蕨根淀粉分离及颗粒性质研究

参照Badenhuizen法制备了蕨根淀粉,利用扫描电子显微镜和X-射线衍射仪对淀粉颗粒性质作了初步研究,并用重结晶方法对蕨根淀粉的直链和支链组分进行了初步分离.结果表明：蕨根淀粉颗粒的形状多为椭圆形、圆形;表面光滑无裂纹.用扫描电子显微镜上的微尺可测得蕨根淀粉颗粒粒径为5～31μm.重结晶8次可得完全纯化的蕨根直链淀粉;反复3次加入正丁醇去除残留的直链淀粉,可得完全纯化的蕨根支链淀粉.     

变性淀粉的特性及应用

概述了开发变性淀粉的资源和发展概况以及市场。综述了以淀粉为原料开发几种变性淀粉。如羧甲基淀粉、氧化淀粉、阳离子淀粉、交联淀粉和多元变性淀粉的特性及应用。     

改性淀粉作为降滤失剂的研究进展

综述了改性淀粉作为钻井液降滤失剂的应用及研究发展状况.改性淀粉降滤失剂绿色环保、价格便宜且抗盐能力强,在油田化学中得到了广泛的应用.目前应用的预胶化淀粉和醚化淀粉因耐温性差,使其应用范围受到了一定限制.接枝共聚淀粉既具备淀粉类降滤失剂的抗盐能力,又有共聚物的抗温性,因此成为淀粉类降滤失剂的研究热点.对接枝共聚淀粉的研究现状进行了较详细的综述,并对各类接枝共聚淀粉的特点进行了评述.     

植物叶片淀粉分解与淀粉超量积累研究

植物叶片白天进行光合作用合成过渡型淀粉,夜间过渡型淀粉分解供植物生理代谢和生长发育所需。以往研究显示叶片中过渡型淀粉的分解受着严格的生理节律调控,但是,当淀粉分解代谢及其下游代谢基因功能出现异常时,淀粉通常会在叶片中超量积累。植物学家通过筛选叶片淀粉超量积累突变体与目标基因功能解析,初步完成了对植物叶片淀粉分解代谢网络图谱的绘制。笔者通过对植物叶片过渡型淀粉分解与超量积累现象的最新研究进行梳理,以探寻提高作物叶片淀粉含量的可能途径。     

小麦淀粉浆糊中A型、B型淀粉及蛋白质对书画装裱的影响研究

书画装裱所用浆糊的传统小麦淀粉提取工艺只能制得粗制淀粉，含有A型淀粉、B型淀粉和蛋白质等多种成分。为了解这些不同成分对浆糊及装裱书画的影响，并改进小麦淀粉提取工艺，进而更好地保护书画，通过离心分离法筛分粗制淀粉，获得精制淀粉(即A型淀粉)和残渣淀粉(以B型淀粉为主),对比分析精制、残渣、粗制淀粉浆糊性能及其对裱件的影响。结果表明，精制淀粉浆糊的糊化程度、黏度、剥离强度最大，精制淀粉浆糊薄膜光滑性、均匀性、柔性最佳，并且精制淀粉浆糊涂布纸张具有最为理想的柔韧性和耐老化性能，而B型淀粉及蛋白质是降低浆糊性能的主要原因。为改善浆糊及书画的性能，建议在小麦淀粉传统提取工艺中增加离心分离法，制作精制淀粉浆糊。研究成果也为书画及相关纸质文物保护材料的研究引入了一种新方法，扩大了热机械分析在文物保护材料中的研究和应用范围。     

淀粉基本材胶黏剂的研究概况综述

传统的淀粉胶黏剂不能用于木材的黏结,对淀粉的改性成为一直以来研究的方向。该文对淀粉基木材胶黏剂的研究状况做了回顾,在此基础上提出今后发展的思路。     

冷水可溶淀粉的物理法制备及应用研究进展

淀粉作为一种资源丰富的可降解生物原料,在食品、药品、纺织等行业都有着广泛的应用,而未经改性的原淀粉冷水溶解度和冷糊黏度较低,常需加热成糊才能使用,降低了使用的便捷性。冷水可溶淀粉是一种冷水溶解度和冷糊黏度均有大幅度提高的改性淀粉,根据改性后淀粉是否可以保留颗粒形态,可将冷水可溶淀粉分为预糊化淀粉和颗粒状冷水可溶淀粉两大类,二者的制备方法都以物理法为主,但因其制备原理不同,得到改性淀粉的性质和应用范围各异。从两类冷水可溶淀粉的不同物理制备方法出发,综合对比预糊化淀粉和颗粒状冷水可溶淀粉的制备原理和研究现状,并对相关产品的颗粒形态、冷水溶解性、成糊性质、热力学性质以及应用展开系统的总结和介绍,旨在为新型冷水可溶淀粉的开发与应用提供依据。     

改性高链玉米淀粉的生物降解性能

利用微生物群在半生物体内模型中分解底物的模拟人体消化的方法，研究了不同链淀粉含量的玉米淀粉及其改性淀粉的生物降解性能、结果表明，玉米淀粉及其改性淀粉的生物降解性能与其链淀粉含量有关，链淀粉含量为50％的高链玉米淀粉最难降解，普通玉米淀粉(链淀粉含量为26％)最易被降解，链淀粉含量为70％的高链玉米淀粉的降解性能居中；普通玉米淀粉和链淀粉含量高的玉米淀粉经交联变性可抑制其生物降解性能，而羧甲基化变性将会加速其降解.     

一种制备氧化淀粉的新工艺

本文研究了用高锰酸钾为氧化剂、玉米淀粉为原料制备氧化淀粉的反应条件,对高锰酸钾和次氯酸盐法所制得的氧化淀粉的质量进行了比较,结果表明,前者优于后者。     

玉米淀粉和糯玉米淀粉的微波糊化特性研究

以玉米淀粉和糯玉米淀粉为原料,采用微波加热制备玉米淀粉糊,并与水浴加热制备的淀粉糊相比较,以碘兰值和酶解力为指标,研究了微波法对淀粉糊化特性的影响.研究结果表明,糊化过程中水浴法和微波法糊化淀粉的碘兰值和酶解力均随糊化时间的延长逐渐上升,其中微波糊化淀粉的速度比水浴快,但微波加热玉米淀粉糊的碘兰值和酶解力比水浴加热低.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.