血管内皮细胞生长因子在损伤修复中的作用

近年研究显示血管内皮细胞生长因子能够促进局部组织的血管化,而血管生成是生理及病理性组织生长和损伤愈合的基础,故血管内皮细胞生长因子在损伤修复中有重要的作用。目前认为这一作用主要是促进内皮细胞有丝分裂和使细胞通透性增强,通过和血管内皮细胞的特异性受体结合,产生强大的促进内皮增殖及血管生成作用而实现的。     

血管内皮细胞生长因子在损伤修复中的作用

近年研究显示血管内皮细胞生长因子能够促进局部组织的血管化,而血管生成是生理及病理性组织生长和损伤愈合的基础,故血管内皮细胞生长因子在损伤修复中有重要的作用.目前认为这一作用主要是促进内皮细胞有丝分裂和使细胞通透性增强,通过和血管内皮细胞的特异性受体结合,产生强大的促进内皮增殖及血管生成作用而实现的.     

内皮细胞生长抑制素：抗肿瘤血管生长的细胞因子

综述了内皮细胞生长抑制素的结构和功能,探讨了其与胶原蛋白ⅩⅢ的关系以及抗血管生成,抗肿瘤生长和转移的可能机理;展望了其在肿瘤诊断、治疗等方面的应用前景。内皮细胞生长抑制素是胶原蛋白ⅩⅢC-末端的酶解产物,在血管生成过程中起负调控作用,通过阻断血管生成的信号并诱导内皮细胞的凋亡而特异性地抑制内皮细胞的迁移和新血管的生成,从而抑制肿瘤的生长和转移,其抗血管生成的机制目前尚未完全清楚,研究显示它是一个结合紧密的球状折叠分子,一面富含精氨酸残基,是肝素的结合位点,推测与抗血管生成的机制有关,内皮细胞生长抑制素作为抗肿瘤的内源性药物,具有高效性,低毒性,无耐药性等优点。     

血管新生过程中尖端细胞的功能及其研究进展

血管新生是指微血管通过出芽的方式形成新的血管分支的过程,是促血管生成因子和血管生成抑制因子协调作用的复杂过程.揭示血管新生过程的机制,有助于了解血管发育的过程,为探索解决疾病过程中的血管新生的异常提供新的分子靶标.在血管出芽过程中,微血管内皮细胞可分化为尖端细胞和茎细胞两种不同的表型,其中尖端细胞主要发挥导航作用,引导微血管出芽的方向.尖端细胞在细胞外环境的各种因子的作用下,通过VEGF和Notch信号通路维持其作为尖端细胞的表型.尖端细胞的代谢途径与非尖端细胞明显不同,尖端细胞能够特异性增强糖酵解途径以适应血管新生时所处的低氧环境,非尖端细胞能够特异性利用脂肪酸代谢产物维持其增殖能力,推动尖端细胞向前延伸.     

软骨血管生成抑制因子抑制血管生成及其抗肿瘤作用的研究

测定了小牛软骨血管生成抑制因子对血管内皮细胞细胞毒作用,对内皮细胞骨架系统及其运动迁移的抑制效应,对小鼠肿瘤生长的对抑制效应。     

血小板衍生生长因子PDGF与肿瘤血管生成的研究进展

血小板衍生生长因子（platelet-derived growth factor,PDGF）是由多种细胞产生的重要多肽生长因子,可促进结缔组织细胞（如血管内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞）增殖等。PDGF家族目前已知的有4个成员,即PDGF-A,B,C,D。具有生物活性的PDGF分子一般以二硫键连接的同源二聚体或异源二聚体形式组成。PDGF经其受体PDGFR（platelet-derived growth factor receptor,PDGFR）介导后产生相应的生物学效应。体内外研究证实PDGF与肿瘤血管生成密切相关,PDGF主要通过募集周细胞刺激肿瘤血管生成,且周细胞的募集有利于肿瘤血管的成熟、稳定和存活。靶向PDGF的抗血管生成药物已成为肿瘤血管生成抑制剂中新的重要成员。     

天然产物抗血管生成的研究进展

抗血管生成治疗已成为恶性肿瘤治疗的重要途径。本文对近年来抗肿瘤血管生成的天然产物研究进行了归类,已有研究发现萜类、酚类、黄酮类、生物碱类和蒽醌类等天然产物有抑制血管生成的作用,并且通过细胞与分子学实验揭示了其抑制血管生成的机理。本文综述了近年天然产物抑制肿瘤血管生成的研究成果,希望能为中药材抗肿瘤药物开发提供新思路。     

人血管抑制素基因克隆、表达和生物活性分析

应用PCR技术从人胎肝cDNA库中扩增了人血管抑制素基因。将克隆的基因重组进酵母质粒pPIC9K获得含该基因的重组质粒pPIC9KA3。用电激法将质粒pPIC9K转化毕节酵母GSll5，经PCR检测获得含人血管抑制素基因的酵母工程菌GSll5(pPIC8KA3)。再用G418筛选法，在含不同浓度的G418平板上筛选高拷贝整合的转化子。对高拷贝整合的转化子进行发酵培养和诱导表达。SDS—PAGE及Westem印迹分析显示：表达产物约占胞外蛋白的43％，相当于94mg/L，并具有免疫活性。并能抑制bFGF诱导的鸡胚尿囊膜新生血管的生成。还对用G418筛选高拷贝整合转化子的方法做了探索。     

穗花杉双黄酮抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞血管形成的实验研究

为探讨穗花杉双黄酮(Amentoflame,AF)对人脐静脉内皮细胞ECV304血管形成及机制的影响,从而为穗花杉双黄酮治疗肿瘤及其他血管增生性疾病提供理论基础,采用MTS检测AF对ECV304血管内皮细胞增殖的作用,细胞划痕实验观察AF对ECV304细胞迁移的影响,体外血管形成实验观察AF对ECV304血管形成的影响,Western blot检测AF对ECV304细胞血管形成相关信号通路及蛋白如磷酸化AKT(p-AKT)、金属基质蛋白酶9(Matrix metalloproteinase-9,MMP-9)、促血管生成素2(angiopoietin 2,Ang 2)表达影响。结果表明AF能够抑制ECV304细胞的增殖作用,并呈梯度依赖性;AF具有抑制ECV304细胞迁移的作用,并且能够抑制ECV304体外血管样结构的形成;Western blot结果显示100μmol/L的AF能够降低ECV304细胞p-AKT、MMP-9、Ang-2的蛋白表达。     

重组诱导型一氧化氮合酶基因转染血管平滑肌细胞及对其增殖的影响

探讨重组诱导型一氧化氮合酶基因转染血管平滑肌细胞及产生的一氧化氮对血管平滑肌细胞增殖的影响。将诱导型一氧化氮合酶基因通过真核表达载体转入血管平滑肌细胞中 ,用Griess法测定转染细胞生成的一氧化氮的量。观察转染后平滑肌细胞生长状态情况 ,用流式细胞仪分析细胞周期的变化。结果正常细胞组NO的含量为78.4 4± 1 5 .38,而iNOS转染组NO含量为 2 36 .5 7± 31 .83,两组相比有非常显著差异 (P =0 .0 0 0 ,n =6 ) ,血管平滑肌细胞转染后生成一氧化氮。转染后的平滑肌细胞生长明显受到抑制 ,主要抑制平滑肌细胞周期G1 S期的过渡 ,使细胞停留在G1期。说明血管平滑肌细胞可以成功转染iNOS基因 ,生成的一氧化氮可明显抑制平滑肌细胞的增殖 ,为从血管非内皮成分进行iNOS基因转染提供了实验研究的依据     

In vitro study of human endothelial progenitor cells behaviour on nitrided Ni-free Ti–27Nb alloy

A superelastic Ni-free Ti–27Nb alloy has been synthesized and gas nitrided at high temperature to investigate its suitability for vascular implant applications. The cellular responses of human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) to both bare and nitrided Ti–27Nb alloy have been analyzed using Live/Dead staining, MTT assay, fluorescence microscopy and ELISA technique, as well as NiTi alloy for comparison. Live/Dead staining and MTT assay were performed to assess the cellular viability and proliferation, while fluorescence microscopy was used to analyze cell adhesion, cell morphology, and the expression of endothelial cell markers (VE-cadherin and von Willebrand factor). Secretion of the pro-inflammatory chemokine MCP (monocyte chemoattractant protein)-1 by the cells grown in contact with the analyzed materials was further verified using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results obtained revealed that adhesion, spreading, viability, proliferation rate and phenotypic markers expression of EPCs were similar on the surfaces of Ti–27Nb and NiTi alloys. Cells exposed to nitrided Ti–27Nb surface exhibited significantly decreased inflammatory response, which may be beneficial for reducing in-stent restenosis incidence.     

Anti-angiogenesis effect of generation 4 polyamidoamine/vascular endothelial growth factor antisense oligodeoxynucleotide on breast cancer in vitro

Objective: To study the effects of the generation 4 polyamidoamine/vascular endothelial growth factor antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN) compound on the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its mRNA of breast cancer cells and on the inhibition of vascular endothelial cells. Methods: We examined the morphology of G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN compound and its pH stability, in vitro transfection efficiency and toxicity, and the expressions of VEGF and its mRNA. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was used to detect the inhibitory function of the compound on vascular endothelial cells. Results: The compound was about 10 nm in diameter and was homogeneously netlike. From pH 5 to 10, it showed quite a buffered ability. The 48-h transfection rate in the charge ratio of 1:40 was 98.76%, significantly higher than that of the liposome group (P<0.05). None of the transfection products showed obvious toxicity on the cells. The expressions of both VEGF protein and its mRNA after G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN transfection decreased markedly. Conclusion: With a low toxicity, high safety, and high transfection rate, G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN could be a promising gene vector. Specifically, it inhibits VEGF gene expression efficiently, laying a basis for further in vivo animal studies.     

无细胞猪真皮的生物相容性评价

采用猪皮制备的无细胞真皮基质,在基质上接种血管内皮细胞(VEC),鼠成纤维细胞(3T3),在细胞水平检测其生物相容性.采用MTT法检测VEC、3T3在基质上增殖活力;将复合培养1周的VEC-真皮复合物作组织切片,光镜下观察细胞生长状况.结果发现VEC在无细胞猪真皮基质上增殖迅速,并已经形成单层细胞膜片,某些局部区域已形成2～3层细胞膜片.结果说明采用的无细胞猪真皮基质具有良好的生物相容性,该材料可能有广泛的应用前景.     

Homoharringtonine induces apoptosis of endothelium and down－regulates VEGF expression of K562 cells

Homoharringtonine (HHT) has currently been used successfully in the treatment of acute and chronic myeloid leukemias and has been shown to induce apoptosis of different types of leukemic cells in vitro. Emerging evidence suggests that angiogenesis may play an important role in hematological malignancies, such as leukemia. However, whether HHT can relieve leukemia by anti-angiogenesis is still unknown. We investigated the anti-angiogenesis potential of HHT with the human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (ECV304) and leukemic cell line (K562) in vitro. Cellular proliferation was determined by MTT assay and apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry, The mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was assessed by RT-PCR and VEGF protein production was detected by Western blot. Inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis by HHT were discovered in ECV304 cells, and appeared in a dose- and time-dependent manner, Also, treatment with HHT caused down-regulation of VEGF mRNA expression in K562 cells in similar dose- and time-dependent manner and inhibition of VEGF protein production in K562 cells in response to the enhancing concentration of HHT. The results demonstrated that HHT could also induce apoptosis in endothelium and down-regulate VEGF expression in K562 cells. In conclusion, we believe HHT has anti-angiogenesis potential and speculate that HHT might exert its anti-leukemia effects via reduction of angiogenesis.     

人参汤提取物对血管内皮细胞保护作用的研究

探讨人参汤提取物对血管内皮细胞的保护作用.采用体内、外血管内皮细胞损伤模型,测定体外血管内皮细胞破裂MTT染色后的OD值、体内血管内皮细胞损伤时血中CEC数及血清中NO的浓度.体外实验人参汤各剂量组的OD值比模型对照组降低(P<0.05)、体内实验人参汤各剂量组CEC数量、NO浓度比模型对照组都显著降低(P<0.01).实验结果表明,人参汤提取物对血管内皮细胞的损伤具有保护作用.     

绿茶多酚表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对肝癌Hep G2细胞的增殖抑制作用和凋亡诱导效应

表没食子儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯((-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate,EGCG)是绿茶多酚的主要成分,具有抗氧化、抗衰老、抗过敏和潜在的抗癌特性.本文运用MTT试验,DAPI染色和Annexin V-FITC分析了EGCG对肝癌Hep G2细胞的增殖抑制作用和凋亡诱导.结果表明,EGCG对Hep G2细胞具有明显的增殖抑制作用,存在剂量和时间依赖效应;EGCG能诱导Hep G2细胞凋亡,并具有剂量依赖效应.     

IRS1在藻蓝蛋白介导的H460细胞增殖和迁移调控中的作用

藻蓝蛋白来源于海洋藻类,是我国认可的食品着色剂和功能型食品．初期研究表明,藻蓝蛋白处理能抑制人类非小细胞肺癌系H460的体外增殖能力和迁移能力,使得其体外集落形成能力减弱．通过转录组学测序分析进一步探究具体作用机制,从藻蓝蛋白处理前后发生显著变化的基因中,筛选出了一个藻蓝蛋白处理后发生显著下调的基因,即胰岛素受体底物1（irs1）,并通过体外转染siRNA的方法抑制IRS1的表达,来研究其对非小细胞肺癌系H460的增殖和迁移能力的影响．采用MTT法检测细胞增殖,细胞划痕实验检测细胞迁移,克隆形成实验检测细胞集落形成能力,流式细胞术检测细胞周期分布．结果表明,下调IRS1的表达后,与对照组相比,细胞的生长速率降低,迁移能力、集落形成能力受到抑制,同时使细胞周期被阻滞到G1期．PI3K-AKT信号通路研究表明,藻蓝蛋白处理使得PI3K-AKT信号通路活性受到抑制,下调IRS1的表达使得PI3K-AKT信号通路部分蛋白表达也下调,通路活性受到一定程度抑制．本研究结果表明,藻蓝蛋白抑制非小细胞肺癌系H460体外活性功能的机制,可能与IRS1的表达和PI3K-AKT信号通路的活性有关,这为藻蓝蛋白的调控机制提供了有力的理论基础．      

Effects of vascular endothelial growth factor on angiogenesis of the endothelial cells isolated from cavernous malformations

Human cerebral cavernous malformation （CM） is a common vascular malformation of the central nervous system. We have investigated the biological characteristics of CM endothelial cells and the cellular and molecular mechanisms of CM angiogenesis to offer new insights into exploring effective measures for treatment of this disease. The endothelial cells were isolated from CM tissue masses dissected during operation and expanded in vitro. Expression of VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 was examined with immunocytochemical staining. Proliferation, migration and tube formation of CM endothelial cells were determined using MTT, wounding and transmigration assays, and three-dimensional collagen type I gel respectively. The endothelial cells were successfully isolated from the tissue specimens of 25 CMs dissected without dipolar electrocoagulation. The cells show the general characteristics of the vascular endothelial cells. Expression of VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 on the cells is higher than that on the normal cerebral microvascular endothelial cells. After treatment with VEGF, numbers of the proliferated and migrated cells, the maximal distance of cell migration and the length and area of capillary-like structures formed in the three-dimensional collagen gel increase significantly. These results demonstrate that expression of VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 on CM endothelial cells is up-regulated. By binding to receptors, VEGF may activate the downstream signaling pathways and promote proliferation, migration and tube formation of CM endothelial cells. VEGF/VEGFR signaling pathways play important regulating roles in CM angiogenesis.     

医用藻酸盐敷料体外降解的研究

研究藻酸盐医用敷料体外降解的规律及不同降解时间其产物对内皮细胞增殖情况的影响,为藻酸盐医用敷料在临床使用中提供参考。以PBS缓冲液(模拟体液环境)为降解介质,对藻酸盐敷料进行体外降解;用藻酸盐敷料的失重率、分子质量变化表征本体的变化规律;用降解液中降解产物的糖醛酸含量变化表征降解产物的变化规律。将降解液与内皮细胞共培养,用MTT法检测内皮细胞增殖情况。藻酸盐敷料在模拟体液环境条件下,可以被降解,42 d失重率为61.2%,降解过程中其分子质量逐渐减小,最终产物为糖醛酸,其浓度不断增大。不同时间的降解产物均能促进内皮细胞的增殖。藻酸盐医用敷料体外降解比较快,完全降解的最终产物为糖醛酸,其降解液可以促进内皮细胞的增殖、分化,提高细胞新陈代谢能力,增加新细胞的再生速度,促进伤口的愈合。     

依地福新抑制Jurkat细胞生长机制的研究

目的观察依地福新对体外培养的Jurkat细胞的生长抑制作用,并进一步探讨其作用机制。方法应用MTT法检测细胞增殖活性;流式细胞仪检测细胞周期分布;Annexin V—FITC染色法检测细胞凋亡率。结果不同浓度依地福新处理Jurkat细胞24～96h后,细胞增殖显著受到抑制,并呈现浓度及时间依赖性;1．0μmol／L、5．0ymol／L、10．0μmol／L依地福新处理72h后,Jurkat细胞G0／G1期细胞数量显著增加,S期细胞数量显著降低（P〈0．01）;各浓度组细胞凋亡率均显著增加（P〈0．01）。结论依地福新对Jurkat细胞具有生长抑制作用,其机制与阻滞细胞周期及诱导凋亡有关。