锂源对固相合成LiNi_(0.5)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)O_2正极材料性能的影响

采用高温固相法烧结制备得到正极材料Li Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)以及循环伏安(CV)、交流阻抗(EIS)等电化学性能测试手段,探讨高温烧结工艺中不同锂源对材料结构、形貌及电化学性能的影响,结果表明,采用Li OH作为锂源合成的材料与采用其他锂源相比,具有较好的层状结构和电化学性能.该材料在0.1C倍率下的首次充放电容量和库伦效率较高(172.7 m Ah/g,89.08%),在0.5C、1C倍率下循环50次后,材料的放电容量仍保持在144.5 m Ah/g和136.2 m Ah/g.     

微波法合成LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4尖晶石

分别利用溶胶-凝胶、有机共沉淀、水热过程3种方法制备前驱体,通过辅助微波加热制备了高电压正极材料镍锰酸锂(LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4)尖晶石;利用X射线衍射光谱(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电化学交流阻抗谱(EIS)和充放电测试,对所制备材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能进行了表征与测试。结果表明:不同制备方法所得前驱体经微波加热处理后均得到了立方结构的LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4尖晶石,晶体结构处于Ni/Mn分布有序与无序之间;溶胶-凝胶辅助微波法制备的LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4尖晶石结晶度较高,形貌规整,具有较好电化学性能,当放电流为0.2 C时,首次放电比容量为123.3 m A·h/g;在1 C下循环50圈后,容量保持率为94.5%。     

微波辅助法制备钴酸锌纳米花及其储锂性能

采用微波液相辅助法及退火处理制备了纳米花结构的钴酸锌(ZnCo_2O_4),并考察了不同退火温度对材料性能的影响。利用X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电镜(SEM)、循环伏安(CV)法、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和恒流充放电测试,对所制备材料的晶体结构、形貌以及电化学性能进行了分析。分析结果表明:不同退火温度均能制备出尖晶石结构的ZnCo_2O_4。随着退火温度的升高,ZnCo_2O_4纳米花趋于团聚。400℃退火制备的ZnCo_2O_4纳米花具有较好的电化学性能。在200 m A·g~(-1)的电流密度,经过50圈循环后,比容量仍高达673. 5 m A·h·g~(-1),对应的库伦效率为97. 5%,表现出了良好的循环性能和高充放电比容量。     

温度对水热反萃法合成锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO_4的影响

采用水热反萃法合成了锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO_4,重点研究了温度对LiFePO_4结构、形貌和电化学性能的影响.分别采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、循环伏安(CV)、交流阻抗(EIS)及恒电流充放电测试对样品的结构、形貌和电化学性能进行了表征.结果表明:在140~250,℃范围内水热反萃法可以合成纯相的LiFePO_4.用制备的LiFePO_4作为电池的正极材料,其电化学测试表明:250,℃合成的样品极化最小,同时具有最小的电荷转移阻抗和最大的Li+扩散系数,0.1,C下首次放电比容量为151.7,m A·h/g,较高倍率下循环40次再采用0.1,C时的放电比容量可达到161.9,m A·h/g,具有良好的倍率循环性能.     

明胶辅助-高温固相法合成LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4高电压正极材料

以醋酸盐为原料,分别在4个不同煅烧温度条件下,采用明胶辅助-高温固相法制备获得尖晶石型Li Ni0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料,通过XRD、SEM、FT-IR和充放电循环考察了这4种产物的组成结构、颗粒形貌和电化学性能.结果表明:随着煅烧温度升高,材料的结晶度相应提高,初始放电比容量逐渐增大,样品的最大初始放电比容量为137 m Ah/g.经600℃退火处理的材料的粒径尺寸增大,空间群结构转变为Fd3m相和P4332相同时并存,循环稳定性和小倍率放电能力也随之得到改善,而900℃煅烧的材料则在高倍率下表现出较优的容量保持率.     

固体电解质Li_5La_3Ta_2O_(12)包覆LiMn_2O_4的改性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶的方法低温制备石榴石结构的固体电解质Li5La3Ta2O12,并用其包覆Li Mn2O4来改善材料的电化学性能。通过XRD,SEM和TEM等表征手段对材料的结构和形貌进行分析,并通过恒电流充放电、循环伏安、交流阻抗等测试分析材料的电化学性能。研究结果表明:Li5La3Ta2O12包覆的Li Mn2O4材料与未包覆的材料相比,其电化学性能得到明显改善,经过150次循环后包覆材料的放电比容量保持率为92%,在高倍率10C(C为倍率)下包覆材料放电比容量为61.2 m A·h/g,而未包覆材料放电比容量仅为40.7 m A·h/g;包覆Li5La3Ta2O12后,Li Mn2O4的阻抗明显减小,大幅度提高了其循环性能和倍率性能。     

微波辅助法制备钴酸锌纳米花及其储锂性能

采用微波液相辅助法及退火处理制备了纳米花结构的钴酸锌(ZnCo2O4),并考察了不同退火温度对材料性能的影响。利用X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电镜(SEM)、循环伏安(CV)法、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和恒流充放电测试,对所制备材料的晶体结构、形貌以及电化学性能进行了分析。分析结果表明:不同退火温度均能制备出尖晶石结构的ZnCo2O4。随着退火温度的升高,ZnCo2O4纳米花趋于团聚。400℃退火制备的ZnCo2O4纳米花具有较好的电化学性能。在200mA·g-1的电流密度,经过50圈循环后,比容量仍高达673.5mA·h·g-1,对应的库伦效率为97.5%,表现出了良好的循环性能和高充放电比容量。     

聚苯胺包覆Cu~(2+)掺杂KMn_8O_(16)正极材料的电化学性能

以KMn O4、Mn SO4和HNO3为原料,采用化学沉淀法合成KMn8O16纳米棒,用Cu2+和聚苯胺(PANI)对KMn8O16进行了掺杂、包覆改性的研究.通过XRD、TEM等技术对合成材料的结构和微观形貌进行了表征;采用恒流充、放电系统及交流阻抗测试法对合成材料的电化学性能进行测试.结果表明:Cu2+掺杂和PANI包覆得到的样品作为锂离子电池正极材料时,经过50次循环后容量仍有178 m Ah/g,具有较高的可逆比容量和优良的循环性能,为研究高比容量和循环性能稳定的新型锂离子电池正极材料提供方向.     

微波辅助法制备钴酸锌纳米花及其储锂性能

采用微波液相辅助法及退火处理制备了纳米花结构的钴酸锌(ZnCo2O4),并考察了不同退火温度对材料性能的影响。利用X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电镜(SEM)、循环伏安(CV)法、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和恒流充放电测试,对所制备材料的晶体结构、形貌以及电化学性能进行了分析。分析结果表明:不同退火温度均能制备出尖晶石结构的ZnCo2O4。随着退火温度的升高,ZnCo2O4纳米花趋于团聚。400℃退火制备的ZnCo2O4纳米花具有较好的电化学性能。在200mA·g-1的电流密度,经过50圈循环后,比容量仍高达673.5mA·h·g-1,对应的库伦效率为97.5%,表现出了良好的循环性能和高充放电比容量。     

Li_3Ti_4CrMO_(12)负极材料制备及其电化学性能

基于Li_4Ti_5O_(12)结构,设计双离子取代反应,制备了3种新型锂离子负极材料Li_3Ti_4CrMO_(12)(M=Ni、Ca、Mg),这些取代型负极材料具有与钛酸锂相同的晶体结构.使用球磨、喷雾造粒以及固相合成工艺制备出一次粒子为200~300nm,二次颗粒为多孔球形的新型负极材料Li_3Ti_4CrMO_(12),并对其电化学性能进行了测试.循环充放电试验结果表明,制备的3种材料中,镁铬钛酸锂(Li_3Ti_4CrMgO_(12))具有较高的放电比容量和较好的循环稳定性,0.2C下首次放电比容量达158.6mA·h/g.10次循环后,放电容量为148.1mA·h/g,充电容量为149.1mA·h/g,容量保持率和库伦效率均在99%以上,显示了潜在的应用价值.循环伏安(CV)和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)分析表明,上述优良性能来自于Mg、Cr取代后导致的材料界面电阻的下降.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.