三维Minkowski空间中的对偶直纹面

研究了三维Minkowski空间中由类光直线生成的直纹面的对偶直纹面,给出了其分类及一些微分几何性质.特别地,对B-scroll和null-scroll对偶直纹面的性质进行了刻画.     

三元叶片型面造型对离心压缩机叶轮气动性能影响的数值研究

以某一离心压缩机中的任意曲面叶轮为研究对象,将其"直纹面化"以降低制造成本,同时研究发现,直纹面化处理后任意空间曲面三元叶轮的气动性能下降。为了提升直纹面叶轮的气动性能,通过设计8+1套改型设计方案、调整叶片型线控制点、改变叶片前缘及尾缘坐标,并借助流体计算软件Numeca进行了数值模拟,由此求得了性能曲线及内部流场。结果显示:当直纹面叶轮叶片进口安装角扩大时,气动性能明显下降,反之亦然;当直纹面叶轮叶片出口安装角扩大时,压比的提升较为明显,叶片出口安装角缩小时,效率的改善更为显著;综合改进叶片前缘与尾缘的型线,可使直纹面叶轮的气动性能显著提高。研究表明,直纹面叶轮气动性能对叶片型线变化非常敏感,通过适当地改进型线可以有效提升直纹面叶轮的气动性能,使之不低于原任意曲面叶轮的气动性能。     

基于母线Klein像性质的直纹面重构

通过分析直纹面及其母线的Klein像性质,提出了平面、圆柱面、圆锥面、单叶双曲面、双曲抛物面和螺旋面六种特殊直纹面的类型判定和重构算法．该算法也可用于以特殊直纹面逼近一般直纹面．这些算法均已在逆向工程系统MIMDFM中实现,并取得了良好的应用效果．     

可展直纹面面齿轮传动的承载接触分析

为了研究可展直纹面面齿轮的承载接触特性，从而说明其与传统齿面的差异，建立了正交直齿面齿轮的可展直纹面表达式，因其相对传统齿面的偏差为微观量，为满足局部共轭条件，对该直纹面进行了双向修形，并令其与标准渐开线圆柱齿轮啮合；基于齿面接触分析和有限元承载接触分析，对比研究了两种传动比的修形直纹面和传统齿面的主曲率、几何(空载)接触特性、承载接触特性，结果表明：传动比较大时该直纹面与传统齿面具有几乎相同的几何特征与承载特性，传动比较小时边缘接触使得接触和弯曲应力大幅增加。因此，传动比较大时可展直纹面可替代传统齿面，提高其可加工性；将所提有限元法获得的传统齿面结果与文献实验结果进行了对比，结果表明：齿面接触应力、面齿轮齿根弯曲应力、圆柱齿轮齿根弯曲应力误差率分别为2.17%、12.33%、3.97%,满足计算精度要求，证明了所提计算方法的可靠性。     

可展曲面及其母线的正交轨线

这篇小文是从直纹面母线及其正交轨线的角度研究直纹面成为可展曲面的条件,得到了一些有益的结果,同时对于可展曲面母线的正交轨线也作了讨论。     

基于固定边界的直纹面构造近似可展曲面

对边界固定直纹面提出用重新参数化边界曲线的方法来提高直纹面的可展程度。首先对一类边界曲线为二次的直纹面，证明了用一次有理函数重新参数化边界曲线可以使直纹面真正可展，然后对其他的边界曲线分别为二次和三次的直纹面，给出了衡量其可展程度的目标函数，并用牛顿迭代法求出使目标函数极小的一次有理函数，用求得的一次有理函数来重新参数化边界曲线使直纹面实现近似可展。最后通过改进方法，对一些特殊情况引入了分段的一次有理函数来重新参数化边界曲线，使得直纹面的可展程度有了进一步提高。     

等圆纹面、等圆组面及其有关应用

本文对能用旋风切削的等圆纹面、等圆组面的特点作了较细致的研究,分别找出了作为这两种曲面的充要条件,并对螺旋圆纹面与密切圆纹面作了初步探讨,找出了螺旋圆组面与螺旋圆纹面之间有类似于直纹面与可展曲面之间的关系.文中还利用上述理论,对能用旋风切削的曲面提出了找刀盘中心轨迹线和刀盘半径以及刀盘按装位置的方法.可供机械加工旋风切削有关曲面时参考.     

空间机构中直纹约束曲面的性质分析

采用微分几何学的活动标架方法研究空间机构中的直纹约束曲面的性质及不变量与不变式，得到了一般直纹面成为定斜，定轴和常参数三类直纹约束曲面的充要条件，为空间机构分析和综合提供了理论依据。     

回转副测量安装位姿不确定性影响分析与评价

将测量仪轴线矢量描述为直纹面的直母线,直母线随回转轴一起误差运动,其轨迹形成直纹面,通过建立的直纹面几何模型分析测量仪安装位姿不确定性对测量结果影响,并提出一种消除仪器安装位姿不确定性影响的评价新方法.定义了球面像误差和腰线误差去描述直纹面的误差运动范围,并通过优化得到全局不变量.采用全局不变量对主轴误差运动进行评价具有唯一性,可以剔除安装位姿不确定对测量结果的影响.通过Lion公司的双标准球测量仪实际测量得到主轴误差运动参数,通过3次安装实验优化结果对比,验证该方法的有效性.     

直纹二阶曲面的射影形成及其CAD绘图

由平面场的一维线束射影对应衍生出空间场的二维面束射影对应,研究了直纹二阶曲面射影生成新方法。讨论了两射影对应面束对应平面的方向数之间的关系式,推导出由射影对应面束构成的直纹二阶曲面的通用解析式及用AutoCAD绘制曲面的方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.