鄂尔多斯盆地南缘晚古生代沉积物源及其对秦岭造山带北部演化的指示

鄂尔多斯盆地南缘位于华北克拉通盆地的西南部,其形成演化和沉积过程与华北克拉通南侧秦岭造山带的活动有紧密的联系.晚古生代沉积的物源特征能够帮助提取关于秦岭造山带的演化信息.基于对鄂尔多斯盆地南缘澄城和韩城2条出露本溪组－石千峰组的剖面岩石学特征的详细研究,从岩石性质、碎屑特征、重矿物组合和碎屑组分的Dickinson三角图解等方面进行分析讨论,获得了鄂尔多斯盆地南缘晚古生代物源的详细信息,并揭示了秦岭造山带北部晚古生代的演化过程.研究表明,本溪组－太原组的物源为秦岭造山带中的华北板块南缘带;山西组－石千峰组的物源来自于北秦岭构造带,物源区有向南迁移的特征.晚泥盆－晚石炭世商丹带的点接触初始碰撞造成华北板块南缘发生抬升,早二叠世秦岭造山带进入面接触碰撞阶段,造成北秦岭弧后盆地和岛弧带依次发生隆升,成为鄂尔多斯南缘沉积区的主要物源供给区.扬子板块与华北板块自东向西剪刀状的碰撞,造成鄂尔多斯南缘沉积的山西组－下石盒子组的古流向由南东－北西方向朝南西－北东方向的转变.     

Structural and chronological constraints on a Late Paleozoic shortening event in the Yanshan Tectonic Belt

Early deformation history of the Yanshan Tectonic Belt is an unsolved, important issue. We report early structures and their dating results in basement rocks south of the Kalaqin metamorphic core complex. The basement deformation zone is characterized by WNW-ESE steep gneissosity, WNW-ESE shallow mineral elongation lineation and many intrafolial or isoclinal folds. Many kinematic indicators show that it is a WNW-ESE steep, ductile sinistral deformation zone. LA-ICPMS zircon dating gives a crystallization age of 271 Ma for tatolly transposed, deformed monzonite granite dyke and crystallization ages of 251–250 Ma and 210 Ma for undeformed dyke, stock and pluton. The dating results demonstrate that the deformation related to regional shortening took place between 271 and 251 Ma, i.e. Middle-Late Permian. Combined with previous dating results for post-orogenic magmatism in the Yanshan Tectonic Belt, it is inferred that the shortening-related deformation happened in Middle Permian (271–260 Ma). Recent studies suggest that collision along the Solonker Suture took place in Middle Permian, and is then followed by post-collision extenion in Late Permian. We propose that the intense shortening deformation of the Middle Permian in the Yanshan Tectonic Belt belongs to foreland deformation along the norterhn margin of the North China Craton which is caused by continent-continent collision in the Xing-Meng Orogen. The belt was then oriprinted by shortening deformation of the Yanshanian Movement.     

阿拉伯半岛中南部上前寒武系至自垩系地层分布及特征

阿拉伯半岛中部和南部结晶基底之上最早的稳定沉积是前寒武纪晚期至早寒武世的断陷盆地沉积,以碳酸岩、碎屑岩和蒸发岩为特征。寒武系至下二叠统地层由陆源碎屑岩及少量碳酸岩组成。晚二叠世开始广泛海侵。以浅海灰岩为主,沉积范围向南扩展。三叠纪晚期至侏罗纪初期地壳上升剥蚀。侏罗系和白垩系地层以浅海碳酸岩为主,其间晚白垩世土伦期再次受到地壳运动影响。     

Porphyry Cu-Mo deposits in the eastern Xing’an-Mongolian Orogenic Belt: Mineralization ages and their geodynamic implications

The eastern Xing’an-Mongolian (Xing-Meng) Orogenic Belt (XMOB) is one of the important areas of porphyry copper (Cu)-molybdenum (Mo) deposits in China. However, studies on the exact ages of mineralization and their geodynamic significance are very limited. In this study, granodioritic rocks from the Duobaoshan Cu deposit and Daheishan Mo deposit were selected to make zircon SHRIMP U-Pb analyses in order to constrain their mineralization ages. Geochronological data indicate that two episodes of mineralization took place in the Duobaoshan Cu deposits. The granodiorite related to the Duobaoshan porphyry Cu deposit was formed in the Early Paleozoic with zircon U-Pb age of 485±8 Ma, whereas the granodiorites related to the Sankuanggou skarn-type Cu deposit were emplaced in the Jurassic with zircon U-Pb ages of 176±3 and 177±3 Ma. In the Daheishan area of Jilin Province, the emplacement age of the granodiorite porphyry related to the porphyry Mo deposit was dated at 170±3 Ma, and the unmineralized monzogranite at 178±3 Ma. Therefore, two episodes of Cu-Mo mineralization were developed in the eastern XMOB, at ~485 Ma and ~175 Ma, respectively. Based on the geological history and spatial-temporal distribution of the granitoids in northeastern (NE) China, it is proposed that the Duobaoshan Cu deposit was related to the collision of the Xing’an and Erguna blocks in the Early Paleozoic, and the Sankuanggou Cu and Daheishan Mo deposits were related to subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate during the Jurassic.     

～4.1 Ga xenocrystal zircon from Ordovician volcanic rocks in western part of North Qinlin80rosenic Belt

High-precision U-Pb dating by in situ LA-ICP-MS yields an age of 4079±5 Ma for a xenocrystal zircon from Ordovician volcanics of the Caotangou Group in western part of the North Qinling Orogenic Belt. As a result, the North Qinling Orogenic Belt becomes one of a few localities in the world that contain Hadean age records （4276±6 Ma and 4404±8 Ma detrital zircons from Jack Hill of the Yilgarn craton, 4016 Ma Acasta gneisses of the Wopmay Orogeny and Burang quartzite with detrital zircon of 4103 Ma in Tibet）. It is also the first report of the Hadean age in Phanerozoic volcanics. The finding of the 4.1 Ga xenocrystal zircon provides not only the geochronological record of the oldest crustal materials in China, but also the condition for further search for rocks forming in the region during the early time of the Earth＇s evolution. Thirty-six zircon U-Pb dates from the Ordovician volcanic rocks are subgrouped into seven generations that represent different tectono-magmatic events in the North Qinling Orogenic Belt. Among them, two periods of 0.9--1.5 Ga and 0.4--0.5 Ga are consistent with Mesoproterozoic and Early Paleozoic orogenies, respectively.     

Sm-Nd isotopic compositions of Cambrian-Ordovician strata at the Jinggangshan area in Jiangxi Province: Tectonic implications

Whole-rock Sm-Nd isotopes were investigated for Cambrian-Ordovician strata from the Jinggangshan area between the Yangtze Block and Cathysia Block in South China. These strata were deposited as a greatly thick unit of muddy-sandy laminas with intercalated carbonate and organic carbon-bearing layers. They have low εNd（t） values of -13.9 to -7.9 and old Nd model ages of 1842 to 2375 Ma. In tDM-tStr diagram, they are far away from the concordant line but fall within the evolution zone of the Proterozoic crust of South China. This indicates that the Cambrian-Ordovician strata are mainly composed of matters eroded from ancient Paleoproterozoic crust that may mainly consist of continental-derived detrital sediments with high maturity in the Cathysia Block. However, the Ordovician Jueshangou Formation and Dui＇ershi Formation have εNd（t） values of -10.5 and -7.9 at the higher end of the above range and Nd model ages of 1842 to 2059 Ma at the lower end of the above range. This suggests involvement of more detritus that were eroded from the relatively juvenile crust from Late Paleoproterozoic to the Early Neoproterozoic. All the Nd model ages for the Cambrian-Ordovician sedimentary rocks in the Cathysia Block and the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Block are older than 1800 Ma, suggesting that no material from the Early Paleozoic depleted mantle-derived magmas was involved in these regions.     

东昆仑造山带下中三叠统沉积岩地球化学特征

东昆仑造山带具有软磁撞、多旋回的特点，造山带内的沉积盆地具有多物源和不同的大地构造背景，东昆仑造山带东段下、中三叠统沉积岩的常量元素组成特征表明，母岩大多数为杂砂岩，部分为长石砂岩和岩屑砂岩，表明该沉积盆地是一个多物源的浊积岩复理石盆地，陆源碎屑来自与其吡邻的活动大陆边缘、被动大陆边缘和火山岛弧，稀土元素的配分模式和特征值表明该沉积盆地的大地构造背景具有活动大陆边缘和大陆岛弧的特征，更接近于活动大陆边缘，说明该盆地是一个发育于大陆壳这上的复理石前陆盆地。     

Discovery of ∼4.0 Ga detrital zircons in the Aermantai ophiolitic mélange, East Junggar, northwest China

The East Junggar is an important part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB).Using in situ zircon dating and Hf isotopic analysis by LA-ICP-MS and MC-ICP-MS,respectively,a detrital zircon of 4040 Ma age was found in sedimentary sequences from the Aermantai ophiolitic mélange,East Junggar.This is the oldest age record in the East Junggar terrane,and also marks the first zircon locality in the CAOB with an age older than 4.0 Ga,which is attributed to the Hadean crust.The 4040 Ma detrital zircon has anεHf(t)value of–5.2 and a two-stage Hf modal age of 4474 Ma,suggesting the presence of very old(Hadean)crustal material in the source area.Beside peak ages of 446 Ma,we found four age groups of 3.6–3.1 Ga,2.53–2.37 Ga,1.14–0.89 Ga and 0.47–0.42 Ga from 141 effective measuring points.The age of 426±4 Ma for the five youngest detrital zircons defines the lower limit of the deposition time of sedimentary sequencess in the Aermantai ophiolitic mélange.The 0.47–0.42 Ga zircons exhibit176Hf/177Hf ratios of 0.282156 to 0.282850,corresponding to variableεHf(t)values from–9.3 to 12.0 and Hf model ages from2011 to 646 Ma.These characteristics are similar to those of the early Paleozoic igneous and gneissic zircons from the Altai,but significantly different from those of the East Junggar.Based on the material structures of felspathic greywacke,the morphology,internal texture and age distributions of dated detrital zircons,in combination with a study of the regional geological data,it is suggested that the sedimentary sequences in the Aermantai ophiolitic mélange was deposited in the Late Silurian,with the main provenance from the Altai Orogen in the north.This indicates that the early Paleozoic ocean represented by the Aermantai ophiolitic mélange was readily closed during the Late Silurian,and the northern edge of the East Junggar terrane was accreted to the Altai Orogen.The joint of them then served as a marginal orogen in the southern edge of the Siberia Paleocontinent.     

阿尔泰造山带的逆冲-走滑构造模式

阿尔泰造山带的运动学研究证明,该造山带是由逆冲和水平左旋剪切合成作用的产物。水平运动分量沿造山带自SE向NW增大,致使造山带的运动从SE段的逆冲为主逐渐过渡到NW段的左旋走滑为主。横向上水平分量自造山带腹地(NE)向前陆(SW)增大,造成腹地逆冲、前陆走滑、中间为过渡状态的特殊运动方式。推测形成这种运动方式的原因是造山带闭合时的斜向碰撞和造山带前缘准噶尔地块的透镜体边界效应。     

Timing and setting of Guanjiagou conglomerate in South Qinling and their tectonic implications

TheGuanjiagouFormationisafault-boundterranelocatedintheSouthQinlingMountains,centralChina.Theageandtectonicsettingoftheconglomerateinthisformation(Guanjiagouconglomerate,GC)havebeencontroversialsincethe1940s,withnumerousconflictinginterpretationsandcorrelationsproposedbydifferentworkers.Forexample,itwasinitiallydescribedbyYeetal.(1944)[1],whointerpretedtheGCasSinian(LatestNeo-proterozoic)tillites.However,Huang[2]regardedtheGC,plustheBikouSystem(composedoftheBikouvolcanicandtheHengdant…     

Seasonal variations in the Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of suspended particulate matter in the lower Changjiang River: Provenance and erosion constraints

Suspended particulate matter samples were collected monthly for more than 2 years in Nanjing,China to examine seasonal changes in the Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of the lower Changjiang River(CR).The results indicate that the 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the samples ranges from 0.725352 to 0.738128,and the values ofεNd(0)ranges from-10.55 to-12.29.The Sr-Nd isotopic compositions show distinct seasonal variations.The samples had lower 87Sr/86Sr ratios and higherε Nd(0)values during the flood season than the dry seasons.The seasonal variations primarily reflect the controls of provenance rocks and erosion in different sub-catchments.The relative decrease in 87Sr/86Sr ratios and the increase inε Nd(0)values during the flood season may reflect an increasing in the mechanical erosion rate in the upper basin and the contribution of more sediment from the upper reaches.The end member values of 87Sr/86Sr andε Nd(0)of the samples were 0.728254 and?11.26,respectively.     

新疆东部三塘湖盆地构造演化及其石油地质意义

三塘湖盆地形成于晚古生代以后,是一个构造演化复杂的中小型含油气盆地,经历了石炭纪到早二叠世盆地基底形成阶段、晚二叠世到白垩纪盆地发育阶段和第三纪以来的后期盆地改造阶段。在基底形成阶段,早石炭世为古准噶尔洋盆俯冲的活动大陆边缘时期,晚石炭世进入哈萨克斯坦板块和西伯利亚板块碰撞造山时期,早二叠世为碰撞后伸展转换时期。从晚二叠世以后,盆地进入发育阶段。晚二叠世为造山后伸展断陷时期,三叠纪末为挤压隆升时期,侏罗纪-早白垩世盆地进入拗陷时期,早白垩世末期为挤压逆冲时期。从第三纪以来,盆地进入了后期的改造阶段。在整个盆地演化过程中,晚二叠世盆地处于张性成盆环境,并沉积发育了上二叠统芦草沟组泥灰岩、上三叠统小泉沟群和下-中侏罗统水西沟群以暗色泥岩为主的三套烃源岩。受其区域性挤压构造背景影响,早白垩世末期和晚始新世是盆地两个油气成藏关键时刻,特别是新生代晚期盆地的改造对油气能否进入成熟生油阶段具有重要意义。     

Activation of northern margin of the North China Craton in Late Paleozoic: Evidence from U-Pb dating and Hf isotopes of detrital zircons from the Upper Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation in the Ningwu-Jingle basin

LA-MC-ICPMS U-Pb dating has been performed on detrital zircons from the Upper Carboniferous Tai-yuan Formation (N-8) in the Ningwu-Jingle Basin, west of the North China Craton (NCC). The ages of 72 detrital zircon grains are divided into three groups: 303―320 Ma (6 grains), 1631―2194 Ma (37 grains, peaked at 1850 Ma), 2318―2646 Ma (29 grains, peaked at 2500 Ma). Detrital zircons of Group 2 and Group 3 were likely derived from the basement of the NCC. Group 1 zircons exhibit 176Hf/177Hf ratios ranging from 0...     

东濮凹陷碎屑岩沉积充填特征及变化对构造活动的响应

东濮凹陷为渤海湾盆地西南端的一陆相断陷湖盆,具有砂层薄、粒度细和非均质性显著的沉积特征。盆地在古近系的沉积演化受频繁构造活动影响显著。通过研究古近系沙河街组碎屑岩尤其是盆缘的砾岩特征,分析不同构造变革期沉积物组成类型特征及变化,明确不同时期沉积充填对断裂活动的响应:盆地形成初期兰聊断裂的活动,东西两侧物源类型差异小,组成相对单一,均以中生界碎屑岩为主;随着构造活动频发和流域面积的增加,在沙三下文西、卫西、观城、马寨、马厂和三春集等断裂活动,湖盆水体加深,并出现多个沉降中心,东西两侧沉积体系和物源组成发生变化,砾石成分显示西侧物源中上古生界碎屑岩和下古生界碳酸盐岩、中生界火山岩和太古界基底变质岩逐渐增加,东侧上古生界物质比例增加;沙三中长垣断层和黄河断层活动造成南北差异显著,出现多源混合,砾石成分复杂度最高;至沙二期北部文东、卫东、文明寨等断层活动,东部洼陷沉降幅度增加,东侧近源物质大量充填砾石成分以上古生界碎屑岩和下古生界碳酸盐岩为主。沉积物的变化直接反映了各时期构造活动的强弱记录了盆地的演化历史,对认识同沉积断裂活动影响下储层砂体的发育及烃源岩的展布具有重要意义。     

Characteristics of the Middle-Late Triassic sedimentary facies assemblages in the Songpan-Ruoergai area

The Middle-Late Triassic sedimentary rocks in the Songpan-Ruoergai area mainly consist of calcareous siltstone, muddy limestone, lithic arkose, feldspathic litharenite, mudstone, wormkalk, oolithic limestone, and conglomerate. Except for limestone bed increasing eastward longitudinally and vertically, the calcareous component of the sandstones increases obviously. Abundant benthic and plant fossils and their clasts occur within these rocks. The sedimentary structures predominately contain flaser, parallel, tabular, wavy, and herringbone cross beddings. These data coevally imply that the Middle-Late Triassic sediments deposited in the fluvial, lake and tide environments. Additionally, the rocks display graded, parallel, hummocky beddings, and sandy lamination, a feature characteristic of storm deposits.     

Characteristics of the Middle-Late Triassic sedimentary facies assemblages in the Songpan-Ruoergai area

The Middle-Late Triassic sedimentary rocks in the Songpan-Ruoergai area mainly consist of calcareous siltstone, muddy limestone, lithic arkose, feldspathic litharenite, mudstone, wormkalk, oolithic limestone, and conglomerate. Except for limestone bed increasing eastward longitudinally and vertically, the calcareous component of the sandstones increases obviously. Abundant benthic and plant fossils and their clasts occur within these rocks. The sedimentary structures predominately contain flaser, parallel, tabular, wavy, and herringbone cross beddings. These data coevally imply that the Middle-Late Triassic sediments deposited in the fluvial, lake and tide environments. Additionally, the rocks display graded, parallel, hummocky beddings, and sandy lamination, a feature characteristic of storm deposits.     

Permian volcanisms in eastern and southeastern margins of the Jiamusi Massif, northeastern China: zircon U-Pb chronology, geochemistry and its tectonic implications

LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating and geochemical data for the Late Paleozoic volcanic rocks from eastern and southeastern margins of the Jiamusi Massif are presented to understand the regional tectonic evolution. Zircons from eight representative volcanic rocks are euhedral-subhedral in shape and display striped absorption and fine-scale oscillatory growth zoning as well as high Th/U ratios （0.33-2.37）, implying a magmatic origin. The dating results show that the Late Paleozoic volcanic rocks in the study area can be divided into two stages, i.e., the Early Permian （a weighted mean 205^Pb/238^U age of 288 Ma） and the Middle Permian volcanisms （a weighted mean 205^Pb/238^U age of 268 Ma）. The former is composed mainly of basalt, basaltic-andesite, andesite and minor dacite. They are characterized by low SiO2 contents, high Mg^# （0.40-0.59）, enrichment in Na （Na2O/K2O = 1.26-4.25） and light rare earth elements （LREEs）, relative depletion in heavy rare earth elements （HREEs） and high field strength elements （HFSEs）, indicating that an active continental margin setting could exist in the eastern margin of the Jiamusi Massif in the Early Permian. The latter consists mainly of rhyolite and minor dacite with high SiO2 （77.23%-77.52%）, low MgO （0.11%-0.14%）, enrichment in 1（20 （Na2O/K2O ratios 〈 0.80） and Rb, Th, U and depletion in Eu, Sr, P and Ti, implying a crust-derived origin. Therefore, it is proposed that the Middle Permian volcanic rocks could have formed under the collision of the Jiamusi and the Khanka Massifs.     

内蒙古西乌旗地区二叠纪双峰式火山岩的年代学、地球化学特征和地质意义

为了加深对中亚造山带东段晚古生代构造背景的认识, 选取内蒙古西乌旗地区二叠纪火山岩进行年代学和地球化学研究。分别利用X光荧光光谱(XRF)、SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年、ICP-MS和ISOPROBE-T方法测定研究区火山岩的主量元素含量、年龄、微量元素和稀土元素含量及Sr-Nd同位素。结果表明, 这套火山岩的SiO₂含量集中分布在53.54%~54.71%和72.61%~80.81%两个区间, 分别属于玄武安山岩和流纹岩, 构成双峰式火山岩组合。流纹岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为279 ± 4.3 Ma, 说明它喷发于早二叠世。玄武安山岩轻稀土略富集而重稀土略亏损, (La/Yb)_N为2.06~2.34, 有轻微的Eu负异常, 富集大离子亲石元素和高场强元素, Nb, Ta和Sr有明显的负异常, 推断其来源于深部非原始地幔, 很大程度上受地壳成分的混染。流纹岩亦略富集轻稀土, 略亏损重稀土, (La/Yb)_N为1.70~3.81, 有很强的Eu负异常, Sr, P和Ti相对强烈亏损, Nb和Ta轻度亏损, K, Zr和Hf相对富集, 具有较高的正ε_Nd(t)值(+3.98~+5.62)和年轻的模式年龄T_DM(490~690 Ma), 具有A型花岗岩的特征, 推断其为新生陆壳来源。综合地球化学特征、区域地质特征和前人研究资料, 这套双峰式火山岩具有板内成因特征, 形成于碰撞后的伸展环境。     

阿尔及利亚阿拉尔高生储盖组合特征

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