石墨炔修饰碳离子液体电极的制备与表征

利用石墨炔(GDY)制备了一种修饰电极.采用离子液体N-己基吡啶六氟磷酸盐(HPPF6)修饰碳糊电极(CILE)作为基底电极,通过滴涂法将GDY材料修饰于CILE表面得到修饰电极GDY/CILE.通过扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜观察了GDY的形貌并采用循环伏安法和电化学交流阻抗法对该修饰电极进行电化学测试,结果表明制备的修饰电极有较大的有效面积、较高电子传输速率以及较低的电子界面转移电阻.对修饰电极进行了连续扫描和平行测试,该工作电极表现出良好的稳定性和重现性.     

金纳米粒子与电化学还原氧化石墨烯复合材料修饰电极的制备及其电化学应用

利用金纳米粒子(Au NPs)和电化学还原氧化石墨烯(ERGO)制备了以玻碳电极(GCE)为基底电极的复合材料修饰电极Au NPs-ERGO/GCE.采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、拉曼光谱、循环伏安(CV)法、计时电流法等方法对复合材料修饰电极进行了系统表征与分析.将所制备的复合材料修饰电极应用于葡萄糖的电化学分析研究.研究数据表明:所制备的Au NPs-ERGO/GCE电极对葡萄糖具有良好的电催化性能,有较宽的检测范围和较好的灵敏度,同时,对抗坏血酸(AA)、尿酸(UA)和氯离子(Cl~-)等共存的干扰物均有良好的抗干扰性能.     

Fe-OMC复合材料的有机自组装模板法制备及其对亚硝酸钠的电催化性能研究

借助有机自组装一步软模板法制备了铁纳米负载的有序介孔碳复合材料(Fe-OMC),用TEM、XRD和电化学技术对复合材料的结构、形态、组成等进行了表征,利用电化学技术研究了目标分子NaNO_2在Fe-OMC修饰电极表面的电子转移过程.界面电荷转移、界面电催化相关电化学研究发现,该复合材料修饰电极能够有效降低NaNO_2的过电位,对NaNO_2表现出良好的电催化氧化性能,其速率常数为52.51L·mol~(-1)·s~(-1),约为裸电极的1000多倍,有望将其用于NaNO_2的电化学催化及分析传感研究.     

纳米金-铂/碳纤维复合材料的制备及其修饰电极性能研究

通过静电纺丝法制备聚丙烯腈纤维(PANF)并高温碳化以获得碳纳米纤维(CNF),利用水热法将纳米铂(PtNPs)负载于CNF表面得到Pt/CNF复合材料,将其固定于电极表面之后进一步利用电沉积法将纳米金(AuNPs)形成于Pt/CNF表面得到修饰电极(Au/Pt/CNF/CILE)。通过扫描电镜考察复合材料的形貌结构,利用电化学方法研究修饰电极的电化学性能,求解其有效面积。结果表明CNF呈网状结构,PtNPs稳定附着在纤维表面,电沉积的AuNPs均匀分布在Pt/CNF/CILE表面,所制备的修饰电极的导电性能增强、有效面积增大且表面丰富的电活性位点促进了电子的有效转移。     

血红蛋白在多孔ZnO 纳米球修饰电极上的 直接电化学与电催化

以1-丁基吡啶六氟磷酸盐作为粘合剂制备的离子液体修饰碳糊电极为基底电极,将多孔ZnO纳米球和血红蛋白(Hb)用壳聚糖固定在电极表面制备出电化学酶传感器.紫外可见光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱实验结果表明Hb在复合膜内保持其基本结构.通过修饰电极在PH 6.0的PBS缓冲溶液中的循环伏安,得到了的一对良好的氧化还原峰,可以证明Hb分子结构中的电活性中心与电极之间发生了直接电子转移,对Hb的电化学行为进行研究,求解了相关的电化学参数,该Hb修饰电极对三氯乙酸表现出良好的电催化活性.     

自组装复合修饰超薄碳糊电极的表征

本文采用了扫描电子显微镜对所构建的修饰电极表面形貌进行了表征，又采用电化学交流阻抗技术对电极的性能进行了一系列表征。结果表明修饰后的电极具有优越的电化学性能，对被测物有较高的选择性和灵敏度。     

氧化锆纳米管可控制备及在NADH电化学检测中的应用

利用硼酸促进氟锆酸铵水解,在氧化铝模板内可控制备了高度有序的氧化锆纳米管,用透射电子显微镜对氧化锆纳米管进行了表征.将负载有酸性品红的氧化锆纳米管分散至壳聚糖溶液中,并修饰至玻碳电极表面,采用电化学聚合法制备出聚酸性品红/氧化锆纳米管修饰玻碳电极.采用差分脉冲伏安法研究了NADH在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,发现该修饰电极对NADH具有良好的电催化性能,氧化峰峰电位比在裸玻碳电极上负移了220 mV,氧化峰峰电流也显著增大.用安培法检测NADH时,其电流响应与NADH浓度在1.0×10~(-6)～1.0×10~(-4) mol·L~(-1)具有良好线性关系,检出限为1.0×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1)(S/N=3).     

四氯合金属酸季铵盐掺杂聚苯胺电极的电容性能

采用循环伏安法在铂电极表面电化学聚合制备了四氯合金属酸季铵盐([C18H37N(CH3)3]2MCl4,M=Co,Ni,Mn,Cu)掺杂聚苯胺修饰电极.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)以及X线衍射(XRD)对复合电极的表面形貌和结构进行了表征;采用循环伏安法、交流阻抗和恒电流充放电测试对电极的电化学性质和电容行为进行了系统研究.结果表明,四氯合铜季铵盐掺杂聚苯胺复合电极的比表面积最大,电容性能最好,在2mA的充电电流下,初始比电容高达389.63F/g.而且,复合电极的循环稳定性良好,循环测试后保持率为96.10%.     

二氧化硅纳米微粒修饰电极的制备及其黄嘌呤电化学检测中的应用

以正硅酸四乙酯为硅源,采用恒电位沉积法制备了二氧化硅纳米颗粒修饰玻碳电极,用扫描电子显微镜、X-射线衍射光谱及电化学技术对纳米界面进行表征,研究了黄嘌呤在二氧化硅纳米微粒修饰电极表面的电化学行为,发现氧化峰峰电位负移130 mV,表明二氧化硅纳米粒子能催化黄嘌呤的电化学氧化;氧化峰峰电流明显增加,表明二氧化硅纳米粒子能...     

电化学还原石墨烯用于水合肼的电催化氧化及检测

采用电化学还原技术制备了还原石墨烯.采用扫描电镜、Raman光谱、AFM等技术表征了石墨烯的形貌和结构特征.采用电化学测试技术研究了还原石墨烯修饰电极的电化学性能及对水合肼(N_2H_4·H_2O)的电催化氧化活性.结果表明,该石墨烯电极材料具有优异的电子传导性能.与裸玻碳电极相比,石墨烯修饰电极对水合肼表现出优异的电催化氧化活性.在最佳的实验条件下,将该石墨烯修饰电极用于水合肼的灵敏检测.在1×10~(-5)~1×10~(-4) mol/L范围内,氧化峰电流与水合肼的浓度呈良好的线性关系.该石墨烯修饰电极材料有望用于环境中水合肼等有机小分子的灵敏检测.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.