次级代谢产物中发现活性良好、结构新颖的化学成分奠定基础,同时该方法也避免化学成分重复发现.     

延胡索内生真菌的分离鉴定及产功能酶菌株的初步筛选

采用纯培养分离方式获得纯化延胡索内生真菌菌株,通过形态学特征、ITS r DNA序列分析对分离菌株进行鉴定,利用6种培养基筛选出代谢产功能酶菌株。分离获得312株内生真菌,可归类于9个属,其中镰刀菌属是优势类群。对已测序的30株内生真菌产酶活性研究表明20株试验菌株产纤溶酶,18株产复合酶,16株产碱性蛋白酶,10株产接触酶,1株产纤维素酶;其中4株内生真菌可代谢产生4种不同功能酶,为代谢产多酶系菌株。延胡索内生真菌的分离鉴定及产功能酶菌株的筛选不仅丰富了内生真菌资源,而且也为获得新颖结构化合物提供理论基础。     

产黄酮马齿苋内生真菌的筛选及代谢产物抑菌效果初步研究

从马齿苋植株中分离内生真菌,提取其代谢产物,以黄酮类化合物显色反应和紫外光谱特征对内生真菌代谢产物进行初步鉴定,筛选得到产黄酮内生真菌AG-10,使用ITS1、ITS4通用引物,扩增菌株AG-10的18S rDNA序列,结合菌落和分生孢子形态特征,对菌株AG-10进行分类鉴定,并采用滤纸片法研究AG-10的代谢产物抑菌效果;菌株AG-10鉴定结果为镰刀菌(Fusarium sp.),其代谢产物可抑制金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌,最小抑菌质量浓度分别为1.0 mg/mL和2.0 mg/mL。研究结果证实了马齿苋中存在有可能产黄酮类化合物的内生真菌,为利用微生物产黄酮类化合物提供参考。     

表观遗传调控滇重楼内生真菌活性物质的合成

提出化学表观筛选——分子遗传平台策略,利用表观遗传理论调控滇重楼内生真菌抗菌活性物质的合成。化学表观遗传筛选是对真菌进行高通量化学表观抑制剂的筛选,旨在经济快捷地获得抗菌活性物质合成受到表观调控的菌株;建立分子遗传平台是根据同源基因克隆真菌的相关表观遗传酶类基因,靶向改变表观遗传酶类的表达,旨在获得遗传稳定性高的改良菌株。     

北部湾广西海域海洋真菌多样性及其生物活性研究

本研究从北部湾广西海域采集的海绵、珊瑚、沉积物等样品中分离真菌，旨在挖掘北部湾的海洋真菌资源，筛选出具有潜在抗肿瘤或抗菌活性的菌株。采用稀释涂布法和基于内转录间隔区基因序列(ITS)的系统发育树法分析海洋真菌的多样性信息，并通过滤纸片琼脂扩散法和MTT比色法评价菌株的抗菌、抗肿瘤活性。分离得到45株海洋真菌，隶属17属。其中青霉属(Penicillium)和曲霉属(Aspergillus)为优势种群，分别占总菌株种类的26.7%和24.4%。此外，获得一株潜在的新种菌株Myrothecium gramineum GXIMD01018。活性筛选结果发现菌株Aspergillus japonicus GXIMD01014、Penicillium oxalicum GXIMD01021、Talaromyces purpureogenus GXIMD01024等6株真菌的次级代谢产物对人结直肠癌细胞具有较显著的细胞毒活性，菌株T.purpureogenus GXIMD01024的代谢粗提物具有一定的抗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococc...     

南沙石珊瑚来源真菌Aspergillus terreus SCAU139的聚酮类代谢产物研究

为了从海洋来源真菌的次生代谢产物中寻找抗植物病原真菌药物先导结构,采用PCR扩增技术对一株南沙石珊瑚来源真菌进行种属鉴定,运用柱色谱分离方法和波谱分析手段分离鉴定该菌株的次级代谢产物,并结合滤纸片扩散法测试单体化合物的抗菌活性。菌株鉴定为Aspergillus terreus,从其代谢产物中分离鉴定出7个已知化合物,分别为4-hydroxy-3-（3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl）-benzaldehyde（1）、terrein（2）、4-hydroxybenzaldehyde（3）,monacolin K（4）、butyrolactone I（5）、pernolide D（6）、hydroxysulochrin（7）,以上单体化合物对苹果黑点致病菌Alternaria alternate和菠萝黑心致病菌Curvularia australiensis的生长无明显抑制效果。石珊瑚来源真菌的次级代谢产物含有多种结构类型的聚酮类化合物。     

浙江清凉峰地衣内生菌物种多样性及活性研究

采用挑取地衣体髓层菌丝法对浙江省清凉峰的地衣内生菌进行分离培养。基于ITS序列和28S序列的系统发育分析表明,选取的55株内生菌都属于子囊菌门且具高度的物种多样性。用滤纸片法检测该内生菌次生代谢产物的抗细菌、真菌活性,发现其中有8株具抗菌活性,占所测菌株的14.55%,抑菌圈的直径最大达到3 cm。研究表明地衣内生菌可产生丰富的具抑菌活性的次生代谢产物,可作为对多种病原物具有抑菌活性物质筛选的资源,是抑菌活性物质潜在的、丰富的资源库。     

中华剑角蝗肠道共生真菌的分离鉴定及抑菌活性筛选

为了解中华剑角蝗肠道共生真菌的种类,并通过共生真菌次生代谢产物抑菌活性筛选,为蝗虫共生真菌的次生代谢产物开发利用提供参考.将采自湖北神农架的中华剑角蝗通过表面消毒后对其肠道共生菌分离纯化,运用rDNA-ITS序列分析进行鉴定,NJ法构建系统发育树分析其亲缘关系.以魔芋软腐菌、水稻白叶枯菌和猕猴桃溃疡菌为测试菌株,用滤纸片法对共生真菌的发酵液进行了抗菌活性筛选.结果显示,从中华剑角蝗的肠道中分离得到18株共生真菌,分属6科8属,其中青霉菌属和镰刀菌属是优势菌群,分别占总分离株的33.33%和27.78%;系统发育分析显示,18株共生真菌具有较丰富的种类多样性;抗菌实验结果表明,18株共生真菌有4株菌的代谢产物至少对1种测试病原菌有抑菌活性,占分离株的22.22%,其中有2株菌的次生代谢产物对魔芋软腐菌有较强的抑制作用.     

添加前体对2株真菌次级代谢产物及其生物活性的影响

为探究添加前体物质对红树植物杨叶肖槿(Thespesia populnea)来源内生真菌Talaromyces sp.YX-001和Penicillium sp.YX-002次级代谢产物及其生物活性的影响,选取马铃薯葡萄糖液体(Potato Dextrose Broth,PDB)培养基和察氏(Czapek''s)培养基,分别在其中添加2种前体物质(甲戊二羟酸和酪氨酸),采用12孔板对菌株进行微量发酵培养。通过分析菌株次级代谢产物的产量、HPLC指纹图谱、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)抑制活性、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除活性和卤虫致死活性,探究添加前体物质前后菌株次级代谢产物的化学多样性和生物活性的变化情况。结果表明：添加2种前体物质均可使菌株次级代谢产物的产量和化学多样性增加,但生物活性的变化有所不同。酸性环境可能会促进菌株中具有较好DPPH自由基清除活性的次级代谢产物的合成,但其具体机制还有待进一步研究。本研究为深入研究杨叶肖槿内生真菌Talaromyces sp.YX-001和Penicillium sp.YX-002的次级代谢产物奠定了基础。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.