局部超载下土坡稳定影响因素敏感性分析及破坏机理研究

为研究坡顶超载下边坡破坏机理及各因素对边坡稳定性的影响程度,结合典型边坡实例建立非线性有限元数值模型,采用强度折减法分别计算8种影响因素作用下的安全系数,并对各因素敏感度进行单因素分析、正交试验极差分析及方差分析。结果表明:局部超载下,坡率对边坡稳定性影响最为显著,而超载宽度影响最微弱;土坡安全系数随内摩擦角、粘聚力、土体容重呈线性变化,与超载离坡肩的距离、坡率、坡高大致呈抛物线变化趋势,与超载值呈非线性变化;3种分析方法在确定各因素敏感度排序上具有较好地一致性,方差分析结果离散度最大,效果最佳。超载下和仅在自重下土坡失稳破坏机理有所不同:自重下坡脚处最先出现塑性区,此后塑性区由坡脚处向上延伸扩展至坡顶,进而引发边坡失稳破坏;而超载下坡脚和超载区域下的土体几乎同时出现塑性区,此后塑性区从坡脚和超载区域同时扩展直至贯通,最终导致失稳破坏。     

土质边坡开挖变形特征分析

本文利用有限差分法，结合数值分析软甲FLAC对某高速公路边皮开挖变形特征进行了研究，研究表明：随着开挖的进行，边坡各监测点X方向位移逐渐增大。Z方向位移在开挖卸荷的影响下表现为卸荷回弹：边坡开挖过程中塑性区分布在不断地发生变化，开挖前期塑性区分布在边坡表层，开挖完成后塑性区在边坡内部呈现联通的趋势。     

边坡变形破坏演化特征的数值分析

边坡的破坏失稳是一个渐进累积的过程。在外部环境作用下,随着应力的升高,坡体内某些部分达到屈服,滑动面逐渐形成,直至完全贯通,随着塑性应变继续增大,边坡最终发生整体破坏。传统的分析方法无法显示坡体的受力、变形和滑动面贯通与破坏的全过程,而采用有限元强度折减法则可以定量显示变形破坏与滑动面发生发展的全过程。文中根据岩土性质和坡体构造对边坡进行了分类。分析不同边坡安全系数条件下各类边坡的变形图和塑性应变云图,可以看到坡体的变形趋势和坡体内滑动面随稳定安全系数的降低逐渐扩展、贯通,直至破坏的全过程,从而直观地揭示了边（滑）坡的破坏机理,为边（滑）坡的防治提供有效依据。     

岩质陡高边坡稳定性评价与防治措施

以典型工程实例为背景,借助surfer软件生成实际地形曲面。以此为基础,采用有限元软件建立较为接近实际的计算模型。计算分析了强降雨和地震作用对岩质高边坡的影响。研究表明:不同影响因素作用下,边坡均表现为开挖面以上近山顶坡面向临空面滑动,并形成浅层局部贯通的塑性区;降雨和地震作用对边坡产生了显著的影响,安全系数较自重作用分别减小11.3%和14.5%;边坡形成了贯穿的塑性区,处于稳定状态,说明塑性区贯通是边坡失稳的必要条件;坡顶局部几乎临近极限平衡状态,在地震和降雨诱发因素作用下易产生局部失稳破坏。基于分析结果,制定了边坡防治措施,计算表明措施有效可行。     

马迹山港西山南斜坡弹塑性有限单元分析

本文利用弹塑性有限单元法对马迹山港西山南斜坡进行了斜坡历史形态演变的模拟，对斜坡的应力状态和分布、塑性区的分布等进行了分析和评价,计算结果表明；斜坡整体是稳定的，但坡肩和坡脚有一定的压-剪塑性破坏区，应对该部位进行加固和支护,该计算结果对边坡的合理支护有一定的指导作用。     

地震作用下岩石边坡稳定性有限元模拟

为研究地震作用下岩石边坡的稳定性问题,根据实验室直剪实验结果确定了完整的岩石样本的抗剪指标参数,并根据岩体裂隙间距对其进行了弱化折减.采用有限元强度折减方法评估了含节理岩石边坡的稳定性,计算了临界滑移面的安全系数.通过Drucker-Prager破坏准则判断岩石边坡有限元模型中每个单元的滑移状态.采用准静态方法模拟岩石边坡地震作用荷载,讨论地震动力放大系数对边坡抗滑稳定性安全系数的影响.基于有限元分析结果,确定不同地震作用组合下岩石边坡在极限状态下的塑性区分布和滑移面的安全系数.     

深凹露天转地下开采高陡边坡变形与破坏规律

以大冶铁矿为工程背景,采用相似材料模型实验和数值模拟计算相结合的方法,对深凹露天转地下开采高陡边坡的变形和破坏规律进行了系统研究.首先,模型相似实验中,采用百分表、压力传感器和近景摄影测量等手段监测模型的应力应变和破坏特征,对围岩位移和破坏裂纹进行系统分析,揭示了高陡边坡的变形和破坏基本规律.其次,采用有限差分软件,从地表沉降量、应力值变化和塑性区分布等方面与相似材料实验结果进行了对比分析.结果表明,高边坡竖向最大沉降为28.2mm,围岩破坏程度随着开采深度的增加递增,塑性区范围不断扩大,剪切破坏主要集中在两侧边坡的边脚部位.相似模型实验和数值模拟相结合可以较好地揭示深凹露天转地下开采过程中高陡边坡的变形和破坏基本特征,是一种较好的理论研究方法.     

京化高速公路高边坡变形和稳定性分析

以京化高速公路二期KC-3标段岩质高边坡为研究对象,应用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立三维数值模型,模拟边坡在重力作用下的变形情况,借助于有限元强度折减法对边坡材料进行强度折减,直至边坡的塑性区实现贯通,得到边坡临近破坏时的变形情况,此时的折减系数即为边坡的安全系数。结果表明,边坡的安全系数为1.04,远小于安全控制标准,极易发生边坡失稳。     

考虑降雨入渗的非饱和土边坡流固耦合数值分析

针对降雨入渗作用下非饱和土边坡的变形和稳定问题,运用ABAQUS有限元软件,建立二维非饱和土边坡流固耦合数值模型,对边坡渗流场、应力场和位移场进行分析,分析降雨入渗后边坡的孔压、饱和度、位移、塑性区扩展和安全系数的变化规律.结果表明:降雨入渗引起边坡孔压、饱和度、等效应力和位移增大,降雨强度减小和无降雨下,边坡孔压、饱和度、等效应力和位移减小回弹,边坡表层响应早于坡体内部;边坡坡脚最先出现塑性区,塑性区沿坡面浅层向上扩展,形成连续的塑性区贯通面;边坡安全系数在持续强降雨下持续减小,降雨强度减小和无降雨下,边坡安全系数增大回弹.研究结果可为非饱和土边坡的变形与稳定分析提供参考.     

基于ANSYS的膨胀土路堑边坡的稳定分析

路堑边坡滑坍破坏是膨胀土公路修建中的常见病害,其破坏机理复杂,传统极限平衡法无法对它进行分析并得出合理解释。而数值分析方法能较好地分析边坡的应力、应变和塑性区分布,获得边坡变形过程和潜在滑面,直接给出稳定性评价的安全系数。文章基于ANSYS有限元分析软件,采用土的非线性弹塑性本构模型,应用有限元强度折减法理论对“南友”路宁明膨胀土堑坡的滑坍规律进行了分析。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.