海胆状Ag/g-C_3N_4/ZnO三元复合高效光催化材料的制备

通过简单的二步水热法制备了一种具有良好光催化特性的海胆状Ag/g-C_3N_4/ZnO三元复合光催化材料,通过SEM,TEM,XRD,XPS和UV-Vis DRS等表征方法对材料进行了表征。SEM和TEM结果表明,该材料是以螺旋杆状ZnO纳米棒自组装而成的海胆状ZnO为基体的三元复合物。XPS分析表明,在Ag,g-C_3N_4与ZnO之间形成了双异质结结构。UV-Vis DRS测试表明,所得复合材料与纯海胆状ZnO相比,其吸收带边发生了较大的红移,对可见光吸收增强。氙灯照射下光催化实验结果表明,该材料相较于纯海胆状ZnO,光催化性能显著提高,效率达到97%。最后探究了Ag/g-C_3N_4/ZnO特殊的形貌结构、纳米Ag的局域表面等离子共振效应(LSPR)及g-C_3N_4与ZnO异质结的形成等因素对光催化性能的影响。     

C3N4/ZnO复合材料可见光下的甲醛光电气敏性能

以水热法合成的ZnO纳米棒花为载体,将C_3N_4定量负载在其表面,制备C_3N_4/ZnO复合材料.由于C_3N_4与ZnO的能级匹配,可有效促进其光生电荷的分离,降低光生电荷复合率,显著提高载流子浓度,使其光电流明显增加.C_3N_4与ZnO质量比为2%的样品(2%C_3N_4/ZnO)性能最佳,其光电流在370 nm处可达120μA,为纯ZnO的2.4倍.在室温可见光下,2%C_3N_4/ZnO样品对HCHO的光电气敏响应值可达122%,比纯ZnO高4倍左右.结果表明,适量C_3N_4的负载有效延长了光生电荷的寿命,使ZnO材料在可见光区对HCHO气体表现出高效的光电气敏性能.     

Ag/α-Fe_2O_3/g-C_3N_4光催化降解罗丹明B

为了使g-C_3N_4光生电子和空穴容易复合,改善可见光响应低等缺点,该实验中采用溶胶-凝胶法将g-C_3N_4和α-Fe_2O_3进行复合形成g-C_3N_4异质结光催化剂,再采用光沉积法将Ag沉积在α-Fe_2O_3/g-C_3N_4上,构建Z型机制Ag/α-Fe_2O_3/g-C_3N_4催化剂材料,改善光生电荷的分离和传输能力及可见光响应,进一步增强其光催化降解污染物活性.最后通过XRD、FT-IR、XPS、SEM、TEM、紫外-可见漫反射光谱表征光催化剂结构和性能,并以染料罗丹明B溶液模拟废水,研究催化剂的降解动力学特性,通过活性基团捕获实验探究光催化机制.实验结果表明:(1)α-Fe_2O_3和g-C_3N_4复合形成异质结,当α-Fe_2O_3负载量为3%时,α-Fe_2O_3/g-C_3N_4光催化性能比纯的g-C_3N_4有了明显的提高,光催化性能降解罗丹明B达到79%.(2)Ag负载在α-Fe_2O_3/g-C_3N_4,当Ag的负载量为3%时,在可见光下3.5 h能够对罗丹明B达到95%以上的降解.(3)Ag/α-Fe_2O_3/g-C_3N_4增强的光催化剂性归因于α-Fe_2O_3和g-C_3N_4形成异质结以及Ag加入后形成Z型异质结结构.     

g-C_3N_4/RGO/AgI复合光催化剂的制备及性能研究

采用热聚合法制备石墨相氮化碳(g-C_3N_4),超声法制备还原氧化石墨烯/石墨相氮化碳(RGO/g-C_3N_4)二元复合光催化剂,再利用共沉淀法在二元复合光催化剂RGO/g-C_3N_4表面负载AgI,制得g-C_3N_4/RGO/AgI复合光催化剂。运用XRD、SEM、FT-IR、UV-Vis和FTIR等手段对材料进行表征,以罗丹明B(Rh B)作为目标物,用g-C_3N_4/RGO/AgI进行光催化降解实验。结果表明:光照210min后,g-C_3N_4/RGO/AgI光催化剂对Rh B的降解率为96. 52%。相同条件下,RGO/g-C_3N_4和gC_3N_4/AgI对RhB的降解率分别为58. 28%和73. 80%。g-C_3N_4/RGO/AgI复合光催化剂具有优异的光催化性能。     

氮掺杂碳点/富氮类石墨型氮化碳复合光催化剂的制备及产氢性能研究

通过自下而上的方法,以g-C_3N_5为基质、柠檬酸为前驱体,制备了氮掺杂碳点(N-CDs)掺杂g-C_3N_5复合光催化剂.通过X射线粉末衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、N_2吸附-脱附等温线、紫外-可见光漫反射光谱及荧光光谱等对材料的组成、表面形貌和化学性能进行表征,以光分解水产氢实验研究了材料的光催化产氢性能.研究结果表明:0.125%N-CDs/g-C_3N_5复合光催化剂具有较多的活性位点,促进了光催化反应的电子传递过程,从而提高了材料的光催化产氢性能;N-CDs的掺杂提高了太阳光利用效率的同时进一步将电子-空穴对的高复合率降低,从而使光催化活性提高;在模拟可见光的光照射下,0.125%N-CDs/g-C_3N_5复合光催化剂的产氢量是g-C_3N_5的3.5倍.     

表面负载型g-C_3N_4/TiO_2复合催化剂的制备及可见光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)的性能研究

采用热聚合-溶剂热法得到表面负载型g-C_3N_4/TiO_2复合材料,其结构组成、形貌和光电性质通过XRD、TEM、HRTEM、FT-IR、BET和UV-vis测试分析.结果表明TiO_2纳米小颗粒负载于微米级片状g-C_3N_4表面,形成稳定的g-C_3N_4/TiO_2固-固异质结构,扩大了光响应范围、显著提高光生载流子的分离效率.在可见光催化还原水中Cr(Ⅵ)的过程中,g-C_3N_4的质量百分含量是影响光催化活性的重要因素,g-C_3N_4/TiO_2-C具有最高的光催化活性和良好的稳定性.依据实验结果和光电流响应实验给出光催化反应机理.     

TNTAs／g-C3 N4的制备及光催化降解罗丹明B

采用水热法制备了二氧化钛纳米管(TNTAs),以尿素为前驱体采用煅烧法制备了g-C_3N_4,然后通过超声制备了TNTAs/g-C_3N_4复合物,并研究了复合物对罗丹明B(RhB)的光催化降解活性.结果表明:TNTAs与g-C_3N_4的复合,增强了对可见光的利用率,复合物中异质结的形成,有效抑制了催化剂中光生电子和空穴对的复合,TNTAs/g-C_3N_4复合物光催化降解RhB的性能得到了明显提高,其中TNTAs/g-C_3N_4-1∶2具有最高的光催化降解活性.     

Yb_2O_3/g-C_3N_4复合光催化剂的制备及光催化性能研究

为了验证可见光下Yb_2O_3/g-C_3N_4光催化剂分别降解水体中的苯酚和盐酸四环素(TTCH)的光催化效果.本研究采用热解和超声混合方法制备Yb_2O_3/g-C_3N_4光催化剂,并用多种仪器进行性能表征.Yb_2O_3/g-C_3N_4在可见光下对20 mg/L苯酚和TTCH的降解率分别为80.83%和85.01%;Yb_2O_3/g-C_3N_4复合光催化剂的光催化性能明显提高,其降解苯酚的速率是g-C_3N_4的3.80倍,降解TTCH的速率g-C_3N_4的6.57倍.结果表明,Yb_2O_3/g-C_3N_4具有更加高效的可见光响应能力,且具备更好的光催化性能.     

Ni/Fe-C_3N_4/Ag复合材料的制备及其光催化性能研究

以三聚氰胺、硝酸铁和硝酸镍为原料,一锅法制备了较高比表面积Ni/Fe-C_3N_4,用光照还原法在其表面原位沉积Ag,制得Ni/Fe-C_3N_4/Ag复合材料,并以甲基橙溶液作为目标污染物进行光催化实验.实验发现,与单一的g-C_3N_4相比,在掺杂Ni/Fe及原位负载银后,光催化性能明显提高,且Ni/Fe-C_3N_4/Ag的光催化效果最优.结果表明,Ni/Fe掺杂和纳米Ag沉积的协同作用,增强了Ni/Fe-C_3N_4/Ag的光吸收能力,促进了光生电子和空穴的有效分离,有效提高了复合材料的光催化性能.     

ZnTe/ZnO类球状复合材料的制备及其光催化性能

以亚碲酸钠,氧化锌为前驱体,采用溶剂热法合成了ZnTe/ZnO类球状复合材料,通过控制合成ZnTe颗粒的量来研究复合样的光催化性能.XRD确定合成样品为ZnTe/ZnO复合材料,SEM表征样品形貌为类球状复合物,UV-Vis测试样品光学特性,PL和EIS测试解释复合样光催化增强的原因,实验结果验证了在紫外光照射下光催化性能复合样优于纯相,而且以ZnO和Na_2TeO_3物质的量比为1∶0.4时合成的ZnTe/ZnO类球状复合样表现出最佳光催化活性,40min降解亚甲基蓝达到91%.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.