40%嘧霉胺SC防治番茄灰霉病田间药效试验

田间药效试验结果表明,用40%嘧霉胺SC 800倍液防治番茄灰霉病,对叶片和果实的防效分别为90.06%和85.20%,显著高于对照药剂50%速克灵WO 1000倍液的防效.在稀释800～1200倍的情况下,防治效果可达85%～90%,并对作物安全.     

魔芋软腐病药剂防治试验研究

选用甲醛加高锰酸钾、农用链霉素、龙克菌、可杀得、碧生、强氯精6种药剂对魔芋种芋进行消毒处理,解决种芋带病问题。结果表明40％甲醛＋高锰酸钾熏蒸24小时、72％农用硫酸链霉素可溶性粉剂500倍液喷雾及20％碧生（噻唑锌）500倍液喷雾消毒法进行种芋处理后种植,对魔芋软腐病均有较好的防治效果,防效均在60％以上,高于其它药剂,尤其是加％甲醛（分析纯）＋高锰酸钾熏蒸24小时最好。     

防治烟草青枯病杀菌剂筛选

采用“农药-菌悬液混合”杀菌法结合盆栽试验,测定了烟茎青等3种药剂对烟草青枯病菌的防治效果。结果表明,3种供试药剂中,以烟茎青的防治效果最佳,Ecso为9．9gg·mL^-1,其有效浓度稀释80000×时抑菌率达100％,盆栽防治效果为60．3％;青枯灵次之,EC50为140．3ug·ml^-1,防效为29．2％;农用硫酸链霉素防治效果最差,EC50为6068．8gg·mL^-1,防效为12．1％。     

八种药剂防治霍山石斛煤污病病原菌研究

从霍山石斛叶片病灶部位筛选病原菌,并对其进行防治研究。采用组织块法分离霍山石斛煤污病疑似病原菌;通过致病性研究筛选霍山石斛煤污病的病原菌;通过形态特征对该菌株进行初步菌种鉴定;采用牛津杯法测定8种供试药剂对病原菌室内毒力的大小,并对测定效果最好的供试药剂进行了最小抑菌浓度的研究。从霍山石斛叶片病灶部位共筛选得到疑似病原菌3株,致病性研究结果表明菌株MW1为病原菌,根据菌株MW1的形态学特征初步将其鉴定为芽枝霉属(Cladosporium sp.)真菌。室内药剂毒力测定结果表明,速克灵可湿性粉剂是供试药剂中对菌株MW1室内毒力效果最好的药剂,其对菌株MW1抑菌圈的直径为2.76 cm,最小抑菌浓度为稀释至2 000倍后样品。本研究结果为霍山石斛煤污病的防治提供理论依据。     

新型果树专用涂抹剂的研制

果树腐烂病是果树主要的病害之一。笔者认为,由于该病原菌的独特性和独特发病规律,选择理想的药剂及剂型杀死该病菌至关重要,也是治愈此病的关键所在。本研究在以往研究的基础上,通过药剂筛选,分散剂的选择,稳定剂的选择,粘着剂的选择,配方剂型设计,并在兰州市榆中县进行了田间药效。试验结果表明,本剂兑水3～5倍涂干,对苹果腐烂病的防效为87～95%。200～300倍液枝干喷雾,防效为76～92%。     

甜瓜细菌性斑点病种子带菌及种子处理试验研究

细菌性斑点病是新疆甜瓜上最严重的病害之一,1999～2000年从田间采集感染细菌性斑点病的哈密瓜病种进行种子带菌测定,查明该病可通过种子传播,其种子带菌在31.2%～96.3%之间,用同一病瓜种子进行药剂处理试验,结果查明1%～5%HCl、1%H2SO4、100倍40%甲醛、0.1%升汞以及1%～5%的次氯酸钙进行种子处理,均有较好的防治效果,而链霉素、氯霉素效果较差,故应选用前者作为种子处理的药剂.     

贮鲜灵对柑桔青霉病的防治效果

试验结果表明:贮鲜灵对柑桔青霉病的防治效果高达94.3%,霜霉灵,速克灵对青霉病的防效分别是28.1%和15.85;DT 杀菌剂,苯来特,甲基托布津,百菌灵,百菌清,杀毒矾,几乎没有防效;柑桔青霉病菌对苯并咪唑类的苯菌灵,硫脲基甲酸甲酯类的托布津已产生了抗药性,但对柑桔长效保鲜剂——贮鲜灵尚未产生抗药性,在柑桔保鲜贮藏中仍然可以继续使用。     

烟赤净对烟草赤星病的防效

用 8 %烟赤净对烟草赤星病进行田间药效试验 ,结果表明 ,8%烟赤净水剂 80 0倍液的平均防效为 77.12 % ,防效最高 ;4 0 %菌核净可湿性粉剂 5 0 0倍液平均防效为 6 5 .81% ;农用链霉素 2 0 0万单位的平均防效为5 5 .4 1% ,防效最低。     

几种防治烟草花叶病的药剂筛选试验

对4种病毒抑制剂(2%菌克毒克,3.95%病毒化克,22%金叶宝,1.5%植病灵)进行防治烟草花叶病的田间试验和大田示范.结果表明:2%菌克毒克防治效果最好,对花叶病的防治效果为70.4%～75.8%,大田示范的防治效果为70.2%.4种病毒抑制剂的防治效果依次为:2%菌克毒＞3.95%病毒必克＞22%金叶宝＞1.5%植病灵.     

桔黄假单胞菌JD37对玉米、小麦的防病促生作用

从上海市郊农作物根际土壤中筛选到一株桔黄假单胞菌,命名为JD37,其对多种植物病原菌具有较强的拮抗作用.玉米幼苗的盆栽试验表明JD37能够显著促进玉米幼苗的生长.通过对玉米小斑病原菌和小麦赤霉病原菌的拮抗实验发现:其对两种病原菌具有较强的拮抗作用,形成的抑菌圈直径分别为39.6 mm、29.3 mm,同时推测该菌的代谢产物中可能含有抑菌活性物质.玉米、小麦的生防实验表明JD37菌具有较强的防病作用,生防效果分别达到43.63%、29.57%.本试验旨为开发JD37菌剂提供理论依据.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…