固体火箭发动机推力偏心分析与试验研究

零部件的设计公差、加工误差和装配误差会使固体火箭发动机产生推力偏心。该文从理论上详细分析了推力偏心产生的原因及其控制方法，重点归纳了零件设计公差、加工误差和装配误差等参数对推力偏心的影响程度及其量值范围。以六分力试验原理为基础建立了合理的试验系统。用该系统对某发动机的自身侧向力数据进行点火测试，试验结果与理论分析较吻合，验证了理论分析的正确性。所得结论对发动机的设计、装配质量和导弹控制研究具有较大指导意义。     

B737-300油门杆不一致故障浅析

发动机推力控制系统是用来控制和调节发动机的推力,是一个通过钢索机构把发动机的主控制器和中央操纵台上的油门杆连接在一起的系统。和它相关联的自动油门系统是通过安装在钢索机构上的自动油门伺服机构来自动地精确控制发动机的推力。它是由自动油门计算机来控制实施的。所谓油门杆不一致一般指空中使用自动油门时左右油门杆不平齐。对于自动油门杆不一致,又分为两种情况：（1）如果油门杆不一致时左右发动机参数也相应不一致,则故障原因为自动油门伺服机构失效或发动机油门钢索卡阻,飞行员需调节油门杆并监视双发参数使其保持一致;（2）如果自动油门杆不一致但左右发动机参数（主要是推力指数N1）保持一致,相应如人工将油门杆推齐,则出现发动机参数不一致,     

大推力液体火箭发动机中的动力学问题

大推力液体火箭发动机是载人登月、深空探测等重大航天活动的主动力形式,发动机推力愈大,结构动强度设计面临的挑战愈大,动力学成为解决大推力发动机研制中关键技术问题的基础学科.大推力发动机多场耦合作用显著,多源载荷成分复杂,导致了大推力发动机结构动力学问题的复杂性,解决难度大.本文在总结国内外液体火箭发动机结构故障特征的基础上,重点讨论了大推力发动机涡轮泵结构中的转子动力学和流体激振问题、管路流固耦合及动力学优化问题、推力室结构中的动力学问题及其研究的经验和需求,并介绍了发动机整机结构动力学建模和载荷传递特性分析面临的问题.最后从设计角度出发总结了结构动力学分析中需要关注的试验技术和涉及不确定性的边界包络设计思想,为解决大推力发动机结构动力学问题提供技术借鉴.     

压力指数对固体火箭发动机推力调节影响分析

结合固体火箭变推力发动机的结构特点,介绍了喉栓式变推力发动机的调节机理,完成发动机结构及数学模型的建立。并且对影响发动机调节的主要因素压力指数进行了详细分析。通过对正压力指数推进剂、负压力指数推进剂进行了分析计算和对比,获得推力调节对推进剂压力指数的要求及研究方向,对固体变推力发动机的进一步深化研究起到指导作用。     

微型航空发动机推力矢量系统建模与控制

以微型航空发动机推力矢量系统为对象,对先进战机缩比验证机的推力矢量系统进行了建模与控制研究。对推力矢量系统建模,采用了机理模型结合试验数据的方法,引入了气动偏角与推力损失系数,对机理模型进行了修正。控制律设计采用改进后的广义最小方差方法,在保证响应速度的同时,相比传统广义最小方差方法降低了对控制参数的敏感性。最后在全工况区间对修正后的推力矢量系统进行了控制律的仿真验证,结果表明:所建立的基于改进广义最小方差控制律在经过修正的推力矢量系统模型上,具有良好的控制效果。     

基于发动机性能在线计算技术的发动机推力闭环控制技术

系统依据飞机管理系统发出的推力需求指令,通过推进系统控制终端将推力需求转化为发动机供油需求从而对发动机供油进行控制,并根据发动机的热力学参数实时进行发动机性能在线计算技术,解算出实时推力修正发动机供油量,实现发动机推力闭环控制.     

三摆臂式扰流片矢量气动力数值仿真研究

为适应智能可控弹药发动机喷口愈来愈小的发展趋势,本文针对三摆臂式扰流片矢量控制形式开展了气动力数值仿真。研究了三摆臂式扰流片推力和侧向力调节能力。计算结果表明：推力随着主推角的增加而降低,最大推力损失仅与主推角有关;当主推角大于36°,扰流片间的气动干扰增强;侧向力随着侧向角和入口压力的增加而增大;当三个扰流片均位于发动机尾流中,前后方向和左右方向侧向力调节干扰小,且侧向力调节对推力影响小。     

固体火箭发动机推力测试系统

为判断固体火箭发动机性能能否满足产品图和技术条件的要求，给出安全储存可靠评价，开发研制了固体火箭发动机推力测试系统。利用该系统对50-310mm口径火箭发动机的工作时间和推力进行测试，数据采集系统采用GJB770A--97的发动机静止试验法。经过实装测试，试验台发动机装配点火数据采集处理及时有效，测试结果的推力时间曲数据准确，一致性好。能够满足目前固体火箭发动机推力检测的需要。     

STOVL型战斗机变循环发动机性能数值模拟

针对短距起飞垂直降落型(STOVL)战斗机的发动机特性进行分析。在常规双轴涡扇发动机性能模拟程序的基础上, 添加了升力风扇与滚转控制喷管部件模块, 并加入了尾喷管喉道面积、模式选择阀门面积和低压涡轮导向器面积等调节变量, 编写了带升力风扇的变循环发动机整机性能数值模拟程序, 选取超音速巡航状态设计点, 确定设计点各参数, 计算分析了带升力风扇的STOVL型变循环发动机在超音速巡航状态、海平面静止状态及STOVL状态的性能参数。研究结果表明:这种创新的变循环推进系统, 通过改变发动机有效涵道比, 提供了较大的推力增加, 同时降低了耗油率。     

发动机推力对大展弦比机翼颤振边界影响研究

为解决现有线性气动力模型对大柔性机翼受发动机推力影响的气动稳定性分析方法的不足,提出了基于计算流体力学(CFD)与Simo几何精确梁耦合的非线性气动弹性分析方法。以翼吊式发动机的大展弦比机翼为研究对象,采用横向随动力和集中质量模拟发动机推力和吊挂质量,分别研究了单纯发动机推力和考虑气动载荷联合作用时,发动机推力、结构弯扭刚度比、发动机集中质量以及发动机安装位置等参数对机翼结构颤振特性的影响。数值模拟所采用的大展弦比柔性机翼非线性气动弹性模型耦合了Simo几何精确梁模型和雷诺平均N-S非定常气动力模型,考虑了结构和流场的两场非线性耦合。模拟结果表明:发动机推力对机翼颤振边界影响很大,具体的影响效果取决于上述其他参数的变化;发动机吊舱靠近翼根布置、发动机尽量布置在机翼弹性轴之前、减小机翼弯扭刚度比等布局或设置有利于扩大机翼的颤振包线范围。因此,在进行翼吊式气动布局的设计或分析时,必须考虑发动机推力及其相关参数的影响。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with