多频激电相对相位谱研究

2n系列伪随机多频信号含有多个在对数坐标上呈等间距分布的主频率,是电法勘探的理想场源.多频激电相对相位谱法采用上述信号作为场源,充分反映了该信号作为电法勘探场源的优点.在多频激电相对相位谱法中,相对相位谱定义为ψr(ω)=[kψ(ω)-ψ(kω)]/(k-1).根据傅里叶变换的性质和激电效应与耦合感应的关系,证明相对相位谱测量具有如下优点:可以消除发送机和接收机之间因时间不同步而引起的测量误差,提高了观测精度;对电磁耦合感应进行了一阶线性校正,可以压制耦合感应.通过改变Cole-Cole模型中的频率相关系数c和频比k来分析相对相位谱与相位谱的差异,发现相对相位谱与相位谱在形态上一致,对异常具有同等的反应能力;它们之间的差值与频比k成反比、与频率相关系数c成正比.野外实测的多频激电相对相位谱和相位谱说明,激电相对相位谱测量对耦合感应具有良好的压制效果.     

多频复合波激电差分相位频率简谱异常区分法

研究了多频复合波激电差分相位频率简谱异常区分法的原理、技术及应用效果．采用该方法,可以有选择地快速观测一段激电频率简谱,同时获取多个差分相位参数．利用不同极化源（单个或多个）的差分相位曲线特征的相互关系和明显差异,可实时、直观、准确地区分矿异常、非矿异常．该方法还具有工作简便、高效、分辨力高等优点,具有很大的应用价值     

精密相干检测法研究

研究了精密相干检测法的原理,即采用共时钟方案,使与发送机有关的参考信号同接收机接收到的待测信号精密相干,同时精确检测出复合波信号中各主要谐波的振幅和相位.应用结果表明:该方法克服了微弱复合波信号的锁相放大、数据采集、叠加平均和获取多参数时遇到的困难,提高了观测系统的灵敏度、测量精度、抗干扰能力、探测分辨率和探测深度;精密相干检测法原理同样适用于其他观测系统和对其他类型信号的检测.     

多频激电相对相位的物理模拟

用激电法来区分矿与非矿异常的研究分为两类一类是研究激电场的时间特性或频率特性,另一类是研究激电场的非线性电效应．对三维地电结构的激电场研究,使用积分方程法比较合适．作者从电磁场基本理论出发,研究了三维电磁场在均匀导电半空间的张量格林函数,推导出该函数不含广义索末菲积分的解析式,其分量用初等函数和修正贝赛尔函数的有限形式表示,可以解决均匀半空间张量格林函数的快速计算问题．基于此函数求解Fredholm方法,将异常体剖分为一系列小立方体单元,并把此方程转化成矩阵方法便可计算出空间任意一点的电势．此外,利用中梯装置对金属硫化物矿和石墨开展了相对相位的模拟计算,其结果与物理模拟成果对比,证明计算方法是正确的．改方法利用三个相对相位差,可以快速评价异常源的性质,进而达到区分激电异常的目的．     

基于STM32F103RD的数字相干检测系统设计与实现

为了提高检测精度、简化硬件电路设计、精确测量2n伪随机复合频率信号中各主频信号通过地质体之后的响应参数(相位信息和幅度信息),基于数字相干检测的原理,设计一种数字相干检测系统。该检测系统硬件以高性能处理器STM32F103RD为核心,结合24位Σ-△型高精度模数转换器ADS1271和GPS的实时授时功能完成对待测信号的采集;该系统软件针对待测信号中与参考信号相干的某个主频信号设计A/D采样率处理、参考信号离散化处理、GPS同步规则设置以及相干检测计算等算法实现幅度和相位的检测。研究结果表明:该相干检测系统能准确检测出2n复合频率信号中各主频信号经过模拟地质体之后的响应信息;该检测系统具有良好的抗温度干扰能力、一致性以及重复性,能有效提高检测精度、减少误差。该相干检测系统非常吻合当前物探领域频率域勘探仪器的检测要求,具有广阔的应用前景。     

三频激电相对相位观测法

三频激电相对相位观测法能够同时获得多种相对相位参数，易于开展频谱测量，有利于发现和评价异常，三频激电相对相位观测系统具有权度高、效率高、抗干扰能力强和自动去耦等特点，适合快速普查、详查以及工程勘探。     

利用相位差分技术改善光学相干层析图像质量

针对光学相干层析成像（OCT）信号中的各种噪声项的干扰和微弱散射信号提取的困难，提出基于相位差分的光学相干层析成像（PD-OCT）. 首先利用相干参考臂中的纳米微调平台作为相位调制器获得相位调制参考光，然后光结合振镜扫描技术和CCD光谱采集的光谱相干层析技术（SDOCT），实现光学相干层析的相位差分成像.结果表明:相位差分技术可以准确实现青鳉鱼样品光学相干层析中的相位差分成像，弱散射信号增强337 dB,信噪比（SNR）增强58 dB，获得成像物体高信噪比的弱散射信号.     

基于相位差谱的多点激励人工波数值生成算法研究

在三角级数时域合成与快速离散傅里叶变换频域调整算法的基础上,实现基于对数正态分布相位差谱的单点激励人工波的数值生成,着重分析了目标反应谱的迭代拟合技术.结合相关建筑标准中所列地震波,给出了四类场地土的相位差谱统计特征,以利于工程采用.并以描述频谱幅值衰减关系的相干函数与以相位表征的行波效应为条件,实现多点激励地震波的数值生成.同时考虑幅值与相位两因素,保证了多点激励地震波在相邻两近点处的地震位移曲线的一致性合理条件.     

多段降频等长信号的频率估计快速迭代算法

为改善多段平稳信号频率估计的精度、实时性和扩展已有方法的适用范围,给出一种多段降频等长信号的快速迭代算法.在算法中,生成频域分析参数矩阵以克服各段信号频率不等;设计相位差补偿因子矩阵以达到相位连续信号的效果;生成搜索频率序列以修正相位差补偿因子矩阵中的未知参量并得到具有特定形式的功率谱矩阵;采用间接迭代计算以改善算法实时性.在说明上述技术措施的应用原理时,给出了5项重要性质作为该算法正确性的数学证明.针对多种应用环境状态进行了仿真实验,结果表明:该算法具有普适性、抗噪性和实时性好,频率估计精度比现有方法有较大提高.     

基于Dias模型的天然场激发极化法有效参数

为了从天然场源较强的电磁效应中提取有效的激电异常参数，找到能与目标介质物性和电化学过程相关的物理量进行异常评价，本文通过提出相位峰值偏移距和相对视频散率参数作为一对充要条件用以评价激电异常，同时选用表征频率域激电精度较高且参数丰富的Dias模型进行一维层状模型正演计算，通过分析复电阻率的相位特征验证相位峰值偏移距的有效性和适用性。结果表明，该参数与介质极化率有较好的正相关规律，在一些断面类型目标层极化率较高时该参数表现出较好的异常特征，可见在特定地电条件下该参数具备实际应用价值。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.