腈纶废水的光催化氧化技术研究

采用UV/Fenton氧化处理难降解腈纶废水,研究了Fe2 和H2O2的投加量、pH值、光照时间、光照强度、有机物的浓度等条件对降解腈纶废水效果的影响.通过实验得出了UV/Fenton试剂氧化处理腈纶废水的最佳反应条件为:原水样pH3,Fe2 浓度为10 mmol·L-1,H2O2浓度为20 mmol·L-1,紫外光照强度为l000W(λ=365nm),光照时间为50min,COD降解率最高达62.77%.     

二元羧酸促进氯仿光催化降解研究

研究发现引入少量二元羧酸能显著提高H2O2诱导氯仿光催化降解效率.研究了氯仿光催化降解的影响因素,得到了最佳降解条件:pH范围在3.5～4.5;H2O2为3～10 mg/L;Fe(Ⅲ)为0.2～0.45 mmol/L.以氯离子电极和H2O2传感器分别监测氯仿降解体系中氯离子和双氧水浓度,结果表明在最佳降解条件下,氯仿降解速度显著提高.图4,表1,参16.     

UV/Fenton试剂处理高浓度含酚废水的实验研究

研究UV/Fenton试剂中各个因素对降解高浓度含酚废水的影响,确定UV/Fenton法处理高浓度含酚废水的最佳工艺条件.保持UV/Fenton体系的基准条件不变,通过改变pH值、H2O2浓度、Fe2+浓度、反应时间等实验条件,考察这些因素对UV/Fenton法处理高浓度含酚废水效果的影响.结果表明,UV/Fenton试剂对高浓度舍酚废水有较好的去除效果和较高的反应速率.当苯酚初始浓度为1 000 mg/L时,紫外光波长为253.7 nm,反应时间为25～40 min,pH值为6～7,H2O2浓度为40～50 mmol/L,Fe2+浓度为28～30 mg/L时,苯酚去除率可迭90%以上,满足后续生物降解要求.     

硝基苯类制药废水催化氧化降解的研究

采用超声波/Fenton试剂降解硝基苯类制药废水,研究了有关的工艺条件和硝基苯降解率的关系,并对其降解动力学规律进行了初步探讨。结果表明,降解反应的最佳工艺条件为：在常温常压下,反应时间为40 min,pH值为3,H2O2浓度和Fe2＋浓度分别为200 mmol和20 mmol/L,超声功率为400 W,硝基苯降解效率可达94%。超声/Fenton对废水的处理符合一级动力学规律,超声/Fenton缩短了反应时间,提高了降解效率,体现了协同作用的优点。     

类光-芬顿体系PW_(11)O_(39)Fe(Ⅲ)(H_2O)~(4-)/H_2O_2可见光催化降解罗丹明B

以Keggin型铁取代杂多阴离子PW11O39Fe(Ⅲ)(H_2O)4-(PW11Fe)为可见光活性组分构建了一个类光-芬顿体系(PW11Fe/H2O2),并用于模型污染物罗丹明B(Rh B)的可见光催化降解,同时考察了H2O2浓度、PW11Fe浓度、Rh B初始浓度及溶液p H值对Rh B可见光催化降解速率的影响,讨论了Rh B光催化降解的动力学性质。实验结果表明,当溶液p H=4.5时,由0.6 mmol·L-1PW11Fe和4 mmol·L-1H2O2构成的体系对Rh B的光催化降解效果最佳,0.01 mmol·L-1的Rh B在250 W金卤灯照射下反应60 min,其降解率达到100%,反应240 min,总有机碳(TOC)去除率约48%。羟基自由基猝灭和电子顺磁共振(EPR)实验表明,PW11Fe/H2O2体系在可见光照射下产生羟基自由基,从而导致Rh B的快速降解,降解反应的表观速率常数k为(6.2±2)×10-2mmol·L-1·min-1。     

Fenton降解活性黑5的褪色动力学研究

利用在线分光光度法对Fenton试剂降解活性黑5模拟废水进行褪色行为研究,考察了FeSO4初始浓度、H2O2初始浓度、pH值、反应温度等因素对活性黑5褪色过程的影响规律.结果表明,Fenton氧化过程分为两个拟一级动力学过程,反应前期褪色速率常数(k1)和反应后期褪色速率常数(k2)相差约5倍.增大Fe2+的初始浓度和体系温度能够增加k1和去除率,且k1与Fe2+初始浓度线性相关,反应活化能为3.451 kJ/mol;H2O2初始浓度和pH值存在最佳值,分别为2.118 mmol/L和3.     

模拟太阳光下草酸钠-Fenton试剂处理造纸中段水

光助Fenton技术作为一种高级氧化技术,广泛地应用于废水处理的研究中,草酸盐的加入可以改善对光的利用率,提高对废水中有机物的降解能力,降低成本.采用125W荧光高压汞灯模拟太阳光,研究了造纸中段废水在草酸钠-Fenton反应体系作用下的降解规律.讨论了H2O2 、C2O2-4、Fe2+ 的初始浓度以及pH值对中段水CODcr去除率的影响.结果表明,在初始pH值为5、过氧化氢浓度为4.1 mmol/L、草酸钠浓度为4.0 mmol/L、亚铁离子浓度为0.20 mmol/L时, 中段废水的CODcr值在60 min内的去除率可达91.5%.     

超声波芬顿法协同降解亚甲基蓝的研究

以亚甲基蓝溶液为模型污染物,在超声波芬顿法协同作用下对亚甲基蓝染料废水的降解作用进行了研究,考察了反应时间、H2O2用量、溶液pH值、Fe2+的浓度等因素对亚甲基蓝溶液降解的影响。结果表明,超声波单独降解亚甲基蓝溶液脱色效果不明显,超声波协同H2O2降解亚甲基蓝,加入30%H2O26mL,脱色率约45.80%;溶液pH2.80,Fe2+浓度为30mmol/L时,超声波芬顿法协同降解甲基蓝180min,脱色率达92.70%。试验证明,超声波芬顿法是一种降解亚甲基蓝的有效方法。     

Fe~(2+)和Fe~0催化双氧水氧化处理H酸结晶废母液效能的比较

采用Fenton和Fe0-类Fenton氧化反应处理含H酸结晶废母液,基于氧化还原电位(ORP)与铁离子浓度变化规律,对两种体系最佳反应条件下的处理效能进行分析.研究表明:Fenton体系在H2O2投加量为140mmol/L,n(H2O2)∶n(Fe2+)为15∶1,初始pH值为2.0时取得最佳处理效果,此时,化学需氧量(COD)降低率可达79%,总有机碳(TOC)降低率可达50%;而Fe0-类Fenton体系则在H2O2投加量为140mmol/L,Fe0投加量为0.50g/L,溶液初始pH值为1.6时取得最佳处理效果,此时,溶液COD降低率可达73%,TOC降低率可达47%.研究结果表明,以Fe2+作为催化剂处理H酸结晶废母液要比Fe0的处理效果稍好,且氧化剂H2O2的利用效率更高.     

Cu(Ⅱ)-Fe(Ⅱ)-H2O2协同催化氧化降解甲基橙

考察pH值、温度、H2O2、Cu(Ⅱ)和Fe(Ⅱ)添加量对Cu(Ⅱ)-Fe(Ⅱ)-H2O2催化氧化降解甲基橙(MO)的影响。提出了羟基自由基降解甲基橙的机理,并通过数据处理得到了甲基橙的降解动力学模型。研究结果表明:Cu(Ⅱ)和Fe(II)对甲基橙的降解存在协同催化效应,处理200 mL质量浓度为1.5 g/L的甲基橙模拟废水的最佳催化氧化条件为:pH 3.0,温度60℃,过氧化氢(体积分数30%)10 g/L,硫酸铜4.0 g/L,硫酸亚铁0.1 g/L,反应速率常数0.943 min-1;Cu(Ⅱ)-Fe(Ⅱ)-H2O2催化体系对甲基橙的降解速率高,5 min即可实现对甲基橙的完全降解。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.