肝龙胶囊和美洲大蠊脱脂膏对正常大鼠胆汁分泌的影响

目的:研究肝龙胶囊和美洲大蠊脱脂膏对正常大鼠胆汁分泌的影响。方法:取80只大鼠随机分组,各组均按20 m L/kg进行灌胃给药,1次/d,连续给药7 d。采用大鼠胆汁流量实验、胆汁成分分析观察受试药的利胆作用。结果:肝龙胶囊无利胆作用,对胆汁成分无影响;而美洲大蠊脱脂膏具有利胆作用,其胆汁流量与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),使胆汁中TBL、DBL、IBL的含量降低(P<0.05)。结论:肝龙胶囊对正常大鼠无利胆作用;美洲大蠊脱脂膏则有利胆作用。     

益生茵对溃疡性结肠炎小鼠结肠粘蛋白MUC2和PPARγ的影响

目的 观察益生菌-嗜酸乳杆菌对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)实验小鼠结肠粘膜粘蛋白MUC2及PPARУ表达的影响,探讨其治疗UC的可能作用机制.方法 3%葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)制备小鼠急性UC模型.将50只Babl/c买验小鼠随机分为嗜酸乳杆菌组(DSS+LT)、阳性对照组(DSS+美沙拉嗪)、阴性对照组(DSS+冻干赋形剂)、模型对照组(DSS),另设正常对照组.观察指标包括:疾病活动指数(DAI)、结肠长度、组织学损伤评分.分别采用免疫组化、逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)法检测MUC2、过氧化物酶体增值物激活受体γ(PPARγ)的蛋白含量及基因表达水平.结果 益生菌能降低实验小鼠DAI积分和结肠组织学评分,增加结肠长度;同时促进结肠组织中MUC2,PPARγ表达.结论 益生菌能有效治疗DSS诱导的小鼠溃疡性结肠炎,可能与益生茵上调结肠粘膜中保护因子MUC2和PPARγ有关.     

美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3抗炎作用及机制研究

目的:研究美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3抗急性炎症的作用,并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法:采用二甲苯致大鼠耳肿胀和角叉菜胶致小鼠足跖肿胀法急性炎症模型考察美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3抗急性炎症的作用。结果:50、100mg/kg的CⅡ-3对大鼠耳肿胀有明显抑制作用;100、200mg/kg的CⅡ-3对小鼠足跖肿胀有非常明显的抑制作用,且能显著降低小鼠炎足浸泡液中炎症介质PGE2、组胺和MDA的含量,并能提高炎症组织中SOD的活性。结论:美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3对急性炎症具有较好的抑制作用,其抗炎作用可能与减少炎症介质的含量和清除自由基有关。     

美洲大蠊提取物CII-3体内外抗HSV-2实验研究

目的:研究美洲大蠊提取物CII-3抗HSV-2作用。方法:通过MTT法和CPE法测定美洲大蠊提取物CII-3抗HSV-2活性,计算其TC50、IC50及TI。以雌性小鼠生殖器疱疹为动物模型,在小鼠阴道内注射50μL HSV-2病毒原液,1次/d,连续7 d造模。以ACV为阳性对照,采用灌胃给药治疗10 d。应用ELISA试剂盒检测小鼠血清中TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-2的水平变化;称量小鼠免疫器官重量,计算脏器指数。结果:美洲大蠊提取物CII-3有抑制HSV-2致细胞病变的作用,其TC50值为190.55μg/m L,IC50值为28.71μg/m L,TI值为6.64μg/m L;美洲大蠊提取物CII-3能够提高小鼠血清中TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-2的水平,同时能够使小鼠的免疫器官重量增加。结论:美洲大蠊提取物CII-3有抗HSV-2作用,其抗病毒作用可能是通过提高机体免疫功能来实现。     

白芍总苷对葡聚糖硫酸钠致大鼠实验性结肠炎作用机制研究

目的探讨白芍总苷(tatol glucosides of paeony,TGP)对葡聚糖硫酸钠(dextran sulfate sodium,DSS)致大鼠实验性结肠炎的治疗作用及机制。方法由DSS诱导大鼠实验性结肠炎模型,给予白芍总苷治疗,观察大鼠一般状况、疾病活动度指数(Disease activity index,DAI)和组织学评分,ELISA法检测大鼠结肠组织TNF-α、IL-4和PGE2水平,免疫组化法检测NF-κBp65的表达水平。结果白芍总苷能明显改善结肠炎大鼠一般状况,减低DAI评分和组织学评分。与模型组相比,TNF-α、PGE2和NF-κBp65水平均显著降低(P<0.05),IL-4水平虽有上升趋势,但差异无显著性。结论白芍总苷可能通过抑制NF-κBp65活化,减少TNF-α和PGE2等炎症因子表达来有效缓解结肠炎大鼠结肠炎症状态。     

山丹黄参多糖对四氯化碳致急性损伤小鼠肝组织Caspase-3和TNF-α表达的影响

为研究山丹黄参多糖对四氯化碳(CCl_4)致小鼠急性损伤的影响,对50只小鼠分别灌胃山丹黄参多糖(12.5,25,37.5g·L~(-1))或等量的生理盐水7d,最后一次灌胃1h后腹腔注射1%的CCl_4橄榄油溶液,16h后处死小鼠,用免疫组织化学法检测Caspase-3,TNF-α在肝组织表达的变化,用比色法检测血浆碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和肝组织谷胱甘肽(GSH)活性的变化.结果显示实验对照组肝组织Caspase-3,TNF-α阳性表达均明显增强(P0.01),肝组织GSH活力明显降低(P0.01),血浆ALP含量显著升高(P0.01).而丹黄黄参粗多糖各组肝组织Caspase-3,TNF-α的阳性表达明显减少(P0.01),肝组织GSH活力显著或极显著升高(P0.05或P0.01),血浆ALP活性明显降低(P0.01).表明一定剂量的山丹黄参多糖可提高小鼠抗氧化能力,促进新陈代谢,降低Caspase-3,TNF-α的阳性表达,对四氯化碳造成的急性肝组织损伤有一定的保护作用.     

羊耳菊水提物对CCl4、D-GaLN致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

为研究羊耳菊水提物对CCl_4、D-GalN致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。通过腹腔注射0. 08%CCl_4花生油溶液建立小鼠急性肝损伤模型,测定小鼠血清中天门冬酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)含量,肝匀浆中总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽-过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力,以及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-1(IL-1)的含量; HE染色肝切片,显微镜观察肝组织病理改变;腹腔注射D-GalN(500 mg/kg)花生油溶液建立小鼠急性肝损伤模型,测定小鼠血清中AST、ALT含量。结果表明:羊耳菊水提液可降低CCl_4所致小鼠急性肝损伤小鼠血清中ALT、AST含量(P 0. 01),升高肝匀浆中SOD、GSH-Px活力(P 0. 01或P 0. 05)及降低TNF-α、IL-1的含量(P 0. 05);病理切片显示,羊耳菊三个剂量组动物肝细胞坏死、变性,细胞浆聚集及炎症细胞的浸润程度均较模型组减轻。羊耳菊水提液也可降低D-GalN所致小鼠急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST含量(P 0. 01或P 0. 05)。可见羊耳菊水提物对CCl_4、D-GalN所诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

Effect of HGF on cerebral water content, activity of MPO, TNF-α and IL-10 in rats subjected to focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion

目的:观察HGF对脑缺血/再灌注(L/R)大鼠脑含水量、MPO活性及TNF-α、IL-10的影响.方法:SD大鼠随机分为5组:对照组;脑L/R组;实验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,分别用质量分数为15、30、60 μg/kg HGF处理.线栓法制备大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞模型,缺血1.5h再灌注24h后,测定脑含水量、MPO活性,检测TNF-α、IL-10含量及mRNA水平的表达.结果:I/R大鼠脑含水量增加,MPO活性升高,TNF-α、IL-10含量及mRNA表达上升.不同质量分数HGF处理均能减少I/R大鼠脑含水量,降低MPO活性,下调TNF-α含量和mRNA水平,上调IL-10含量及mRNA表达.结论:促进抗炎症因子IL-10的表达、抑制促炎症因子TNF-α的表达可能是HGF减轻缺血性脑损伤炎症反应的机制之一.     

当归多糖对麻黄素小鼠肝组织抗氧化酶活性和NF-κB、TNF-α表达的影响

探讨当归多糖对麻黄素小鼠肝组织抗氧化酶活性和核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)表达的影响及其可能作用机制.小鼠连续腹腔注射4.0g·L-1麻黄素溶液,同时用当归多糖溶液(12.5,25.0g·L-1)进行灌胃,分别在5,10,15d时用分光光度法检测各组小鼠肝组织T-AOC、GSH-PX活性的变化,免疫组化法检测小鼠肝组织中NF-κB和TNF-α表达的变化.结果显示实验对照组小鼠肝组织T-AOC、GSH-PX活性明显降低(P0.01),肝组织NF-κB和TNF-α表达量显著增强(P0.05或P0.01),而当归多糖组T-AOC、GSH-PX活性与实验对照组相比显著升高,NF-κB和TNF-α表达量明显降低(P0.05或P0.01).结果表明,麻黄素影响小鼠肝组织抗氧化酶活性和NF-κB、TNF-α的表达,当归多糖能够提高小鼠肝组织抗氧化酶活性,抑制NF-κB和TNF-α的表达,对麻黄素致小鼠肝损伤有一定的保护作用.     

肠黏膜细胞TLR9活化对DSS诱导小鼠溃疡性结肠炎模型的影响

目的研究肠黏膜细胞内TLR9的活化对DSS诱导小鼠溃疡性结肠炎的影响.方法将小鼠随机分为6组,分别为PBS组、CpG ODN组、对照 ODN组、DSS+PBS组、DSS+CpG ODN组和DSS+对照 ODN组.其中PBS组、CpG ODN组、对照 ODN组的小鼠正常喂养,在当天给这3组小鼠通过腹腔分别注射PBS、CpG ODN和CpG ODN的对照 ODN;而给予DSS+PBS组、DSS+CpG ODN组和DSS对照 ODN组小鼠喂饲含有DSS的水,同样于当天给这3组小鼠通过腹腔分别注射PBS、CpG ODN和CpG ODN的对照 ODN.每天观察各组小鼠的状态、大便性状及大便隐血情况,作DAI评分;记录小鼠体质量变化.于第10天处死小鼠,分离结肠组织,进行组织学评分.结果经观察及检测发现:DSS+CpG ODN组小鼠的体质量下降明显,且状态不佳,DAI评分及组织学评分最高.结论 CpG ODN可加重DSS诱导的小鼠溃疡性结肠炎病情,对急性溃疡性结肠炎的造模具有促进作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with