MCM-41/γ-Al2O3复合材料的合成和表征

采用在γ-Al2O3表面附晶生长的方法合成了MCM-41／γ-Al2O3复合材料，考察了表面活性剂用量、投料硅铝比、合成母液pH值等对复合材料中MCM-41结晶度的影响。结果表明，在n（CTMABr）／n（SiO2）大于0．32、硅铝比大于4．68及合成母液pH值为10．5的条件下，合成的MCM-41／γ-Al2O3复合材料中MCM-41的结晶度接近Si-MCM-41。X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和低温N2吸附-脱附表征结果表明，MCM41／γ-Al2O3是由MCM-41生长于γ-Al2O3的表面而形成的复合材料。MCM-41／γ-Al2O3复合材料中的MCM-41具有较高的热稳定性。     

NDA99树脂吸附处理含邻氯苯胺废水的研究

目的 研究NDA99树脂对含邻氯苯胺的3,3’-二氯联苯胺生产废水的吸附与脱附效果.方法 Agilent1100高效液相色谱仪测定邻氯苯胺在不同条件吸附下的浓度;采用重铬酸钾法测定COD,寻求最佳工艺条件.结果 在常温条件下,树脂最佳吸附流速为3 BV/h,最佳吸附量为30BV/批,此条件下出水中COD＜500 mg/L,邻氯苯胺含量＜5 mg/L;在1 BV/h的脱附流速下,脱附温度为50℃,脱附剂选用1 BV 8％ HCl＋1 BV 4％ HCl＋3 BV H2O组合而成,脱附率可达98％.在最佳吸附—脱附条件下,连续进行10批次的吸附-脱附实验,吸附出水中COD为267～465mg/L,邻氯苯胺含量为2.13～4.85 mg/L,低于国标（GB8978-1996）中三级排放标准：CODCr＜500 mg/L、邻氯苯胺＜5.0 mg/L.结论 NDA99树脂对该废水吸附性能稳定,吸附效果良好,具有一定的实用价值.     

Pt/Nd2O3-WO3/ZrO2催化甘油氢解制1,3-丙二醇

制备不同Nd2O3质量分数的2％ Pt/Nd2O3-WO3/ZrO2催化剂.通过N2物理吸附,NH3程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)、H2程序升温脱附(H2-TPD)、CO脉冲吸附等方法表征催化剂的物理化学性质.用固定床连续流动反应器考察催化剂对甘油氢解制1,3-丙二醇反应的催化性能.结果表明,引入Nd2 O3提高了催化剂的H2吸附量,进而提高了催化剂的催化活性;焙烧温度对催化剂性能有重要影响.在4 MPa、130℃、质量分数为60％甘油水溶液进料、液体体积空速(LHSV)0.25 h-1反应条件下,2％ Pt/0.25NdWZ (700,450)催化剂催化甘油氢解反应,甘油转化率为75.2％,1,3-丙二醇产率达28.9％,产物中n(1,3-丙二醇)/n(1,2-丙二醇)达到21.9.     

过氧化氢改性活性炭对三甲胺废气的吸附

对煤质柱状活性炭进行H2O2改性,测试了H2O2改性前后活性炭的比表面积和含氧官能团,研究了其对三甲胺的静态吸附量、动态穿透曲线、脱附活化能。结果表明,经氧化改性后活性炭的表面含氧官能团、比表面积均有明显提高,其中以体积分数为15%的H2O2溶液浸渍1.5h后的活性炭最佳。其对三甲胺的吸附量达到440.9mg/g,较改性前提高了281.5%。对三甲胺的动态吸附穿透时间由10min提高到35min,脱附活化能由11.461kJ/mol提高到15.663kJ/mol,改性后活性炭的吸附性能得以提高。     

CuO/TiO2和CuO-ZrO2/TiO2催化剂对NO+CO反应性能的影响

以TiO2为载体，采用浸渍法制备了不同负载量的CuO／TiO2和CuO-ZrO2/TiO2催化剂，并在色谱—微反装置上考察了催化剂对NO CO反应性能，并通过TPR、XRD和NO-TPD技术对上述催化剂进行了表征．结果表明催化剂经500℃ H2气氛中还原1h与空气氛中处理的相比，活性有明显的改善，CuO／TiO2(6％)对NO完全转化的T99%＝325℃，而CuO-ZrO2/TiO2(6％，10％)对NO完全转化的T99%＝300℃；TPR结果表明CuO／TiO2在TPR过程中出现4个还原峰，而CuO／TiO2只有2个还原峰，说明ZrO2的引入使CuO在TiO2上的还原物种发生了变化；空气氛处理的CuO／TiO2催化剂XRD检测到的是CuO的特征衍射峰，而H2气氛处理是金属Cu的特征衍射峰；NO-TPD结果表明两种气氛处理的催化剂，NO吸附在其上的热脱附产物中质谱能检测到4种物种(NO，N2O，N2和O2)，低温脱附物种为吸附在弱位上的NO，高温脱附物种则是吸附在强位上的NO；CuO／TiO2上引入ZrO2后NO的脱附峰温明显降低，这表明NO在CuO-ZrO2/TiO2表面的分解活性大于No在CuO／TiO2表面的分解活性;NO CO反应低温时形成中间产物N2O，高温时产生N2;NO-TPD脱附峰温与两种气氛处理的催化剂活性有很好的对应关系，且NO在催化剂表面的解离是NO CO反应的速控步骤．     

三聚氰酸在活性炭纤维毡表面的吸附及电脱附行为的研究

利用活性炭纤维毡（ACF）对三聚氰酸进行了静态吸附和电脱附,通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）、场发射扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对ACF微观结构进行了表征,并通过高效液相色谱（HPLC）检测了三聚氰酸含量.研究了吸附平衡时间、pH等对静态吸附的影响,以及电解质浓度和脱附时间对电脱附率的影响.结果表明：ACF对三聚氰酸的吸附遵循准二级吸附动力学,符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附模型,酸性环境能促进对三聚氰酸的吸附,pH=12时发生脱附再生,用ACF电脱附三聚氰酸最佳脱附时间15min时脱附率可达92.5%.     

模板法制备纳米复合光催化材料HPA/TiO2

在模板剂P123作用下,采用溶胶一凝胶再结合程序升温溶剂热法制备了光催化材料H6P2W18O62/TiO2（P123）和H3PW12O40/TiO2（P123）,通过FTr—IR、ICP—AES、XRD、N2吸附一脱附等检测手段对其组成、结构及其表面物理化学性质进行了表征。结果表明,合成材料晶型结构良好,母体多酸的基本结构未发生明显变化,孔径分布均匀,经P123处理的合成产物H6P2W18O62/TiO2（P123）比表面积高达414．6m2／g。     

活性炭预处理对Pd／AC催化剂上NO吸附性能的影响

通过湿法预处理的方法改变活性炭（AC）的物理结构和表面化学性质,以考察其对负载Pd催化剂上一氧化氮（N0）吸脱附的影响．活性炭经过H3PO4湿法氧化预处理后活性炭表面的微孔结构和含氧基团数量增加显著．XRD和CO化学吸附结果表明Pd原子在H。P04湿法氧化预处理的活性炭载体上具有较小粒径和较高的分散度,从而使得其在有氧条件下对NO的吸附容量高达83．9mmol／g且其脱附温度仅为150℃,与未处理活性炭所得催化剂Pd／AC相比,NO吸附量提高3．8倍,NO脱附温度降低50℃．     

NH4Bph4在(CH3OH-H2O)混合溶剂中热力学性质的测定

通过测定25℃下NH4Bph4在水及（CH3OH—H2O）混合溶剂中的溶解度，根据热力学原理求得了NHtBph4在水及（CH3OH-H2O）混合溶剂中的活度系数、活度积常数以及由．（I-120）至混合溶剂（CH3OH-H2O）的标准迁移Gibbs自由能等热力学性质，并对NH4Bph4的某些热力学性质随混合溶剂组成（X4）的变化进行了初步的讨论．     

焙烧温度对S2O8^2-／ZrO2介孔超强酸的结构与性能的影响

以硝酸锆为锆源,以阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）为模板剂,S2O8^2-浸渍无定形Zr（OH）4,制得介孔S2O8^2-／ZrO2固体超强酸,通过N2吸附－脱附、XRD分析、Hammett非水滴定、TEM等方法,考察了不同焙烧温度对S2O8^2-／ZrO2介孔超强酸晶体结构、酸强度等性能的影响。结果表明,当焙烧温度600℃,S2O8^2-／ZrO2样品比表面积为140m2／g,平均孔径在3～4nm之间,酸强度H0≤-12．7,为介孔相固体超强酸。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.