基于反滴加-共沉淀法的水基Fe3O4磁流体制备及性能表征

用化学共沉淀法制备了Fe3O4纳米微粒,并用聚乙二醇(PEG)为表面活性剂进行表面修饰,制备稳定的水基Fe3O4磁流体,考察加料方式、铁盐浓度、表面活性剂用量等条件对Fe3O4纳米微粒粒径的影响,并用红外光谱及X射线衍射表征磁性颗粒的化学成分和晶体结构.结果表明:加料方式是影响产物粒径和磁性的重要因素,反滴法制备的磁流体粒径更小,磁性更强;铁盐浓度越高,磁流体粒径越大;随PEG质量浓度增大,磁流体粒径先减小后增大;n(Fe3+)=n(Fe2+)=0.3 mol/L,c(PEG)=50 g/L为最适宜的反应条件;未经包覆的Fe3O4纳米粒子平均粒径为15 nm,PEG包覆后粒径约为20 nm,呈现出核-壳结构.     

溶剂热法制备纳米Fe3O4粉体

通过溶剂热法,以FeOOH作为前驱体,以油酸作为表面活性剂,以十八烯为溶剂,制备了纳米Fe3O4颗粒,研究了油酸和FeCl3用量、反应时间对纳米Fe3O4粒子的大小以及分散性的影响.结果显示,FeCl3用量的增加和反应时间的延长均可使Fe3O4粒子粒径增大,油酸用量的增加会导致Fe3O4粒子粒径先减小再增大.利用XRD、TEM等手段对所制备颗粒的结构、形貌进行了表征,结果表明,所制备的纳米Fe3O4粒子属于反尖晶石结构.FeCl3用量为0.003mol,油酸用量为13.5mL时(即Fe3+/油酸约为1/15),在230℃反应12h得到结晶度较高,分散性良好,平均粒径比较小的纳米Fe3O4粒子.     

导向药物用纳米Fe3O4磁性粒子的制备及表征

采用化学共沉淀法先生成Fe3O4微粒,再将其分散于含有表面活性剂的水中的方法制备了纳米级Fe3O4磁性粒子.通过双层表面活性剂包覆可使Fe3O4磁性粒子稳定分散于水中而不聚集.在反应溶液pH值为11～12,温度为60℃及油酸钠为第1层表面活性剂,十二烷基苯磺酸钠为第2层表面活性剂的条件下制备了粒径为36nm的Fe3O4磁性粒子.实验结果表明:反应溶液pH值和表面活性剂是影响Fe3O4磁性粒子稳定性、粒径和饱和磁化强度的主要因素;利用XRD和IR证实了Fe3O4磁性粒子中存在Fe3O4和表面活性剂结构.所制备的纳米级Fe3O4磁性粒子可用作导向药物的磁载体.     

微乳液法制备Fe_3O_4纳米颗粒

利用微乳液法制备纳米Fe3O4颗粒,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠为表面活性剂,甲苯作为油相,Fe3+与Fe2+水溶液和NaOH水溶液为水相形成W/O乳浊液,制备出单分散、高磁性的纳米级Fe3O4颗粒。经XRD、TEM、SEM分析Fe3+与Fe2+的摩尔比、乳化温度(T)、表面活性剂用量(m)、乳化时间(t)等参数对结果的影响。研究表明:当Fe3+与Fe2+摩尔比n(Fe3+)∶n(Fe2+)=1.75∶1、乳化温度T=80℃、表面活性剂用量m=1.0 g、乳化时间t=1.0 h时,产物粒径小,表现为超顺磁性。     

微乳液法制备超细氧化铁的TPR研究

以十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)为表面活性剂,甲苯为油相,用微乳液法制备了超细氧化铁.样品的粒径分布和程序升温还原(TPR)测试表明,样品为超细Fe2O3并且粒径大小与其还原性能密切相关.TPR还原峰的动力学分析表明:Fe2O3的还原分三步进行:Fe2O3→Fe3O4→FeO→Fe,每步还原反应都是一级反应.通过粒径与TPR的分析,确定了制备超细氧化铁的条件:加料方式为正加法、沉淀温度为289 K、甲苯加入量为35mL、DBS加入量为6 mL.     

溶剂热合成纳米Fe_3O_4及其性能表征

采用溶剂热还原方法,以FeCl3.6H2O和乙二醇为原料,采用双表面活性剂,在180℃条件下合成了粒径从72 nm到447 nm的纳米Fe3O4粒子,研究了NaAc.3H2O在体系中的作用,探讨了反应时间,铁源浓度和表面活性剂等反应条件对产物的影响.利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD),傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对产物进行了分析和表征.结果表明NaAc.3H2O在反应中起着引导产物生成和分散剂的作用,Fe3O4粒径受反应时间,铁源浓度和表面活性剂的影响.合成的Fe3O4粒子显示出高的磁性能,在生物医药方面具有潜在的应用价值.     

细乳液体系中甲基丙烯酸丁酯低温原子转移自由基聚合

以四氯化碳(CCl4)为引发剂,抗坏血酸(Vc)为还原剂,甲基丙烯酸丁酯为单体,氯化铜为催化剂,十六烷(HD)为助稳定剂,十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为表面活性剂,六次甲基四胺为配体,低温时在细乳液中进行甲基丙烯酸丁酯的原子自由基聚合.研究了反应温度、SDS用量、HD用量、引发剂用量以及反应时间对产率的影响.用红外光谱对目标产物进行表征.实验结果表明甲基丙烯酸丁酯原子转移自由基聚合的最佳工艺条件是反应温度35℃,引发剂用量为0.20ml,SDS用量为3.20g,HD用量为0.25g,反应时间为4.0h.     

磁性聚苯乙烯(Fe_3O_4/PS)微球合成的影响因素分析

以共沉淀法制备的Fe3O4纳米颗粒作为磁核,用聚乙二醇(PEG)为分散剂,过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,苯乙烯为单体,在乙醇/水混合溶剂中,采用分散聚合法制备出聚苯乙烯磁性高分子微球.研究聚合温度、Fe3O4用量、引发剂用量、分散剂用量以及乙醇/水比例等反应条件对聚合物磁性微球粒径和磁性能的影响,找出的最佳工艺参数为:单体用量为15 mL,Fe3O4用量为0.5 g,引发剂与单体的质量比为10∶1 000,醇水体积比为45/50,分散剂PEG用量为25 g,最佳反应温度为75℃.     

水基Fe3O4磁流体的制备和磁光特性

以FeSO44@7H 2O(AR),Fe(NO3)3@9H2O(AR),NH3@H2O(AR)为原料,用水热法制备纳米Fe3O44粒子;通过选用合适的分散剂来克服磁性颗粒的沉降,采用超声波分散的方法,制备在重力场和磁场中稳定性好的磁流体.研究了影响水基FeaO4磁流体性能的主要因素,得到最佳条件Fe(NO3)3@9H2O和FeSO4@7H2O的量比为1.75,水热反应温度为160℃,反应时间为5 h,1.5 g Fe3O4分散于100 mL水中所需分散剂的用量为0.75 mL.所制备的产物经XRD和粒度仪检测,结果表明产物为单一相的Fe3O44,水基Fe3O4磁流体体系的粒径在100nm以下.     

湿法制备氧化亚铜微晶过程及其综合形貌控制

在碱性环境下,以CuSO4.5H2O为原料、葡萄糖为还原剂,采用湿法还原法制备Cu2O微晶.研究反应物摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间、添加剂用量及pH值对产物的收率、粒径和色泽的影响.通过对产品综合性能的分析表明,较佳反应条件为:n(CuSO4.5H2O)∶n(CH2OH(CHOH)4CHO)=1.2∶1,70℃下反应80min,硫酸铜用量为30.0g,添加剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)用量为2.0g,反应体系pH=10.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.