小学生言语智慧培植的归因分析与研究

对小学生习作而言，所谓的言语智慧就是小学生在“言”与“意”的转换活动中呈现的表达智慧。小学生习作中培植言语智慧，指的是对题材的认识不仅仅停留于表面。具有独特的见解与感受；“言”和“意”的合一程度良好，用语不再干涩、平淡乃至苍白，体现小学生用语的慧性与灵性。当前小学生习作中行文平淡又程式化。     

“提示”义“看”字探讨

语言表达存在三个平面或领域——现实域、认知域、言语行为域。担心——认识情态标记词“看”的产生源于现实域“提示”义“看”在认知域的投射，是后者在言语行为域缩合。而不同领域的“提示”义“看”往往有不同的语用功能，原型句式和基本句义。     

《“言”“语”“论”“说”与先秦论说文体》序

中国古代有重视文体的传统。《墨子·大取》云：“夫辞以类行者也,立辞而不明于其类,则必困矣。”这里所说的“类”,虽不专指文体类别,但包含有区分文体的内涵。《尚书·毕命》则将“辞尚体要”与“政贵有恒”相提并论,进一步凸显了文体的重要意义。《周礼》、《礼记》等都有关于文体的记述。后人继承这一传统,对文体给予了高度重视。     

“互向”类言语行为动词语义认知解释

动词语义认知结构的分析根据不同的理论可以从不同的角度进行。该研究先就“互向”类言语行为动词与“单向”类言语行为动词具有不同的信息传递认知结构作了简单区分,重点体现了八对英汉“互向”类言语行为动词的信息传递认知结构和语义认知特征以及它们的语用解释。     

《李长吉歌诗解读》前言

李长吉诗非“无理”、“少理”、“无补于用”，实乃辞理兼胜、理在言外，长吉处元和新、旧乐府平易浅俗风靡诗坛之时，绝去翰墨畦径，呕心不经人道语，骨劲而神秀，奇不入诞，丽不入纤。然初读长吉诗，每喜其才，而感其涩，盖未谙长吉诗之艺术创新：一用字用词多以生语替代习熟之辞；二多以冷僻奇诡之意象入诗；三诗句之间或离合跌宕，或翻转透跃，脉络婉曲；四立意谋篇多比兴暗示，诗义多重旨复意。     

再谈语言和言语、语言的语言学和言语的语言学

言语的内容应该包括过程和结果两个方面，即说（写）和所说（所写）。索绪尔认为，语言研究不能一味停留在历史的溯源上，而应该首先分析语言的内部结构。因此，必须明确前进道路上的两条“分岔路”：第一条：“分岔路”是语言和言语；第二条“分岔路”是共时和历时。对语言和言语各自内容的具体划分如下：句子以下的静态单位，如语音中的音素、音位、音节，语义中的义素义位，词汇与语法中的语素、词、词组等不同的模式系统可属于语言范畴。句子的模式属于语言范畴，句子的具体内容属于言语范畴。句子以上的语流、语调、句群、段落、段群、篇章属于言语范畴。     

说“调侃”

“调侃”一词原形是嘲 ,嘲与近义合成 ,其意义是用言语戏弄、嘲笑。这说明 ,现代汉语同样需要训诂     

“子”语素“小称”探源———修辞与派生构词管窥

认为“子”语素“小称”的演变动因是言语环境促使隐含义素突显,即“小称”本 身来自于单音词“子”感情意义层的区别性义素,突显的触发机制是拟人、借代和借喻.派生词义是词汇化过程中,词根和词缀共同作用的结果.“小称”并非从意义角度判定“子”是否为词缀的标准.     

试拟一种修辞新格──装佯

谭永祥先生对辞格研究贡献卓著，正如修辞学家吴士文先生所说：“从古至今，拈出新格数目最多的首推谭永祥，这是谁都不能不承认的事实。”他所提出的辞格，绝大部分都得到了修辞学界的承认。其中的谲辞也为近年出版的几种修辞格辞典所收录，但笔者以为谲辞还需要进一步研究。从内涵方面看，为掩饰真情而故意说点儿谎言假语，并在言语交际中收到积极的效果，这种表达假信息的修辞手法叫做“谲辞”。这里的“真情”不知是真实情况还是真实感情，所指不同，它所涵盖的范围也就不一样。从外延方面看，人们所说的话，如果从信息是否符合实际的角…     

论昉文之隐秀——以《为齐明帝让宣城郡公第一表》为例

“隐秀”是“任笔”的一个突出特点。“隐”在昉文中既表现为命意上的“深衷内朗”，又表现为属辞上的“潜气内转”；“秀”是指防文秀句中所体现出来的意秀、情秀和辞秀。昉文的“隐秀”特征在《为齐明帝让宣城郡公第一表》一文中得到了集中体现。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.