甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基三甲基氯化铵与甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的合成与表征

用甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)与甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)共聚制得一种新型阳离子聚合物,讨论了溶剂、引发剂用量和单体比例等因素对共聚反应及产物的影响,得出了最佳反应条件,并对该共聚物的组成和结构及阳离子度等进行了表征.     

DMC/AM/AA三元水溶液共聚合(Ⅱ)

以（NH4）2S2O8－NH2CONH2为引发剂，研究了丙烯酸胺（AM）、甲基丙烯酸氧乙基三甲基氯化铵（DMC）和丙烯酸（AA）三元水溶液共聚合反应，考察了聚合温度、原料配比、单体浓度、引发剂用量以及pH值等因素对聚合速率、单体转化率和产物特性粘度的影响。结果表明：当起始单体总浓度为30～40％，PH≤5．0，DMC和AA在原料配比中的含量分别为20～70mol％、0～30mol％时，聚合反应的条件较为适宜。     

对氯甲基苯乙烯及其均聚物的合成研究

以2-苯基乙醇作为起始原料，合成了对氯甲基苯乙烯，进一步聚合得到均聚物-聚对氯甲基苯乙烯，运用IR，NMR和凝胶渗透色谱对聚合物进行了表征．     

2-巯基苯并噻唑为引发剂的氮氧稳定自由基聚合

采用2-巯基苯并噻唑(2-Mercaptobenzothiazole)(MBT)为引发剂，在2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶氮氧自由基(TEMPO)存在下，研究了苯乙烯的氮氧稳定自由基聚合．考察了TEMPO与MBT的浓度比值对聚合反应的影响，发现随着比值的增大，聚合速率明显下降，分子量也有所降低，当比值大于1时，分子量分布可以保持在1．30以下．另外，成功的扩链实验和对聚合物的^1H NMR分析也证实了聚合是按照稳定自由基聚合机理进行的．     

2-(4-三氟甲基苯氧基)对苯二甲酰氯的合成与表征

在KOH和K2CO3存在下,通过对氯三氟甲苯(PCTFB)和2,5-二甲基苯酚在N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)中的缩合反应制得了2-(4-三氟甲基苯氧基)对二甲苯(TFDMB),该步最佳的反应条件为:PCTFB与2,5-二甲基苯酚的摩尔比为1∶1.2,反应时间为8 h,反应温度为140~190℃,TFDMB的产率达93.7%.TFDMB继而用KMnO4作氧化剂分别在吡啶、NaOH的水溶液中经两步氧化制得关键中间体2-(4-三氟甲基苯氧基)对苯二甲酸(TFPA),产率为75%;再将TFPA和氯化亚砜反应以92%的产率合成了聚合单体2-(4-三氟甲基苯氧基)对苯二甲酰氯(TFTPC),三步总收率为64.6%.     

N-对甲基丙烯酰氧基-苄亚甲基-对溴苯亚胺液晶单体的合成及聚合

以对羟基苯甲醛，甲基丙烯酰氯及对溴苯胺为原料合成侧链型Ｓｃｈｉｆ碱液晶单体Ｎ－对甲基丙烯酰氧基－苄亚甲基－对溴苯亚胺，并以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂进行溶液聚合．改进单体合成法，使反应总产率达到４０％以上．探讨了引发剂浓度，单体浓度对聚合轻化率及液晶聚合物相行为的影响．用ＤＳＣ，热台偏光显微镜对聚合产物进行了考察．聚合物表现出５０～６０℃的热致液晶温度区间     

可降解聚碳酸酯纳米微球的制备与性能表征

以2,2-二甲基三亚甲基碳酸酯为单体,异辛酸亚锡(Sn(Oct)2)为催化剂,采用开环聚合法成功制备了聚碳酸酯.将所得聚合物作为载体,采用复乳法制备了聚碳酸酯纳米微球,并探讨了聚合时间、聚合温度、单体与催化剂的摩尔比与聚合物产率以及分子量大小的关系.还探讨了乳化剂吐温-60的百分含量、稳定剂PVA的百分含量、外水相与内水相的体积比以及油相(聚2,2-二甲基三亚甲基碳酸酯与二氯甲烷的质量比)与粒径的关系.通过正交实验结果表明,聚合物产率最高,分子量最大的反应条件为：单体与催化剂的摩尔比为 1200/1,聚合温度为130℃,聚合时间为20 h.最小粒径条件为：PVA百分含量为2%,吐温-60百分含量为0.75%,外水相与内水相体积比为45/1,二氯甲烷与聚2,2-二甲基三亚甲基碳酸酯(PDTC)质量比为600/1.     

DMC/AM/AA三元水溶液共聚合(Ⅰ)

本工作采用正交试验设计法，研究了丙烯酰胺（AM）、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵（DMC）和丙烯酸（AA）三元水溶液共聚合反应。通过实验结果的综合平衡分析，得出了最佳的聚合条件。     

以α-苯乙胺为手性源合成聚合物手性固定相

为进行高效液相色谱法分离对映体合成几种酰胺类聚合物手性固定相.通过(S)-(-)-α-苯乙胺与甲基丙烯酰氯的缩合反应,合成出高纯度可聚合酰胺类手性功能单体(S)-(-)-N-(α-苯乙基)-甲基丙烯酰胺,研究该单体的均聚反应及其与苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯的共聚反应,得到带有手性侧基的酰胺类聚合物手性固定相,对反应产物进行结构表征,确定出反应的最佳条件和物料配比.     

淀粉/AMPS/DMC高吸水树脂的合成及其吸水保水性能研究

以淀粉、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)和甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为原料,(NH4)2S2O8为引发剂,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBAM)为交联剂,通过水溶液聚合法制备高吸水树脂。采用红外光谱和扫描电镜对树脂的结构进行了表征分析。考察了AMPS与DMC比例、p H值以及淀粉、引发剂、交联剂用量等条件对树脂的吸水、吸盐水倍率的影响,结果表明,在最佳条件下,树脂吸水率为698 g/g,吸盐水(浓度0.9%)倍率为86 g/g。同时,树脂的土壤保水性能结果表明,淀粉/AMPS/DMC高吸水树脂的加入大大改善了土壤的保水性能,当树脂用量为0.25 g/50 g时,土壤的保水时间后移,不同土壤在自来水中的饱和含水率提高了4.02~5.73倍,在盐水(浓度0.9%)中的饱和含水率提高了1.70~2.04倍。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.