四川中江气田沙溪庙组天然气成因类型及气源对比

探讨四川盆地中江气田侏罗系沙溪庙组天然气的成因和气源,为找气提供理论依据。利用天然气组分特征、碳同位素特征、轻烃特征等地球化学资料对该区天然气成因类型进行了分析,根据轻烃的气、源配对参数和碳同位素参数对天然气的来源进行了追踪。沙溪庙组天然气以烃类气体为主,含少量的非烃类气体,为腐植型干酪根裂解成因的煤型气;对碳同位素和轻烃的研究均表明,天然气为有机成因的煤型气。气源对比结果表明,须五段烃源岩为沙溪庙组煤型气的主要来源。中江气田侏罗系沙溪庙组气藏为次生气藏。     

鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区天然气地球化学特征及其成因

在对鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区奥陶系天然气地球化学特征研究的基础上,将其组分、烷烃气碳同位素、氦同位素、氩同位素等与盆地中部主要气田进行了对比,并结合区域地质背景综合分析了天然气的成因类型.指出该地区奥陶系天然气具有"干燥系数大、二氧化碳含量高、烷烃气碳同位素组成轻、热演化程度高"的特点,与靖边气田奥陶系天然气地球化学特征非常接近.应用国内学者建立的甲烷碳同位素与镜质体反射率关系方程式计算了富县地区奥陶系天然气的Ro约为3.33%,处于过成熟演化阶段.利用天然气成因判别图版综合分析,认为富县地区奥陶系天然气为油型气和煤成气的混合气体,且以油型气为主.     

新场地区上三叠统须五段陆相页岩层系非常规天然气特征与成因

除下古生界海相页岩具有页岩气开采的价值外,四川盆地陆相领域页岩层序也非常发育;其中川西坳陷须五段获得突破,但其非常规天然气地球化学特征十分复杂、成因类型多样,开展非常规天然气特征和成因的研究对于有效的认识四川盆地陆相页岩的勘探开发前景具有重要意义。在对川西坳陷上三叠统须五段陆相页岩层序天然气组分和同位素特征分析的基础上,结合该区实际地质条件的分析,研究了天然气的成因类型、天然气成熟度和天然气的赋存状态。结果表明:须五段天然气主要为烃类气体,甲烷含量、干燥系数变化大;但平均值较低,烷烃同位素具有δ13C1δ13C2δ13C3δ13C4的正常序列分布特点;但甲烷碳同位素值(δ13C1)变化大,在-44.4‰~-27.1‰之间;乙烷碳同位素值明显偏轻,介于-28.1‰~-22.9‰之间。须五段天然气为典型煤型气,具有成熟-中等成熟阶段热成因气的特征;天然气为吸附气与游离气的混合气体,但以吸附气为主,在生产过程中,由于同位素的分馏效应,导致天然气甲烷碳同位素偏重。     

百色盆地第三系浅层气成因类型与形成机制

在分析百色盆地第三系浅层气地球化学特征的基础上，利用天然气的化学组成和稳定碳同位素比值关系对该盆地浅层气的成因类型进行鉴别，同时根据浅层气的赋存状态与空间展布规律，从浅层气的化学组成和碳同位素组成变化特征入手，结合其它地质、地化资料，探讨盆地浅层气的形成机制。认为百色盆地浅层气以烃类气体为主，其中甲烷占优势；甲烷碳同位素组成偏轻，具有生物成因气的碳同位素组成特征。随气藏埋深增加，浅层气中甲烷含量降低，Cz 重烃增多；甲烷碳同位素组成变重；天然气密度升高。盆地浅层气可划分为三种成因类型：生物气、生物气-低熟混合气、油层菌解气。提出盆地具有沉积、成岩过程中的早期成气作用、抬升之后的后期成气作用和晚期复合成藏三种形成机制。     

川西坳陷中段须家河组天然气地球化学特征与气源追踪

川西坳陷中段上三叠统须家河组天然气组成、碳同位素、天然气轻烃的地球化学特征及气源追踪研究表明:须家河组天然气不含H2S,属于典型的煤成气.其中川西坳陷整体表现为须二天然气以自生自储为主,不排除下部小塘子组和马鞍塘组源岩对其有一定贡献.须四上亚段天然气也以自生自储为主,在有断达深部的断裂发育地区可能有下部(如须二)天然气窜层运移至该层,须四下亚段天然气主要来自须三段.须五段天然气则主要为自生自储为主.     

济阳坳陷孤北潜山天然气地球化学特征及成因分类

运用天然气地球化学分析技术,详细剖析了济阳坳陷孤北潜山带天然气的组成、稳定碳同位素及轻烃色谱特征,从中提取出了反映天然气母源及热演化程度的有效信息,并依据天然气成因类型划分标准对其进行了分类.认为该区天然气皆为有机成因的热解气,其中古近系沙四段和奥陶系储层的天然气为油型气;石炭-二叠系储层的天然气部分为煤型气,部分为煤型气和油型气的混合气.     

桥口、白庙地区天然气地球化学特征及气源追踪

目的 为指导油气勘探,对桥口、白庙地区油气的地球化学特征及气源追踪进行了研究。方法 通过对天然气成分、稳定碳同位素、稀有气体同位素等地化特征的对比研究,准确分析油气的来源地区和层位。结果 桥口地区油气主要来源于前梨园洼陷下第三系烃源岩,天然气为油型气;白庙地区油气成因比较复杂,有来源于前梨园洼陷、葛岗集洼陷的下第三系烃源岩和深部石炭-二叠纪煤系地层烃源岩,其构造翼部为油型气,构造腰部为混合气,构造高部为煤型气。结论 为气源分析提供了一种新方法,对天然气勘探有重要意义。     

塔里木盆地轮南地区天然气成藏特征分析

通过天然气物性特征统计分析,阐明了轮南地区天然气分布特征,指出深部的奥陶系和石炭系天然气干燥系数较高,一般在0.95以上;三叠系天然气干燥系数较低,大都在0.9附近。通过天然气地球化学特征及成因分析,阐明了轮南地区天然气为油型气且为干酪根裂解气的成因,揭示了天然气碳同位素局部倒转由同型不同源或同源不同期天然气混合造成。结合油气成藏过程分析,认为三叠系天然气主要是分馏作用形成的,所以干燥系数较低;深部奥陶系和石炭系天然气主要是烃源岩过成熟期生成的天然气,因此干燥系数较高。两期天然气的混合导致天然气碳同位素局部倒转,由于烃源岩过成熟期生成的天然气主要是甲烷,所以混合后仅出现甲烷和乙烷的碳同位素倒转。     

鄂尔多斯盆地天环坳陷北部奥陶系天然气成藏期次

以鄂尔多斯盆地天环坳陷北部奥陶系含气储层为研究对象,进行天然气成藏期次研究。采用流体包裹体岩相学观察及均一温度测试、气烃包裹体激光拉曼和包裹体碳同位素分析技术,结合埋藏热演化史分析,确定了天然气成藏期次,并根据已有天然气地球化学特征及成藏地质条件,建立了成藏流体演化特征及成藏过程。结果表明,奥陶系含气储层发育早、晚两期烃类包裹体,早期以沥青包裹体和液烃包裹体为主,反映早期原油成藏过程,包裹体均一温度峰值122～142℃对应中侏罗世成藏过程;晚期发育气液烃和气烃包裹体为主,包裹体均一温度峰值154～168℃对应侏罗纪末—早白垩世成藏过程。包裹体气烃成分主要为CH_4,其甲烷碳同位素平均值在-38.84‰,表明包裹体中CH_4来源于早期原油裂解成因气。结合研究区天然气成藏地质特征分析,侏罗纪末-早白垩世为天然气关键成藏期,在天环坳陷斜坡深部及深凹陷区可以形成源自奥陶系气源岩的内幕气藏。     

川中地区侏罗系天然气成因类型及气源

针对川中地区侏罗系天然气成因类型及气源的认识存在不同的观点,作者综合天然气组分特征、碳同位素特征、轻烃特征对该问题进行了探讨。组分分析结果表明,侏罗系天然气主要为干酪根裂解气;碳同位素分析结果表明,侏罗系天然气主要为油型气,部分为煤型气;轻烃分析结果表明,侏罗系天然气以油型气为主。综合上述成因类型分析结果认为:川中地区侏罗系天然气以干酪根裂解成因油型气为主,同时存在少量的煤型气。川中地区侏罗系油型气来自侏罗系烃源岩,煤型气来自上三叠统烃源岩。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.