濒危植物狭果秤锤树所在群落的区系特征

调查重新发现了濒危植物狭果秤锤树(Sinojackia rehderiana)在赣北的分布,采用植被调查样方法研究了狭果秤锤树所在群落维管植物的区系特征.结果表明,该区系组成复杂,物种密度相对较高.在1 600 m2样方中,有维管束植物57科74属79种,其中蕨类植物6科10属10种,双子叶植物43科53属58种,单子叶植物8科11属11种.物种密度约达5种.(100 m2)-1.分布区类型多样,热带区系成分占优势.科、属、种地理成分以热带分布成分为主,温带成分占有一定比例;反映了该群落的热带-亚热带区系性质.热带成分与温带成分在本区交汇,体现出中亚热带向北亚热带植物区系过渡的特征.该群落分布面积小且邻近村落,具有明显的生态脆弱性,禁伐是维持该森林群落稳定性的关键措施.     

七姊妹山自然保护区台湾水青冈林群落学特征研究

台湾水青冈(Fagus hayatae)属国家Ⅱ级保护植物,主要分布于台湾北部山地,在大陆分布很少.采用Braun-Blanquet(1964)、Fujiwara(1987)的植物社会学调查办法并结合典型样方法,对分布在七姊妹山自然保护区的原始台湾水青冈林群落学特征进行了分析.结果表明:七姊妹山的台湾水青冈群落有植物68种,分属34科、48属;植物区系成分以北温带和东亚分布类型占优势,分别有10属和9属,占所有属的22.22%和20%,热带成分和温带成分所占比例大体接近;重要值分析表明,台湾水青冈具有明显优势,马银花(Rhododendron ovatum)和小叶青冈(Cyclobalanopsis gracilis)为次优势种;除物种丰富度外,其他多样性指数基本表现为草本层>乔木层>灌木层.群落结构呈倒金字塔形,属于哀退型群落,需加强对其保护.     

海南吊罗山热带山地雨林植物种类多样性研究

海南吊罗山热带山地雨林扫把青冈 鸭脚木群落共出现44个科,95个属的乔木树种190种,其中种类数量大于5个的有樟科(24种),茜草科(17种),山毛榉科(17种),山矾科(11种)和山茶科(11种),主要属为新木姜属(6种),蒲桃属(6种),山矾属(12种)和栎属(13种).群落以热带分布型物种占优势,为895%.其中,又以热带亚洲分布成分最多,占358%;其次是泛热带分布,占274%;其它热带分布型占253%,群落中存在一定比例的温带分布型,约95%,中国特有分布属所占比例极低,仅为11%说明其物种的分化程度较低,同时,也说明山地雨林可能是一个广泛分布于东亚的常绿阔叶林的原始代表类型.样地1共有单个体种45种,双个体种20种,分别占物种总数的304%和135%;样地2共有单个体种46种,双个体种26种,分别占物种总数的383%和217%,这些低密度的或小种群的偶见种相对群落的主要种来说,更容易受到各种胁迫的影响而在群落中绝灭,从而使群落的物种多样性降低.     

管涔山林区地衣研究

管涔山林区地衣调查的结果表明,该区共有地衣14科,25属,34种(包括变种),其中11属24种为山西省新记录.林区的地衣群落有树皮、树枝生地衣群落、藓丛生地衣群落、石面生地衣群落、朽木生地衣群落和草地生地衣群落,其中树皮、树枝生地衣群落为主要类型.本区地衣的地理成分具有明显的温带性,与热带、东亚成分有一定的联系,特有现象不明显.     

河南薄山国家森林公园蕨类植物区系研究

据调查,河南薄山国家森林公园有维管束植物132科427属772种39变种和6变型,其中蕨类植物13科17属26种和1变种.蕨类植物区系基本特征是地理成分多样,区系联系广泛,有一定的古老性;以温带性质为主,有明显的热带残遗性;特有现象明显,为东亚成分分布中心的一部分;隶属于华北区系,有强烈西南区系特色.     

云南冬樱花的群落特征及地理分布

云南冬樱花群落共有种子植物1421种，分属158科。696属，科、属、种的区系成分都以热带成分占显优势，分别为74．42％，76．08％，66．31％(不包括世界分布)，说明该区系种子植物具显的热带性质。该区系与泛热带和热带亚洲联系最为密切，同时与热带大洋州、热带非洲、热带美洲、北温带、东亚等有一定程度的联系，而与地中海区、西亚、中亚联系最少。另外，该区系特有现象不十分显，特有科、属、种比例低于不同纬度上相邻的滇中高原和云南热带地区。     

安徽省水生植物资源的调查与分析

本文研究了安徽省水生高等植物资源的种类、生境、组成特点、经济价值及植被概况,结果表明本省有水生高等植物44科、72属、138种,其中单子叶植物占优势,分别占科、属、种的40.9%、50.0%、54.4%。各科亲缘关系较远,并且许多科仅有一属的少数种为水生的。其地理成分表明,本地水生种子植物以世界分布属为主,热带成分与温带成分几乎各占一半,基本反映安徽省具有热带和温带的双重性质。水生植被以竹叶眼子菜(Potamogetonmalaianus)群落,苦草(Vallisineriaspiralis)群落,紫萍(Spirodelapolyrrhiza)、浮萍(Lemnaminor)群落,满江红(Azollaimbricata)、槐叶苹(Salvinianatans)群落,莲(Nelumbonucifera)群落为主。     

河南省野生藤本植物区系分析

河南省野生藤本植物共有160种(包括变种),隶属于25科46属,基本特点是小型科属和单种科属较多,而大型科、属较少.区系成分分析表明,东亚和北美间断分布成分在各种成分中居首位,占21.74%,泛热带成分占19.57%,东亚成分为15.22%,热带亚洲成分为10.87%.河南藤本植物属的区系成分统计表明,热带成分温带成分大致相当,各类热带成分占总属数的43.48%,各类温带成分占总属数的43.48%.     

丽水市白云山森林植被区系的地理成分研究

丽水市白云山森林植被区系植物种类丰富、古老植物和珍稀濒危植物较多 ,温带 -温亚热带成分占优势 ,其地理成分与世界各地植物区系有广泛的联系 .该区系有 1 3个类型的成分 ,其中泛热带分布、东亚分布、东亚、北美间断分布、北温带分布具有较多的属 ,而地中海、西亚至中亚分布、旧世界温带分布、热带亚洲至热带非洲分布具有较少的属     

七里海古泻湖湿地植被特征及其植物物种多样性研究

为了更好的了解七里海古泻湖湿地植被的现状,有效保护植物资源,采用样方法调查和分析了湿地植物的物种和区系组成、生活型构成、群落结构及其多样性特征.结果表明:(1)七里海湿地植物较为丰富,共69科、200属、290种,以草本植物占优势;(2)地理成分多样,除去世界分布属后,泛热带成分和北温带、旧世界温带成分占极大优势,湿地植物属的区系地理成分为显著的温带性质和一定数量的热带性质;(3)群落复杂多样,划分为5种植被型,计有22个典型群落,农作物、人工林、部分野生灌木和草本群落的多样性水平普遍高于野生藤本植物群落和水生植物群落,人工干扰改变了湿地植物多样性性质.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.