提取分离活性染料的微乳液膜体系研究

对适用于提取分离水溶液中活性染料的微乳液膜体系进行研究．以三元相图为实验方法，考察了表面活性剂、助表面活性剂、油溶剂以及促进迁移载体的选择和用量；分析了不同内水相浓度、温度等因素对微乳液膜的影响．实验结果表明，以OP-7为表面活性剂、异戊醇为助表面活性剂、煤油为油溶剂、N235为促进迁移载体组成有机相，以NaOH溶液为内水相的微乳液膜体系，可有效提取分离活性染料艳蓝-K．     

抗菌性植物精油的复配及其微乳液的制备

针对单一植物源杀菌剂存在高成本、低抗菌性且抗菌谱较窄及植物精油不稳定的问题,设计开发了一种新型的抗菌复方精油微乳液.采用协同指数法确定精油的最佳复配组合,并利用相转化法制备其微乳液,通过分析拟三元相图中微乳液区域的大小研究了表面活性剂、助表面活性剂、表面活性剂与助表面活性剂的质量比(Km)及油相含量对微乳液形成的影响.结果表明:在室温条件下,以丁香油-肉桂油-大蒜油复配精油(质量比8∶1∶8)为油相、Tween-80为表面活性剂、甘油为助表面活性剂、蒸馏水为水相,当Km=5∶1、油相和混合表面活性剂的质量比为2∶8时,制备的微乳液抗菌性能显著,且外观及稳定性等均较好.     

十二烷基甜菜碱/正丁醇/正辛烷/盐水体系中相微乳液研究

两性表面活性剂十二烷基甜菜碱（Ｃ１２ＢＥ）,在正丁醇,正辛烷,盐水存在的情况下,能形成多相微乳液．本文系统地研究了表面活性剂,正丁醇和氯化钠的浓度对该体系的中相微乳液的形成及特性的影响,得到了中相微乳液的特性参数（最佳含盐量Ｓ＊,界面张力ｒＥ和盐宽△Ｓ等）．     

油包水微乳液体系的稳定性分析

将表面活性剂Tween80和Span80复配,以环己烷为油相制备高度分散、液滴均匀的油包水(W/O)型微乳液.以最大增溶水量为指标,通过目测及测定体系电导率,研究了表面活性剂复配、四种醇类助表面活性剂、温度和盐度等因素对微乳液体系稳定性的影响,探索该微乳液形成的适宜条件.实验结果表明:当复配表面活性剂中Tween80的含量为60%、乙醇作助表面活性剂、助表面活性剂与复配表面活性剂质量比Km=1.0时,可得到作为微反应器的理想微乳液体系;随温度升高,W/O微乳液体系相图的稳定区域减小,盐度对微乳液稳定性的影响减小.     

实验与MD模拟探究基于LS-45的超临界CO_2微乳液结构

超临界CO_2微乳液具有特殊的微观结构,这是其在萃取、反应及纳米材料制备领域广泛应用的前提。文中通过相行为实验和分子动力学模拟相结合的方法,测试了基于表面活性剂LS-45超临界CO_2微乳液的临界微乳液浓度及溶水能力。运用分子动力学模拟,从分子级别上考察了微乳液的聚集过程,并分析了聚团的结构信息。实验结果表明,LS-45微乳液体系的临界微乳液浓度为0.002 71 mol/L,体系溶水能力随压力的增大而增大。模拟结果显示,水分子与表面活性剂分子的聚集轨迹基本同步,表面活性剂数量对微乳液内水核的最终聚集程度影响不大。     

微乳液膜萃取废水中酚的研究

研究了P_(204)煤油NaOH组成的微乳液膜配方及其稳定性,通过该液膜体系萃取废水中酚,考察了PP_(204)的浓度、NaOH的浓度、乳水比、外水相pH值、酚的浓度对除酚率的影响.实验结果表明,微乳液膜不仅稳定性好,无明显溶胀和泄漏,而且分离速度快,除酚率高,可自动破乳.当PP_(204)的浓度为1.0mol/L,乳水比为1∶3,含酚废水的pH值为5时,除酚率达99.98%.     

SDS／C4H9OH／H2O微乳液,溶致液晶体系中泡沫的稳定性

在ＳＤＳ／Ｃ４Ｈ９ＯＨ／Ｈ２Ｏ体系中，以微乳液为介质制备泡沫，其稳定性随表面活性剂浓度的增加而降低，且以Ｏ／Ｗ微乳液为介质比以双连续结构微乳液为介质制备的泡沫稳定性高。以微乳液－溶致液晶两相体系为介质制备泡沫，其稳定性随液晶含量的增加而增加，但液晶含量过多反而降低了泡沫的稳定性。在微乳液单相体系和微乳液－溶致液晶两相体系中所制的泡沫，其高度随时间的变化符合一级反应动力学方程。     

以反胶束为模板合成导电聚苯胺

选用2—乙基已基琥珀酸钠(AOT)／异辛烷、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚(Triton-X100或OP)／正辛醇／环己烷以及十六烷基三甲基澳化铵(CTAB)／氯仿／正辛醇三种不同类型的表面活性剂形成的反胶束体系为模板进行苯胺聚合．系统地讨论了苯胺与过硫酸铵的物质的量的比、反应时间、氧化剂滴加速率、反应温度、微水相酸浓度及表面活性剂浓度等因素对于反应表现收率及电导率的影响．     

HCFC141b乳液及微乳液体系水合物生成过程实验研究

为促进制冷剂快速生成水合物,首先利用高剪切混合乳化机制备HCFC141b乳液来增大两相界面,考察了剪切乳化时间、环境浴温度、HCFC141b浓度、"记忆效应"和高浓度表面活性剂对HCFC141b乳液水合反应过程的诱导时间和过冷度的影响.以此为基础,由T20/卵磷脂复配表面活性剂和T80研制热力学稳定的HCFC141b微乳液来提高两相相容性,揭示了HCFC141b微乳液水合反应过程中的晶体生长特征.微乳液中HCFC141水合物晶体均匀快速生长,与乳液水合反应相比,其诱导时间和过冷度大大减小.该研究为有效促进水合物结晶开辟了新途径.     

乳状液膜提取钯

本研究包括:(1)流动载体TNOA和N_(1923)的比较.(2)搅拌速度对提取钯的影响.(3)表面活性剂浓度、流动载体浓度、油内比和水乳比四因素正交试验.在本实验条件下对于含钯100ppm左右的料液和废水,其提取率可达97％以上,内相钯的富集浓度可达1000～3000ppm.用乳状液膜提取钯是一项很有希望的技术.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.