利用高分辨率遥感图像阴影信息提取建筑物高度

利用全色高分辨率卫星影像数据中的阴影信息进行建筑物高度计算的原理和方法，并结合专家分类系统，研究了如何进行建筑物阴影、顶部和建筑物向阳面分类，并计算出建筑物的高度．从试验区得结果表明，高分辨率的遥感数据在城市信息获取方面有着巨大价值．     

多步骤分类法在土地利用/覆盖专题提取中的应用

利用遥感分类技术提取土地利用 覆盖专题信息一直是遥感应用研究的前沿 .采用多步骤分类法对龙海市土地利用 覆盖类型的专题信息进行提取 ,并对分类结果进行了验证 .该方法不仅提取的效果理想 ,实现过程实用 ,可操作性强 ,而且避免了一次划分多种类别方法在选择波段组合上的矛盾 .     

高分辨率遥感数据和POI数据支持下的城市土地利用分类——以宁波市某广场为例

遥感影像数据用于城市土地利用分类由来已久,但这种方法难以识别建筑物的社会经济属性。而包含社交媒体数据在内的多源数据为城市研究与应用提供了丰富的数据资源,能有效弥补遥感影像数据无法体现建筑物内在特征的不足。以宁波市某广场为例,利用高分辨率遥感数据和兴趣点(POI)数据,结合主题模型,研究使用多源数据融合是否会对城市土地利用分类起到正向作用。结果表明,仅使用遥感影像数据的土地利用分类精度为70.21%,加入POI数据后分类精度提高到84.19%,融合遥感影像数据和POI数据等多源数据可以有效提高城市土地利用分类精度。     

基于大数据的城市土地利用分类研究——以西宁市为例

以西宁市为例，基于宜出行和兴趣点（points of interest，POI）2类常用大数据以及最大似然、支持向量机和神经网络3种常用分类方法，开展了城市土地利用分类研究．通过对比不同数据与方法组合下的城市土地利用分类精度，确定了提取城市土地利用信息的最优数据组合方式和分类方法．并基于分类结果对西宁市的城市土地利用格局进行了分析．结果显示，基于POI和宜出行数据的神经网络分类方法获取的研究区城市土地利用信息精度最高，总体精度为71.25%，Kappa系数为0.62．主要原因在于综合POI和宜出行可以更加充分地反映不同土地利用类型的特征，而神经网络可以有效综合多源大数据的信息．因此，基于多源大数据和神经网络为快速有效地获取城市土地利用信息提供了有效途径，具有较大的应用潜力．      

基于RS与GIS技术的土地利用／覆盖调查——以佛山市禅城区为例

以佛山市禅城区为研究试验区，获取了研究区2005年的SPOT5卫星图像，并以此图像为基础，提取土地利用／覆盖现状信息．再利用GIS技术建立土地利用基础数据库。其结果表明，利用遥感和GIS技术能准确地反映了土地利用现状信息。并能快速更新土地利用现状数据库，是土地利用／覆盖调查的有效技术手段。     

基于机器学习的多源遥感影像融合土地利用分类研究

为了快速获取准确的城市土地利用信息,提高西南地区遥感影像城市土地利用分类信息提取的精度,探讨了当前快速发展的机器学习技术在该领域中的分类实验.选用昆明市主城区作为研究区域,以Landsat8与Sentinel-1A影像为原始数据,使用GS变换法对影像进行融合,使用卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neural Network,CNN)和BP神经网络(Back Propagation Network)2种分类算法对融合前后的遥感影像进行土地利用分类信息提取,对分类结果进行分析.研究结果表明:基于Landsat8和Sentinel-1A的融合影像数据的卷积神经网络分类算法具有最好的分类效果,其总体分类精度和Kappa系数分别为85.8091%,0.8124,认为基于多源遥感影像融合的卷积神经网络分类方法是获取准确的城市土地利用分类信息的一种可行的方法,可以为高原地区城市的土地利用分类提取研究参考.     

江南丘陵区土地利用/覆被分类

江南丘陵区土地利用/履被类型相对比较复杂，传统的基于光谱特征的计算机自动分类的精度难以达到实际应用的需求．为了提高分类精度，需要模仿目视解译过程，从遥感信息机理与地学规律的综合分析人手，综合其它辅助信息进行分类．在对绍兴试验区地学背景知识和遥感数据光谱特性充分分析的基础上，获取了试验区各类典型地物分类的知识，并以规则的形式表示这些知识，集成TM影像亮度值、亮度值关系和DEM、坡度和坡向地理辅助数据对试验区土地利用/履被进行分类．结果表明，该方法可以方便有效地综合多种辅助数据进行分类，得到令人满意的分类结果，本次试验的分类精度为86．66％。     

资源一号02C星数据在土地利用分类中的应用

以资源一号02C星的2.36mHRC和10mMUX影像为数据源,根据试验区特点进行数据预处理,得到同时具有多光谱和高分辨率特征的影像,采用面向对象的分类方法进行土地利用分类,总结资源一号02C星的数据特点及应用潜力。结果显示:Pansharp融合法能有效保持02C影像的空间和光谱信息;面向对象的分类方法能充分利用02C高分辨率融合影像具有的丰富光谱、形状、纹理等特征信息,总体分类精度达到93.04%,Kappa系数达到0.89,结果优于传统基于像元的分类法。表明资源一号02C影像能较好地应用于土地利用宏观监测。     

基于GIS的BP神经网络遥感影像分类研究

传统统计模式识别方法进行遥感影像分类时要求数据服从正态分布且难以加入地理辅助数据．通过分析BP网的分类原理与学习算法，采用了融合遥感影像光谱数据和GIS产生的地理辅助数据进行土地利用类型分类的方法．选择最能反映实验区土地利用信息的光谱数据，结合DEM数据和坡度数据，通过归一化处理后进行BP网的训练分类．将分类结果与采用最大似然法所得的结果综合比较，结果表明，该方法优于最大似然法．     

基于GIS的土地利用动态监测：以民勤试验区为例

以甘肃省民勤县城关镇毗邻的４个乡镇为典型试验区,利用遥感与ＧＩＳ相结合的技术方法,重点监测了近１０年来该地区土地利用的具体变化状况。并在地物光谱研究的基础上,提出了适合试验区实际情况的遥感波段组合（ＴＭ Ｒ１Ｂ４Ｇ６）和分类方法（贝叶斯方法）。对该实验区而言,这种波段组合效果最佳,贝叶斯分类的总精度也达到８８．５１％。对经制图综合而获得的土地利用专题信息,通过数据转换、软件接口与不同时期的土地利用     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.