H4SiW12O40-Pan催化剂催化合成丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛

自制了H1SiW12O40(硅钨酸)-PAn(聚苯胺)催化剂．通过丁醛和1,2-丙二醇为原料合成丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛,探讨了H4SiW12O40—PAn催化剂对缩醛反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了原料量比,催化剂用量,反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响．实验表明：H4SiW12O40-PAn是合成丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛的良好催化剂,在n(丁醛)：n(1,2-丙二醇)=1：1．5、催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的1．2％、环己烷为带水剂、反应时间1．0h的优化条件下,丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛的收率可达95．2％．     

磷钨酸/硅胶催化剂催化合成丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛

以溶胶-凝胶法自制的磷钨酸/硅胶为催化剂,通过丁醛和1,2-丙二醇为原料反应合成丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛,探讨了磷钨酸/硅胶催化剂对缩醛反应的催化活性,用正交试验法较系统地研究了醛醇量比、催化剂用量、带水剂用量、反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响.实验表明:磷钨酸/硅胶是合成丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛的良好催化剂,在n(丁醛):...     

合成正丁醛1,2一丙二醇缩醛的新型催化剂硫酸氢钠

以NaHSO4为催化剂,对以正丁醛(Ⅱ)和1,2-丙二醇(Ⅲ)为原料合成正丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛(I)的反应条件进行了研究,探讨了醛醇摩尔配比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对收率的影响。实验表明:NaHSO4是合成正丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛的良好催化剂。最佳反应条件为:n(醛):n(醇)=1:3,催化剂用量为反应物总质量的2.5%,带水剂环已烷为15mL,反应时间1h,在上述条件下,正丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛的收率可达71.9%。     

二氧化钛负载磷钨钼杂多酸催化合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛

采用浸渍法制备了二氧化钛负载磷钨钼杂多酸催化剂H3PW6Mo6O40/TiO2,该催化剂的适宜制备条件为:原料质量比m(TiO2)∶m(H3PW6Mo6O40)=1∶1,水的用量30 mL,浸渍时间12 h,活化温度150℃。以H3PW6Mo6O40/TiO2为催化剂,对以丁醛与乙二醇为原料合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛的反应条件进行了研究,较系统地研究了丁醛与乙二醇摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间对收率影响。实验结果表明,在n(丁醛)∶n(乙二醇)=1.0∶1.4、催化剂用量占反应物料总质量的0.8%、反应时间1.5 h的条件下,丁醛乙二醇缩醛的收率达51.3%.     

合成正丁醛1，2-丙二醇缩醛的新型催化剂硫酸氢钠

议NaHSO4为催化剂,对以正丁醛（Ⅱ）和1,2-丙二醇（Ⅲ为原料合成正丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛（Ⅰ）的反应条件进行了研究,探讨了醛醇摩尔配比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对收率的影响。实验表明：NaHSO4是合成正丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛的良好催化剂。最佳反应条件为：n（醛）：n（醇）=1：3,催化剂用量为反应物总质量的2．5％,带水剂环已烷为15mL,反应时间1h,在上述条件下,正丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛的收率可迭71．9％。     

磷钨钼酸掺杂聚苯胺催化合成缩醛(酮)

采用回流法制备了磷钨钼酸掺杂聚苯胺催化剂.对以环己酮、丁酮、苯甲醛和正丁醛与二元醇(乙二醇,1,2-丙二醇)为原料合成8种缩醛(酮)的反应条件进行了研究,较系统地研究了醛/酮与二元醇量比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对收率的影响.结果表明,在n(醛/酮)与n(乙二醇/1,2-丙二醇)的比为1∶1.5,催化剂的用量占反应物料总质量的0.8%,反应时间为1 h条件下,8种缩醛(酮)的收率为48.3%~81.1%.     

H_6P_2W_(18)O_(62)/SiO_2催化合成丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛

以H6P2W18O62/SiO2为催化剂,丁醛和1,2-丙二醇为反应物料催化合成丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛,并且利用正交实验的方法探究了H6P2W18O62/SiO2对缩醛反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了各种因素对产物收率的影响。结果表明,在n(n丁醛=0.2mol)∶n(1,2-丙二醇)=1∶1.3,带水剂环己烷的用量为6mL,催化剂H6P2W18O62/SiO2的用量为反应物总质量的1.0%,加热回流的反应时间为60min的优化条件下,产品的平均收率可达92.3%.     

碘掺杂聚苯胺催化剂催化合成缩醛(酮)

制备出单质碘掺杂聚苯胺催化剂I2/PAn,并以I2/PAn为催化剂对以乙酰乙酸乙酯、环己酮、丁酮、苯甲醛和正丁醛与二元醇(乙二醇,1,2-丙二醇)为原料合成10种缩醛(酮)的反应条件进行了研究,重点考察了影响苯甲醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛合成的各种因素.在确定的n(醛/酮):n(乙二醇/1,2-丙二醇)=1:1.6(物质的量的比),催化剂的用量占反应物料总质量的0.2%,反应时间为1 h条件下,10种缩醛(酮)的收率在47.3%～94.2%之间.     

磷钨酸/硅胶催化剂催化合成苯甲醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛

以自制磷钨酸/硅胶为多相催化剂,以苯甲醛和1,2-丙二醇为原料合成苯甲醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛,采用正交试验探讨了合成苯甲醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛的影响因素.实验结果表明:固定苯甲醛物质的量为0.2mol,在n(苯甲醛)∶n(1,2-丙二醇)=1∶1.6,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的0.75%,带水剂环己烷为10 mL,反应时间30 min的条件下,苯甲醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛的收率为75.9%.     

强酸性阳离子交换树脂催化合成异丁醛1，2-丙二醇缩醛的研究

在强酸性阳离子交换树脂催化剂存在下,以异丁醛、1,2-丙二醇为原料,直接合成异丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛．分别研究了反应温度、反应时间、原料配比、带水剂、催化剂用量等条件对合成反应的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件：反应温度90-95℃,反应时间2．5h,n（异丁醛）：n（1,2-丙二醇）=1：1．2,催化剂用量1．5g,带水剂环己烷40mL（异丁醛为0．1mol的情况下）．异丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛的收率达到91．16％,产品纯度w（异丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛）达到98．5％以上．催化剂不经处理可多次循环使用．该催化剂具有价廉易得、催化活性好、不腐蚀设备、无环境污染等优点．     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.