几类C_m∪P_n图的优美性

图Ｃｍ∪Ｐｎ是圈Ｃｍ与路Ｐｎ的不交并。给出了当（ｍ,ｎ）分别等于（４ｋ,２ｋ＋５）,（４ｋ,３ｋ＋３）,（４ｋ＋１,６ｋ－３）,（４ｋ＋２,５ｋ－２）,（４ｋ＋２,４ｋ－１）,（４ｋ＋３,６ｋ）时,Ｃｍ∪Ｐｎ是优美的。     

LASERINDUCEDDISSOCIATIONOFKETENE（CH2CO）AT355nm：PHOTOACOUSTICSTUDIES

用光声方法观测乙烯酮分子的激光诱导离解以及研究离解碎片ＣＨ２（Ｘ３Ｂ１）的动力学。实验结果说明在３５５ｎｍ强激光辐射下，乙烯酮的非线性吸收只能诱导乙烯酮母体分子和（或）离解碎片的多光子离子化，这是造成光声信号随激光能量升高而降低的原因，再化合过程ＣＨ２（Ｘ３Ｂ１）＋ＣＨ２（Ｘ３Ｂ１）—→Ｃ２Ｈ２＋２Ｈ的速率常数是２．３９×１０－１１ｃｍ３ｍｏｌｅｃｕｌｅ－１Ｓ－１ＣＨ２（Ｘ３Ｂ１）＋ＣＨ２ＣＯ—→ＣＨ３＋ＣＨＣＯ的反应速度常数估计是１０－１２ｃｍ３ｍｏｌｅｃｕｌｅ－１Ｓ－１．     

稀土金属镱及钇苦味酸盐与苯并15冠5配合物的晶体和分子结构

标题化合物Ｙｂ（Ｐｉ）＿３（Ｂｌ５Ｃ５）＿２·２Ｈ＿２Ｏ·ＣＨ＿３ＣＮ（Ｉ）及Ｙ（Ｐｉ）＿３（Ｂｌ５Ｃ５）＿２·２Ｈ＿２Ｏ·ＣＨ＿３ＣＮ（Ⅱ）为同晶结构，均为３斜晶系，空间群为Ｐ－对晶体（Ｉ），ａ＝１２．７５３（１）Ａ，ｂ＝１３．８１０（２）Ａ．ｃ＝１９．６０９（２）Ａ，α＝８１．３７（３）°，β＝７１．５８（３）°，γ＝７０．７１（２）°，Ｚ＝２．Ｄ＿ｃ＝１．４６８ｇ·ｃｍ￣（－３），μ＝１５．９２８ｃｍ￣（－１）（ＭｏＫα），Ｍ＿ｒ＝１４７１，０４，Ｆ（０００）＝７４５，Ｒ＝０．０３１，Ｒ＿ｗ＝０．０３９；对晶体（Ⅱ），α＝１２．７８５（１）Ａ，ｂ＝１３．８５０（３）Ａ，ｃ＝１９．５７１（２）Ａ，α＝８１．０５（３）°，β＝７０．９２（２）°，γ＝７０．６２（３）°，Ｚ＝２，Ｄｃ＝ｌ．４８５ｇ·ｃｍ￣（－３），μ＝１０．４４１ｃｍ￣（－１）（ＭｏＫα），Ｍ＿ｒ＝１３８６．９ｌ，Ｆ（０００）＝７ｌ４，Ｒ＝０．０６５，Ｒ＿ｗ＝０．０７８．测定结果表明，中心稀土离子Ｙｂ￣（３＋）（或Ｙ￣（３＋）直接与３个苦味酸阴离子和２个水分子配位，此水化镱（或钇）苦味酸盐通过水桥氢键与冠醚Ｂｌ５Ｃ５相联而形成一个大的疏水性     

稀土元素对5’-腺苷酸和5’-鸟苷酸的催化水解作用

用ＨＰＬＣ法研究了稀土金属离子ＲＥ３＋ （如Ｌａ３＋ ,Ｃｅ３＋ ,Ｎｄ３＋ ,Ｓｍ ３＋ ,Ｅｕ３＋ ）对５′－腺苷一磷酸（５′－ＡＭＰ）和５′－鸟苷一磷酸（５′－ＧＭＰ）的催化水解断裂作用． 结果表明：在温和条件下,稀土金属离子对５′－ＡＭＰ无明显的断裂作用,而Ｃｅ３＋ 对５′－ＧＭＰ有较好的断裂作用,当浓度降至０．０５ｍ ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ时,Ｅｕ３＋ 对５′－ＧＭＰ也有一定的断裂作用;Ｈ２Ｏ２ 能促进稀土金属离子对５′－ＡＭＰ的水解断裂作用;ｐＨ 对稀土金属离子水解切断５′－ＡＭＰ有影响．     

互花米草生态工程能值分析

应用能值分析的方法,分别对江苏省射阳河口的３种治理方案（海滨潮间带盐沼湿地（方案Ａ）、互花米草湿地（方案Ｂ）和互花米草生态工程（方案Ｃ）进行能值计算和评价。计算结果为能值投入Ａ：２．８４Ｅ＋１２Ｓｅｊ＾－１ｍ＾－２;Ｂ：３．６７Ｅ＋１１Ｓｅｊ＾－１ｍ＾－２;Ｃ：８．９４Ｅ＋１１Ｓｅｊ＾－１ｍ＾－２;能值产出Ａ：５．７８Ｅ＋０９Ｓｅｊ＾－１ｍ＾－２ｍ;Ｂ：３．４４Ｅ＋１１Ｓｅｊ＾－１ｍ＾－２;Ｃ：３     

甘蓝型油菜萝卜质不育系恢复材料Ad-6(F4)测交二代恢复株TCF2的快繁及生根

油菜萝卜胞质不育系恢复材料Ａｄ－６（Ｆ４）测交二代恢复株ＴＣＦ２,在ＭＳ附加５ｍ ｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ＋ ０．５ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ,３ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ６－ＢＡ＋ ０．２ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ,３ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ６－ＢＡ＋ ０．３ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ＋６００ｍ ｇ／Ｌ水解乳蛋白以及５ｍ ｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ＋ ０．３ｍ ｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋ ５ｍ ｇ／ＬＡｇＮＯ３ 的不同培养基上诱导丛生芽,结果表明５ｍ ｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ＋ ０．３ｍ ｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋ ５ｍ ｇ／ＬＡｇＮＯ３ 对ＴＣＦ２ 诱导丛生芽有较好的效果．小芽生根培养基为１／２ＭＳ效果最好．     

在混合溶剂中碳酸解离热力学研究Ⅲ碳酸钠+碳酸氢钠+氯化钠+尿素+水体系

在Ｘ＝５质量％的尿素－水混合物中，在２７８．１５－３１８．１５Ｋ温度范围内，利用电池：Ｐｔ，Ｈ２（１０１．３２５ｋＰａ）｜Ｎａ２ＣＯ３（ｍ１），ＮａＨＣＯ３（ｍ２），ＮａＣｌ（ｍ３），５质量％尿素－水｜ＡｇＣｌ－Ａｇ的准确电动势数据，确定了在５％的尿素－水混合物中碳酸二级解离常数Ｋ２．得到了Ｋ２和温度关系的经验方程ｐＫ２＝１．１７６＋１８２４．２／Ｔ＋０．００８２３Ｔ．用热力学关系推导出在５％的尿素－水混合物中碳酸二级解离过程的各个热力学量，并用溶质－溶剂相互作用的观点讨论了这些结果     

含RE^3＋,Cu^2＋杂金属配合物合成与表征

以吡啶乙酸内盐，简称ｐｙｂ）为配体，在ｐＨ２．５和３．５下分别合成了２类配合物。经过元素分析和红外光谱等分析，确定了配合物的组成分别为ＲＥＣｕ（Ｐｙｂ）_５（ＣｌＯ_４）_５·ｎＨ_２Ｏ（ＲＥ＝Ｌａ，Ｃｅ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｇｄ，Ｄｙ，Ｅｒ，Ｙ）和ＲＥ_６Ｃｕ_（１２）（ＯＨ）_（２４）（Ｐｙｂ）_（１２）（ＣｌＯ_４）_（１８）·ｎＨ_２Ｏ（ＲＥ＝Ｌａ，Ｃｅ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，ｎ＝３２；ＲＥ＝Ｇｄ，Ｄｙ，ＥｒＹ，ｎ＝２８），观察了Ｎｄ~（３＋）的水溶液中，分别加入Ｐｙｂ，Ｐｙｂ和Ｃｕ~（２＋）或Ｍｎ~（２＋），Ｎｉ~（２＋），Ｐｒｂ［三甲基按丙酸内盐，（ＣＨ_３）_３Ｎ~＋，简称Ｐｒｂ］，Ｐｒｂ和Ｃｕ~（２＋）后，ｆ－ｆ超灵敏跃迁吸收光谱的变化。结果表明，在ｐＨ２．５和３．５下，Ｃｕ~（２＋）均使Ｎｄ~（３＋）·ｐｙｂ体系超灵敏跃迁的振子强度增大，且增大值相同，Ｃｕ~（２＋）对Ｎｄ~（３＋）－Ｐｒｂ体系、Ｍｎ~（２＋）（或Ｎｉ~（２＋））对Ｎｄ~（３＋）－Ｐｙｂ体系超灵敏跃迁吸收光谱均无影响，讨论了超灵敏跃迁振子强度变化与杂金属配合物形成的关系。     

∑cos~3A／2＜2与Kooistra不等式

证明了若－π≤Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ≤π且Ａ＋Ｂ＋Ｃ＝π，则（４＋２３）ｃｏｓ３Ａ２＋（５－２３）ｃｏｓ２Ａ２≤１８，由此导出了陈计１９９２年的猜测ｃｏｓ３Ａ２＜２及推广了Ｋｏｏｉｓｌｔｒａ不等式ｃｏｓ２Ａ２＞２     

锑在弱碱溶液中阳极成膜规律的研究

利用恒电位阳极极化电流与极化时间的关系、线性电位扫描及Ｘ射线衍射研究了锑在２．５×１０－５ｍｏｌ／ｍ３ＮａＨＣＯ３＋２．５×１０－５ｍｏｌ／ｍ３Ｎａ２ＣＯ３＋５．０×１０－４ｍｏｌ／ｍ３Ｎａ２ＳＯ４溶液中（ｐＨ＝９．１，３０℃）于１．２Ｖ（ＶＳ．ＳＣＥ）阳极成膜３ｈ，阳极成膜规律及膜相组成与结构。实验结果表明，本工作中的阳极膜主要由Ｓｂ２Ｏ３（斜方）晶体构成，成膜规律为锑的溶解与锑氧离子ＳｂＯ＋的生成→锑氧化物膜的形成与增厚→氧化物膜的钝化。     

Characterization of the flagellar biosynthesis regulatory geneflbD inAzospirillum brasilense

A flagellar gene cluster fragment includingflbD ofAzospirillum brasilense was cloned and sequenced. TheflbD mutant strain was found to be nonmotile—losing both polar and lateral flagella (Fla⁻Laf⁻). Motility and flagella were regained by complementation with plasmid-borne multicopyflbD, but altered with larger swarming circle and fewer lateral flagella on the semisolid plate. This result indicated that FlbD plays an important role in the regulation of both polar and lateral flagellar biosynthesis inA. brasilense.     

鱼用催产激素在倒刺鲃属(Spinibarbus)鱼类人工繁殖中的应用进展

倒刺鲃属(Spinibarbus)鱼类是我国地方特色鱼类,其人工繁殖必须借助催产激素。近年来,倒刺鲃属鱼类鱼苗需求激增,供不应求。本文从神经系统和内分泌激素对鱼类性腺发育成熟的调节、倒刺鲃属鱼类的繁殖习性、鱼用催产激素种类、倒刺鲃属鱼类催产激素和使用剂量、催产激素的使用方式和配制等方面综述了鱼用催产激素在倒刺鲃属鱼类人工繁殖中的应用进展,以期为倒刺鲃属鱼类规模化生产提供理论基础和实践方案。     

丁二酸气溶胶吸湿生长后结构和界面的分子动力学模拟

基于分子动力学方法模拟了丁二酸气溶胶的吸湿生长现象，研究了温度和水含量对颗粒平衡后结构和界面特性的综合影响机制。结果表明，温度和水含量会影响丁二酸的溶剂化分子数，从而导致颗粒吸湿生长后呈现水包酸的分层结构、混合结构和酸包水的分层结构。颗粒表面丁二酸含量随温度的升高先增加后减少，且随水含量的增加而增加。此外，温度高于260 K时，颗粒表面丁二酸分子的亲水基和疏水基分别朝向颗粒内部和气相。     

黄精浸渣栽培食用菌试验

【目的】筛选出适合以黄精浸渣为主料(60%以上)栽培的食用菌品种,并确定相应的高产栽培配方。【方法】在含60%黄精浸渣的菌包上接种不同品种的食用菌,对比其菌丝生长和出菇情况,筛选出适应性较好的食用菌;以不同黄精浸渣含量的配方进行栽培,通过对生物转化率和利润率的比较,筛选出最佳配方。【结果】配方3栽培榆黄蘑T2的平均生物转化率达到136%,平均利润率为72%;配方2栽培猴头一号的平均生物转化率达到105%,平均利润率为70%。【结论】榆黄蘑T2和猴头一号能健康地消化利用黄精浸渣,并带来较好的经济效益。     

混合主体材料分布对白色磷光有机发光二极管器件光谱性能的影响

在具有双发光层结构的二元白光器件中,研究了混合主体材料的位置和混合主体与客体材料的不同组合对白色有机发光二极管(WOLED)器件电光特性和光谱性能的影响。通过实验,在简单的器件结构中,同时获得了高效率和高颜色稳定性的器件,最优器件的最大亮度为29 630cd/m~2,最大功率效率和电流效率分别为20.84lm/W和33.87cd/A。当电压在5～9V之间变化时,色坐标(CIE1931)为(0.37±0.01,0.44±0.01)。     

广东石豆兰及其易混伪品的营养成分分析与评价

为探究广东石豆兰(Bulbophyllum kwangtungense)、密花石豆兰(B.odoratissimum)和云南石仙桃(Pholidota yunnanensis)的营养成分差异,为植物资源的开发利用提供理论依据,本研究以3种兰科植物的全株为材料,按照国家标准中的检测方法对其主要营养成分、活性物质及矿物质元素进行测定,并通过氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)对其氨基酸营养价值进行评价。结果表明,广东石豆兰中粗蛋白、灰分、总糖、硒、钙的含量与密花石豆兰及云南石仙桃无显著差异(P＞0.05),而维生素E、钾含量显著高于密花石豆兰及云南石仙桃(P＜0.05)。广东石豆兰和密花石豆兰中茶多酚、镁含量显著高于云南石仙桃(P＜0.05);广东石豆兰和云南石仙桃中氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量、鲜味氨基酸、药效氨基酸和总黄酮含量显著高于密花石豆兰,而粗脂肪含量显著低于密花石豆兰(P＜0.05)。密花石豆兰和云南石仙桃作为广东石豆兰的易混伪品,在预防高血压和心血管疾病以及抗肿瘤活性、抗宫颈癌、延缓衰老、增强活力等营养保健功效上,密花石豆兰及云南石仙桃都不能完全替代广东石豆兰。     

Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of the family Araucariaceae based on the DNA sequences of eight genes

Araucariaceae is one of the most primitive families of the living conifers, and its phylogenetic relationships and divergence times are critically important issues. The DNA sequences of 8 genes, i.e., nuclear ribosomal 18S and 26S rRNA, chloroplast 16S rRNA, rbcL, matK and rps4, and mitochondrial coxl and atpl, obtained from this study and GenBank were used for constructing the molecular phylogenetic trees of Araucariaceae, indicating that the phyiogenetic relationships among the three genera of this family should be （（Wollemia, Agathis）, Araucaria）. On the basis of the fossil calibrations of Wollemia and the two tribes Araucaria and Eutacta of the genus Araucaria, the divergence time of Araucariaceae was estimated to be （308± 53） million years ago, that is, the origin of the family was in the Late Carboniferous rather than Triassic as a traditional view. With the same gene combination, the diver- gence times of the genera Araucaria and Agathis were （246 ± 47） and （61 ±15） Ma, respectively. Statis- tical analyses on the phylogenetic trees generated by using different genes and comparisons of the divergence times estimated by using those genes suggested that the chloroplast matK and rps4 genes are most suitable for investigating the phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of the family Araucariaceae.     

Evolution of the serum resistance-associated SRA gene in African trypanosomes

Serum resistance-associated (SRA) protein, a protein unique for Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, is responsible for resistance of this parasite to the lysis by normal human serum (NHS) and is a vital molecular marker to distinguish this species from other African trypanosomes. We cloned and sequenced the SRA basic copy (SRAbc) gene from T. b. rhodesiense and related species and found that this gene is confined to the subgenus Trypanozoon. The average 82% identity among the sequenced SRAbc genes indicates that they may have a common origin and are highly conserved. Since SRAbc coexists in the T. b. rhodesiense genome with SRA, we propose that SRAbc might be the ‘donor VSG’, which after duplication became inserted into the expression site by recombination. Under natural selection, SRAbc could reform into SRA following mosaic formation. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 30570245, 30670275), Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (Grant No. DPCKSCU/IRT0447), International Foundation for Science of Sweden (Grant No. B/4318-1), Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (Grant No. Z60220518) and Education Foundation of the Czech Republic (Grant No. 2B06129)     

Effect of global warming on the distribution of Lucifer intermedius and L. hanseni （Decapoda） in the Changjiang estuary

We conducted an oceanographic census in 1959, 2002, and 2005 to evaluate changes in the temporo-spatial distribution and abundance of Lucifer intermedius and L. hanseni in the Changjiang estuary. In general, the abundance and frequency of occurrence (OF) for these two species were highest during the summer. We measured a significant change in the abundance and OF between years. The abundance and OF of L. intermedius increased from 3.7 individuals m⁻³ and 66.67%, respectively, in 1959, to 8.93 individuals m⁻³ and 85.19%, in 2002. In 1959, L. hanseni was only found during the summer (abundance: 0.01 individuals m⁻³, OF: 3.70%). However, in 2002, this species was collected during all seasons except the winter. Furthermore, abundance (0.47 individuals m⁻³) and OF (25.93%) were higher in 2002 than in 1959. Further increases in abundance and OF were measured during cruises during the spring of 2005. We hypothesize that global warming is responsible for the increase in abundance of L. intermedius and L. hanseni and the northward expansion of L. hanseni in the Changjiang estuary. Given our results, monitoring of both species may be useful to evaluate the effects of climate change.