不同分散剂条件下氧化铜纳米颗粒的稳定性研究

纳米流体作为新型传热介质可以提高传热系数,而其分散性和稳定性是影响热传递的主要因素,文章讨论了影响纳米氧化铜分散性的主要因素。通过Zeta电位和粒径的测定,讨论了pH值和三种不同的分散剂(SDBS、CATB、阿拉伯胶)对氧化铜纳米流体分散性的影响。发现pH值在8左右时,SDBS、阿拉伯胶做为分散剂时纳米Al2O3悬浮液的Zeta电位绝对值较大,粒径较小;在pH值在2～3之间时,CATB做为分散剂时Al2O3纳米悬浮液的Zeta电位绝对值较大,粒径较小。其中在各个分散剂最佳pH值范围内,SDBS作为分散剂时,纳米氧化铝悬浮液的Zeta电位绝对值最大,粒径最小。     

Al2O3-H2O纳米流体的导热性能

采用Hotdisk热物性分析仪测量了Al2O3-H2O纳米流体的导热系数,探讨了pH值、分散剂加入量和纳米粒子含量对导热性能的影响．结果表明：最适宜的pH值和分散剂加入量能显著提高水溶液中Al2O3表面Zeta电位的绝对值,增大颗粒间的静电排斥力,悬浮液分散稳定性较好,导热系数较高;从分散稳定和导热系数提高两个方面来考虑,最佳pH值为8．0左右;在0．10％Al2O3-H2O纳米流体中,十二烷基苯磺酸钠的最佳加入量为0．10％．Al2O3-H2O纳米流体的导热系数随纳米粒子含量的增大而非线性增大,且大于现有理论（Hamihon-Crosser模型）预测值．     

Al2O3-水纳米流体的导热性能研究

采用Hotdisk热物性分析仪测量了Al2O3-H2O纳米流体的导热系数,探讨了不同pH值、分散剂浓度和纳米粒子质量分数对Al2O3-H2O纳米流体导热性能的影响。结果表明：最优化的pH值和分散剂加入量能显著提高水溶液中Al2O3表面Zeta电位绝对值,增大了颗粒间静电排斥力,悬浮液分散稳定性较好,导热系数较高。从分散稳定和导热系数提高两个方面来考虑,pH=8.0左右被选为最优化值,在0.1%Al2O3-H2O纳米流体中,0.10%SDBS被选为最优化浓度。另外,Al2O3-H2O纳米流体的导热系数随纳米粒子质量分数的增大而增大,呈非线性关系,且比现有理论（Hamilton–Crosser模型）预测值大。     

CuO/水纳米流体悬浮液分散性能研究

通过在去离子水中添加纳米CuO颗粒,制备一种新型强化传热工质CuO/水纳米流体。采用离子型表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)、非离子型表面活性剂聚乙二醇6000(PEG6000)对纳米CuO颗粒进行分散,并对其zeta电位、粒度及吸光度进行测量。系统研究超声振动时间、表面活性剂种类和质量分数、pH值等对CuO/水纳米流体悬浮液分散性能的影响。实验结果表明,随超声振动时间的延长、分散剂浓度及pH值的增加,纳米CuO颗粒的分散性均出现先增后降的变化规律;纳米CuO颗粒的分散存在一个最佳超声振动时间、分散剂质量分数和pH值。纳米CuO在悬浮液中的最佳分散工艺条件为:超声振动时间1.5 h,pH=8,wSDBS=0.06%。     

高分散高稳定BaTiO3水基悬浮液制备的研究

采用胶体电空间稳定机制改善陶瓷粉体的分散性,以聚合物电解质PMAA—NH_4为分散剂,利用Zeta电位、沉降实验、粘度测定和粒度分析等手段,研究了分散剂的用量和pH值对BaTiO_3水基悬浮液流变性的影响,并在最佳分散剂用量和pH值条件下,制备出了高分散高稳定的BaTiO_3水基悬浮液。图4,参11。     

细圆管内纳米颗粒悬浮液流动特性的实验研究

实验研究了细圆管内氧化铜纳米颗粒悬浮液的流动特性．试验段的管径为0．68mm、1.01mm和1.28mm，氧化铜纳米颗粒的平均粒径为50nm，悬浮液中氧化铜纳米颗粒的质量分数分别为0.02,0.04和0.06，分散剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）质量的分数为0.02。实验结果显示，氧化铜纳米颗粒悬浮液的流动压降比去离子水的大，且正比于其质量分数；层流向湍流转化的临界雷诺数小于常规尺度的数值，且正比于管径。     

分散剂对Fe3O4表面化学特性的影响

以Zeta电位和电荷面密度为定量指标,研究了不同分散剂如十二烷基硫酸钠、聚乙二醇及柠檬酸对Fe3O4表面化学特性的影响.研究结果表明:Fe3O4等电点的pH值为6.4～6.8,当pH<6.4时,其表面带正电,当pH>6.8时,其表面带负电;十二烷基硫酸钠和柠檬酸通过静电吸附作用使Fe3O4的表面电荷发生非常显著的变化,等电点明显向酸性方向移动,Fe3O4粒径减小,分散稳定性能越强;聚乙二醇与Fe3O4形成配位键,提供位阻斥力改变Zeta电位和电荷面密度,对Fe3O4的粒径和分散性能无明显影响.     

Cu-H_2O纳米流体的粘度研究

采用毛细管粘度计测量了Cu-H2O纳米流体的粘度,研究了pH值、分散剂加入量和纳米颗粒质量分数对纳米流体粘度的影响.结果表明在液体中添加纳米颗粒,其粘度发生了变化,但不同因素对纳米流体粘度的影响不同.在最佳pH值和分散剂加入量时,纳米颗粒质量分数对粘度的影响较大.     

分散剂(PMAA-NH4)质量分数和pH值对纳米氧化锆悬浮液分散效果的影响

通过测量不同分散剂的质量分数和pH值以及纳米氧化锆悬浮液的流变曲线，研究了分散剂的质量分数和pH值对纳米氧化锆悬浮液分散的影响。实验结果表明，PMAA—NH4对纳米氧化锆有明显的分散效果，在pH值等于9以及分散剂的质量分数为0．3％时，分散效果最好。     

卵磷脂悬浮液的表面化学性质研究

磷脂是构成生物膜的主要成分,卵磷脂及其水解产物在食品、医疗保健、化妆品等领域都有重要用途。文章将富含磷脂酰胆碱(PC)的浓缩大豆磷脂和乙酸/乙酸钠缓冲液通过高速均质制备为卵磷脂悬浮液,并研究卵磷脂在水相中的表面化学性质,当缓冲液pH值增加时,颗粒粒径变大,体系的电导率增大,Zeta电位绝对值降低,体系的黏度下降;磷脂酶为生物催化剂催化卵磷脂悬浮液时,卵磷脂悬浮液的Zeta电位出现波动,pH值出现略微下降后最终保持在4.70左右,电导率略微上升后保持在9.5mS/cm左右,流体黏度因固含量下降而下降,最终会保持平衡。对于水解过程中出现的固液分离现象,分2个阶段对其进行讨论,其中第2阶段可分为2种分化途径,一是水解后变大的颗粒相互聚集,形成漂浮于水相上层的脂肪酸杂质;二是水解后变大的颗粒发生分裂,形成了新的悬浮体系。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to