氮气中C-Si系材料的高温变化过程

以9组不同配料比的炭黑和单质硅为原料压制成试样, 在氮气气氛下,分别于1350,1400,1450,1500,1550℃下烧结,获得5个不同温度点合成样品: 采用XRD分析技术研究试样的物相演变过程, 研究C-Si系原料在氮气气氛合成过程中的物相变化和反应动力学机制.试验结果表明:试样在氮气气氛下合成,最终物相为SiC,α-Si3N4和β-Si3N4,硅含量高时还存在Si2N2O相,石英相和方石英相作为中间产物出现:氮化硅不仅可由单质硅氮化生成,还可由SiO2,Si2N2O与C还原氮化生成,α-Si3N4先于β-Si3N4生成,且温度升高会向β相转化,温度高于1500℃时,Si3N4会与残余的C反应生成SiC:合成温度和配料比是影响C-Si系原料合成产物的重要动力学因素.     

五元系PMMSN压电陶瓷材料及其低温烧结

设计并研究了一种新型五元系压电陶瓷材料Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)a(Mn1/3Nb2/3)b(Mn1/3Sb2/3)cZrdTieO3(PMMSN).以材料的准同型相界附近的组成为研究对象,采用普通合成法、不同合成路径的先驱体法进行材料合成,通过添加低温烧结促进剂实现低温烧结,并研究其对材料性能的影响.结果表明,三组元复合先驱体法合成材料的性能最佳,1100℃烧结样品的性能参数为Qm=1916,kp=0.56,d33=326pC/N,ε33T/ε0=1349,tanδ=0.0043.添加Si O2,CdO可使材料烧结温度降低到850℃～950℃,且基本保持了材料的特性,在低温共烧叠层功率型压电陶瓷器件方面显示出好的应用前景.     

自蔓延法制备Si3N4粉时的氮气压力

探讨了硅粉在普通氮气和高纯氮气中的高温自蔓延合成反应过程,分析了稀释剂、氮气纯度与压力、成型坯体的气孔率等工艺参数对硅粉自蔓延过程的点火、最高燃烧温度及产物特征的影响.从热力学、动力学及Si3N4热分解过程几个方面分析了低氮气压力下燃烧合成Si3N4的可行性.研究结果表明:只要最高燃烧温度不高于相应氮气压力下Si3N4的热分解温度,就可以用SHS方法合成Si3N4;并在氮气压力为0.6～2.6 MPa时.以纯硅粉为起始原料燃烧合成出游离硅含量小于O.5％,β与α相混合,粒度为1～2 μm的Si3N4粉末;低氮气压力下硅粉的自蔓延合成反应,必须要引入Si3N4稀释荆,压坯气孔率控制在0～70％,否则反应不能进行;体系最高燃烧温度随着氮气压力和压坯气孔率的增加而升高;所需的最低氮气压力随硅粉粒度增大而提高;产物形态沿圆柱样径向有差异,由外到里β—Si3N4相明显增加.     

铜(Ⅱ)-锰(Ⅱ)和铜(Ⅱ)-锌(Ⅱ)双核配合物的合成、表征及其对小麦的生长效应

合成了2种草酰胺桥联的新异双核配合物[Cu(Me2oxpn)Mn(tment)2]ClO4)2(I)和[Cu(Me2oxpn)Zn(bpy)2]（ClO4)2(Ⅱ），其中，trnen和bpy分别代表N，N，N′，N′－四甲基乙二胺和2，2′－联吡啶，Me2oxpn为N，N′－双（3－氨基－2，2－二甲基丙基）草酰胺根阴离子，用元素分析，红外光谱，电子光谱，摩尔电导及磁性测量等方法对配合物进行了表征，研究了配合物对小麦幼苗生长的影响。     

共沉淀法合成(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)(OH)2热力学分析

通过对共沉淀Me2+ (Me = Ni, Co, Mn)－NH3－OH-－H2O体系进行热力学分析,拟合出lg[Me]－pH关系曲线。以氢氧化钠为共沉淀剂,氨水为络合剂,采用共沉淀法进行锂离子电池(LIB)正极材料LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2前驱体(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)(OH)2的合成研究。热力学分析结果表明：共沉淀体系的最佳pH值为11,合适的氨水浓度[N]为0.1～0.5 mol/L,此时各种金属阳离子(Me2+)的损失最小。基于以上最佳合成反应条件,在不加其它还原剂和絮凝剂时,所得前驱体材料的振实密度达到1.32 g/cm3。     

高岭土碳热还原氮化制备Sialon粉末的反应过程研究

以高岭土为原料，采用碳热还原氮化法合成了Sialon粉末．通过对产物物相组成分析，探讨了合成Sialon粉末的反应过程，并对可能发生的不利于Sialon粉末合成的部分反应进行了热力学分析．研究表明：反应条件对产物组成有显著影响．氮气流量小，产物中有SiC生成；反应温度低、时间短将有莫来石相存在；温度过高或时间太长则产生A1N多型体和Si3N4相；只有足够的氮气流量、适宜的温度和反应时间才有利于Sialon的合成．     

N,N‘—二羧甲基大环醚双内酯的合成改进及机理

本文报道在无水、氮气保护下EDTA二酐与多缩乙二醇反应生成N,N’－二羧甲基大环醚双内酯（1—4）的合成改进及其机理。     

侧链含1，3，4—恶二唑单元和咔唑单元的共聚体电致发光材料的合成与表征

合成了两个新的侧链含1，3，4－恶二唑单元（OXD）和咔唑单元（VC2）的共聚体电致发光材料PVC2－MOXD和PVC2－POXD，它们的结构通过IR和^1HNMR进行了确定。两个共聚体在一般有机溶剂中有好的溶解性。热分析结果给出它们的玻璃化温度分别为105℃和125℃，N2气氛下加热 至360℃时失重率不大于5％。     

纳米SiC粉末对先驱体陶瓷增材性能的影响

为了减少先驱体陶瓷在高温裂解过程中裂纹及孔隙的产生，研究了惰性填料纳米SiC粉末对先驱体聚合物、先驱体陶瓷体积收缩率、陶瓷产率的影响.利用热重分析(TGA)、傅里叶转化红外线光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)等检测手段进行性能分析和结构表征，采用排水法计算先驱体陶瓷体积收缩率.结果表明:先驱体陶瓷的体积收缩率随纳米SiC粉末质量分数的增加而减小，先驱体陶瓷产率随纳米SiC粉末质量分数的增加而增加，当其质量分数为3%时，体积收缩率最小，为73.47%，先驱体陶瓷产率最大，为26.42%;在高温裂解过程中，当升温速率为4℃/min时，先驱体陶瓷表面无明显裂纹且平整光滑.SiC粉末作为惰性填料具有减少先驱体陶瓷体积收缩，提高陶瓷产率的作用，且效果明显.     

平面型三配位[(Me3Si)2N]3Nd的合成和晶体结构

无水NdCl3与(Me3Si)2NLi在THF中反应,并在甲苯中回流,可以得到具平面型三配位的[(Me3Si)2N]3Nd,其结构经X-衍射确定.晶体结构数据:C18H54N3NdSi6,Mr=625.42,六方晶系,空间群P3[ DD( -1c,a=16.487(2),c=8.4763(17),α=β=90°,γ=120°,V=1995.3(3)3,Z= 2,Dc =1.041g/cm3,F(000)=654,μ(MoKα)=1.489 mm-1.晶体结构分析表明, 在[(Me3Si)2N]3Nd中NdN3骨架呈平面型结构.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with