铜单晶铸过程中固液界面位置和形状的数值分析

为了准确地控制工艺参数,获得表面光洁、高质量的连铸铜单晶,采用数值分析方法研究铜单晶连铸时固液界面的位置和形状.发现铸型温度(TM)、连铸速度(v)、冷却位置(L)和熔体温度(TL)影响固液界面的位置和形状,并且铜单晶连铸时固液界面向熔体呈凸出形状.当固液界面位于铸型内距出口端2～3mm时,可获得表面光洁、晶体取向度小于10°的连铸铜单晶.为了获得高质量的单晶,固-液界面面必须平滑,甚至是平界面.计算结果与实验结果吻合很好,可用数值分析方法确定连铸铜单晶的工艺参数,为铜单晶连铸提供理论依据.     

金刚石车削单晶锗平面表面粗糙度扇形分布…

建立了金刚石削单晶锗切削力的分布模型，研究了车削单晶锗平面时表面粗糙度呈现扇形区分布特征的成因机制，并进行实验验证，采用飞切方法加工单晶锗时，可以制得表面粗糙度Ｒａ值为０．００７～０．００９μｍ的匀质光滑表面。     

大直径单晶铜棒材的连续定向凝固制备

采用自制真空熔炼、氩气保护连续定向凝固设备成功制备出了大直径单晶纯铜棒材,研究了工艺参数对大直径连续定向凝固纯铜棒材凝固组织与表面质量的影响,分析测试了连续定向凝固大直径纯铜棒材的力学性能和电学性能.结果表明:在熔体温度1150～1180℃、结晶器出口温度750℃、冷却水量900 L·h-1、冷却距离50 mm以及拉坯速度9 mm·min-1时,可连续稳定地制备直径为φ16mm的表面光亮的单晶纯铜棒材.其抗拉强度128.52MPa,延伸率76.7%,导电率105.2%IACS,具有优良的力学性能和电学性能.     

铜单晶连铸过程中固液界面位置和形状的数值分析

为了准确地控制工艺参数 ,获得表面光洁、高质量的连铸铜单晶 ,采用数值分析方法研究铜单晶连铸时固液界面的位置和形状 .发现铸型温度 (TM)、连铸速度 (v)、冷却位置 (L)和熔体温度 (TL)影响固液界面的位置和形状 ,并且铜单晶连铸时固液界面向熔体呈凸出形状 .当固液界面位于铸型内距出口端 2～ 3 m m时 ,可获得表面光洁、晶体取向度小于 10°的连铸铜单晶 .为了获得高质量的单晶 ,固 -液界面面必须平滑 ,甚至是平界面 .计算结果与实验结果吻合很好 ,可用数值分析方法确定连铸铜单晶的工艺参数 ,为铜单晶连铸提供理论依据 .     

工艺参数对连续定向凝固Cu-12%Al线材表面质量、组织和性能的影响

采用真空熔炼、氩气保护下拉式连续定向凝固方法制备了直径为6mm的Cu--12%Al（质量分数）合金线材,并研究了结晶器长度、熔体温度和拉坯速度对线材表面质量、组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:在结晶器长度为20～40mm,熔体温度为1100～1250℃,拉坯速度为10～70mm·min^-1范围内,可以稳定制备出具有单晶或柱状晶组织的线材.缩短结晶器长度、提高熔体温度或拉坯速度均有利于改善线材表面质量;降低熔体温度、增加结晶器长度或提高拉坯速度连铸有利于获得连续柱状晶组织.当结晶器长度为30mm,熔体温度为1100～1150℃,拉坯速度为10～70mm·min^-1时,线材横截面晶粒尺寸随拉坯速度的增加先减小而后增加.在结晶器长度30mm,熔体温度1150℃,拉坯速度30mm·min^-1条件下制备的连续柱状晶组织线材,其延伸率可达25.7%.     

金刚石线锯切割对砷化镓切片表面质量的影响

采用金刚石线锯对直径65 mm的单晶砷化镓棒材进行切割实验,锯丝线速度分别为0.8,2.5 m.s-1,进给速度分别为0.6,1.5,2.5 mm.min-1.应用原子力显微镜(atomic force microscopy,AFM)测量切割后砷化镓切片的表面粗糙度,根据脆塑转变中的滑移理论分析了金刚石线锯切割砷化镓晶体的加工过程.结果表明:当进给速度为0.6 mm.min-1,线速度为2.5 m.s-1时,切割表面平整,无崩碎现象,表面粗糙度值达55.21 nm.提高线速度,表面粗糙度减小;提高进给速度,表面粗糙度增加.当进给速度较大时,提高线速度,表面粗糙度减小不明显,其主要原因是由于进给速度过高后系统振动、冲击增强所致,而锯丝磨损、磨粒脱落也是切割表面质量降低原因之一.     

悬臂掘进机截割头牵引速度和牵引力的变化规律

本文根据悬臂掘进机工作机构的液压回转装置，导出了截割头纵向与横向牵引速度和牵引力的表达式，分析了在采用不同的液压回转装置时，截割头牵引速度和牵引力的变化规律。     

SiC单晶线锯切片微裂纹损伤深度的有限元分析

为了实现对碳化硅单晶(SiC)线锯切片亚表面微裂纹损伤深度快速计算与非破坏性分析,基于SiC单晶锯切加工脆性模式的材料去除机理,选择材料脆性开裂本构模型,建立了SiC单晶线锯切片微裂纹损伤深度计算有限元模型。模型通过定义开裂状态量的输出,控制晶片表面单元失效与删除,将晶片上计算点区域内未失效单元节点到晶片表面最大距离提取为微裂纹损伤深度,实现了微裂纹损伤深度的仿真计算。研究了锯切过程的最大主应力与应力变化率的变化规律,仿真计算了切片微裂纹损伤深度,结果表明:锯切过程中距切点越近,最大主应力值与应力变化率越大;当工件进给速度一定时,锯丝速度提高,SiC晶片的微裂纹损伤深度降低;有限元模型的仿真计算值均小于实验测量值,结果变化趋势较一致,其相对误差范围为10%~15.92%。建立的有限元模型可以较准确地预测计算SiC单晶线锯切片微裂纹损伤深度。     

单晶镍基高温合金DD98微铣削表面质量试验

为研究单晶高温合金的微铣削表面质量,使用M.A.FORD双刃端铣刀,刀刃直径为0.8 mm,试验材料为单晶高温合金DD98,完成正交试验研究.通过极差分析找出主轴转速、进给速度、铣削深度对微铣削表面质量影响的主次因素,即主轴转速的影响最大,铣削深度其次,进给速度最小;采用统计学知识,获得切削工艺参数的优化组合,使表面粗糙度最小,即主轴转速为n=3.6 kr/min,铣削深度为ap=5μm,进给速度为v=100μm/s,对此优化方案重复试验,表面粗糙度值为951 nm.并对其切削机理和影响表面质量及形貌的原因进行深入的分析,对单晶高温合金的微加工理论的机理揭示具有一定的指导意义.     

镍基单晶高温合金微尺度磨削温度仿真

针对镍基单晶高温合金具有较强各向异性以及镍基单晶高温合金微尺度磨削温度场研究较少的情况,建立了基于Hill模型的三维磨削温度仿真模型,并采用任意拉格朗日－欧拉法(ALE),实现单晶材料微磨削过程有限元温度仿真,分析微磨削过程中的温度场分布及其变化情况,研究了不同磨削深度、磨削速度以及不同晶面(100),(110)和(111)对微磨削温度的影响规律.结果显示:微磨削高温区发生在磨粒前表面与工件接触的半椭圆形区域,即第Ⅱ温度区;磨削区域温度随着磨削深度增加而增加,随着主轴转速增加而增加;在镍基单晶高温合金不同晶面内微磨削时,(111)晶面温度最高,(110)晶面次之,(100)面微磨削温度最小.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.